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... My concern in analysing the element –NYA here, is to look at its synchronic distributions in the nominal domain. There are two main questions I would like to raise about –NYA, namely, (i) what element is –NYA actually? (is it the same element in all constructions, or some different elements?), and ( ...
Logical and typological arguments for Radical
Logical and typological arguments for Radical

ASSIDUE Person prominence and relation prominence
ASSIDUE Person prominence and relation prominence

... of obligative, possibility, and desiderative modal operators ............................. 37 T3. Syntactic construction of phase operators .......................................................... 44 T4. Syntactic status of possessor in peripheral body part-whole relations............... 52 T5. Sy ...
Rhythm`s role in the genitive construction choice in spoken
Rhythm`s role in the genitive construction choice in spoken

... model of genitive choice alongside previously identified predictors using logistic regression modeling. We find that while rhythm significantly influences construction choice, its explanatory role is small relative to other known predictors. Thus, rhythm—and phonological factors at large—must not be ...
Simplex and complex reflexives in French and Dutch
Simplex and complex reflexives in French and Dutch

... We investigate the distinction between on the one hand simplex reflexives, more in particular zich in Dutch and se in French, and on the other hand the complex reflexives zichzelf and se … lui-même. First, we argue that such a (superficially discontinuous) complex reflexive exists in French. We then ...
10. - Universität Erfurt
10. - Universität Erfurt

... Relations of belonging and ownership are shaped on this model. In the structural section of the description, the analytical notions are defined on a formal basis. The functional part of the description is then subdivided according to the following criteria. The possessive relationship may be used to ...
She loves you, -ja -ja -ja: objective conjugation and pragmatic
She loves you, -ja -ja -ja: objective conjugation and pragmatic

... -je). It indicates that the possessor is perceived as standing in a contextually established relation to the possessum noun, rather than in a part-whole relation that is inherent to the latter. Consequently, we argue that the alienability split expresses the contrast between semantic and pragmatic p ...
External and Internal Possessors with Body Part Nouns: The Case of
External and Internal Possessors with Body Part Nouns: The Case of

... constructions is that they cannot be the object of any verb or preposition. The main rule is that the BIP/BEP constructions can only be used in a ‘physical context’. This concept was introduced in Lødrup (1999) to account for the distribution of simple reflexives. A physical context was understood a ...
Existential predication and trans
Existential predication and trans

... possessive constructions to non-prototypical situations. Possessive relationships may appear in one of the following ways in linguistic structure: – in a referential act, a possessive relationship may be used to specify the possessee by its relation to the possessor, as in the man’s hat, or vice ver ...
Possessives and relational nouns
Possessives and relational nouns

... nouns receive a special morphological marking; in some languages, inalienable possessives are constructed differently, often by juxtaposition of possessor and possessee rather than with an overt possessive linking particle (Chappell and McGregor 1996). In English, to the extent that only relational ...
course reader
course reader

... The structure associated with NPs differs from what has been proposed by e.g. Radford and what has generally been accepted, still, Jackendoff (1977) carries the seeds of what later is to develop into two separate nominal projections, the Noun Phrase and a Determiner Phrase. It is assumed that instea ...
DISSERTATION ABSTRACT The Acquisition of the Body
DISSERTATION ABSTRACT The Acquisition of the Body

... the hand.’). This sentence does not have any possessive phrase within the BPN phrase or a plural marking on the BPN object. Instead, it has a singular definite object. Nevertheless, the singular BPN object ‘the hand’ can be distributively interpreted as being in a part-whole relation with the plural ...
Open Access - Biblio UGent
Open Access - Biblio UGent

... ‘We’ve had it happen to us that our suitcases suddenly ripped open.’ The interpretation of these sentences is close to that of Experiencer patterns: the matrix subject has something happen to them and what happens to them is expressed in the embedded clause. In Flemish the possession of an event can ...
Inalienable Possession and Locative Aspect
Inalienable Possession and Locative Aspect

... (1) is acceptable because la main gives the impression of raising itself independently, while (2) is used because a hand cannot take itself independently. 3.1.2 A conceptual grammar supposes the existence of a series of syntactic constructions each filtered by a concept. If such a hypothesis is to h ...
PRENOMINAL PARTICIPIAL PHRASES IN MARATHI, THE NOUN
PRENOMINAL PARTICIPIAL PHRASES IN MARATHI, THE NOUN

... The general inability of -ṇār- PPPs to relativize on direct and indirect object positions may have more to do with -ṇār-’s morphological history than with syntax or semantics. Jules Bloch (1970: §258) discusses but then hesitates to accept the theory that -ṇār- is derived from the infinitive in -ṇ- ...
The instrumental: dative and its double 1. Introduction. We take our
The instrumental: dative and its double 1. Introduction. We take our

... with unergative verbs, as experiencer subjects, as DOM objects and as oblique (ergative) subjects. 2. With obliques: genitive/datives reversed. The data. If what precedes is on the right track, we expect it to have consequences for the other oblique most likely to occur as a case inflection, namely ...
Helge Lødrup Looking Possessor Raising in the mouth: Norwegian
Helge Lødrup Looking Possessor Raising in the mouth: Norwegian

... pronoun which is not included in the valency of the verb. The dative external possessor construction is more general than possessor raising. There are fewer restrictions on the syntax and semantics of the verb. Important to this paper is that there is no transitivity requirement, cf. the French 3. ( ...
Possession in Nanti
Possession in Nanti

... perspective. Of the languages described in this volume, Nanti possession is among the most semantically restrictive, including only part-whole, kinship, and strict ownership relations. At the same time, Nanti has developed 'non-referential' functions of possessive nominal prefixes, allowing the form ...
NP-internal possessive constructions in Hoocąk and other Siouan
NP-internal possessive constructions in Hoocąk and other Siouan

... Johannes Helmbrecht Languages usually have more than one construction to express a possessive relationship. Possessive constructions in an individual language usually express semantically different relations, which are traditionally subsumed under the notion of possession such as part-whole relation ...
possessive constructions in nganasan - slm.uni
possessive constructions in nganasan - slm.uni

... 2006 etc.), we still cannot say that from a typological point of view the topic has been worked out in detail. Naturally, this will also not be possible within the framework of this article, either. Two main points are generally discussed when regarding the typology of possession, a semantic and a f ...
this PDF file
this PDF file

... construction discussed by Stassen (2009:157-185), which he dubs predicativization. One aim will be to show, in the spirit of Boneh & Sichel (2010) and Levinson (2011), that this is truly a phenomenon distinct from other subtypes of BE construction, and that it cannot be related to more familiar subt ...
Rev.Chaps 12
Rev.Chaps 12

... these possession particles when used in noun phrases take the ‘a’ or ‘o’ form according to the relationship between possessor and the item that is possessed. Mōu ēnei kākahu hōu. Mōku te motokā whero. Māna ngā hua whenua. Mā māua ko taku tāne taua mea. ...
1

Inalienable possession

In linguistics, inalienable possession is a type of possession in which a noun is obligatorily possessed by its possessor. Nouns or nominal affixes in an inalienable possession relationship cannot exist independently or be ""alienated"" from their possessor. For example, a hand implies ""(someone's) hand"", even if it is severed from the whole body. Likewise, a father implies ""(someone's) father"". Inalienable nouns include body parts (e.g. leg, which is necessarily ""someone's leg""), kinship terms (e.g. mother), and part-whole relations (e.g. top). Many languages reflect this distinction, but they vary in the way they mark inalienable possession. Cross-linguistically, inalienability correlates with many morphological, syntactic, and semantic properties.In general, the alienable–inalienable distinction is an example of a binary possessive class system, i.e., a language in which two kinds of possession are distinguished (alienable and inalienable). The alienability distinction is the most common kind of binary possessive class system, but it is not the only one. Some languages have more than two possessive classes: the Anêm language of Papua New Guinea, for example, has at least 20.Statistically, 15–20% of the world's languages have obligatory possession.
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