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Soil physical constraints to plant growth and crop
Soil physical constraints to plant growth and crop

... Following the brief introduction, soil texture and structure are given in Chapter 2. Emphasis is placed in the following chapters on the development and stabilization of soil structure to comprehend other soil physical properties, i.e. soil water, aeration, soil pores, temperature, mechanical proper ...
Chapter 5 Geochemical Weathering
Chapter 5 Geochemical Weathering

... Weathering of landscapes involves an array of mechanical and geochemical agents that conspire to alter primary geological formations to sediments and solutes. Geochemical weathering is driven by water. In soils, water is the limiting factor for the activity of aerobic bacteria that degrade organics ...
Redox speciation analysis of antimony in soil extracts by hydride
Redox speciation analysis of antimony in soil extracts by hydride

... Sb and Te) with detection limits approximately 0.1 mg ly1. Guo et al. w14x using a non-dispersive AFS system obtained similar performance. Hydride generation techniques have been applied to determine antimony in samples such as tap water, seawater, airborne particles, sediment and soils w15,17–19x. ...
The Control of Moisture of Rocks by Methods of
The Control of Moisture of Rocks by Methods of

... A model material should satisfy the following requirements: 1. Its dielectric characteristics should be well enough described on the basis of one from known formulae for mixture. 2. The material should be well known and abundant. 3. Its mechanical properties should be similar to the same of rock con ...
fast pyrolysis characteristics of sugarcane bagasse hemicellulose
fast pyrolysis characteristics of sugarcane bagasse hemicellulose

... feedstock has emerged as an attractive alternative in the past decade.1 As a first stage of gasification and liquefaction of straw and other agricultural materials, pyrolysis is the key technology of the thermo-chemical processes. Pyrolysis of biomass generates three different energy products in dif ...
View full text in PDF format
View full text in PDF format

... software package Statistica 7.0. Growth data per sampling time, cocoon number, and mortality data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. The EC50 values of NaCl for growth and cocoon production were calculated by using the linear interpolation method. The LC50 value for NaCl was calculated by ...
Geochemistry of thermal waters along fault segments in
Geochemistry of thermal waters along fault segments in

LoTOx™ System. Low temperature oxidation for NOx
LoTOx™ System. Low temperature oxidation for NOx

... Linde modular ozone and oxygen supply systems enable quick and easy retrofit of the LoTOx process into customer’s existing APC systems without significant changes or additional major process equipment. The small, modular system footprint allows flexibility of the equipment layout to meet unique spat ...
Georgia Envirothon Soils
Georgia Envirothon Soils

... What Soil Is, and Where It Comes From Soil is basically ground up, weathered rocks, with some organic material mixed in the uppermost part. Most soils are about 1 meter (3-4 feet) thick and contain layers called horizons that have different properties that affect how they can be used by plants and p ...
Vanadium - Canadian Environmental Quality Guidelines
Vanadium - Canadian Environmental Quality Guidelines

... gallium tape for use in superconductors (van Zinderen Bakker and Jaworski 1980). ...
DDT uptake by arbuscular mycorrhizal alfalfa and depletion in soil
DDT uptake by arbuscular mycorrhizal alfalfa and depletion in soil

... DDT in the bulk soil than in the rhizosphere soil or in the bulk soil without Triton X-100. AM colonization significantly increased bacterial and fungal counts and dehydrogenase activity in the rhizosphere soil. The combined AM inoculation of plants and soil application of surfactant may have potent ...
AMSR Land Surface Parameters. Algorithm Theoretical Basis
AMSR Land Surface Parameters. Algorithm Theoretical Basis

... Figure 1: Precipitation averaged over an ensemble of three 30-day forecasts for July 1993 using the ECMWF model. (a) Moist initial soil moisture (field capacity). (b) Dry initial soil moisture (25% availability). (c) Difference between moist and dry. Contours are at 1, 2, 4, and 8 mm day-1 with sha ...
Chemical fluxes in time through forest ecosystems in the UK
Chemical fluxes in time through forest ecosystems in the UK

... soil solution elemental fluxes were quality checked according to quality criteria set in the ICP forests manuals (Manual, 2002, 2004). Data on DOC and DON in bulk precipitation, throughfall and soil solution have only been collected since 2002, so only five years of data were used in the analysis of t ...
Open Access Scientific Reports
Open Access Scientific Reports

... temporal changes has been widely used and proved beneficial. However, because of various factors such analysis did not yield acceptable results. One of such situations is the confusion among various land cover classes. To overcome such confusions and to improve land cover classification results, dif ...
Thermoanalytical characterization of carbon/carbon hybrid material
Thermoanalytical characterization of carbon/carbon hybrid material

... Woodceramics are carbon–carbon composite materials consisting of naturally occurring biologically originated amorphous carbon reinforced by glassy carbon generated from resin. They are porous composites made by impregnating wood or woody materials with a thermosetting resin such as phenol resin, and ...
the effect of sodium hydrogen phosphate/ citric acid mixtures on
the effect of sodium hydrogen phosphate/ citric acid mixtures on

... (Vaxevanidou et al., 2008). Soil remediation can reduce the contamination and preserve soil as a non-renewable natural resource. Among many technologies used to remediate soils with pollutants, soil extracting has been one of the most-used treatments because of its rapid ...
the effect of sodium hydrogen phosphate/ citric acid
the effect of sodium hydrogen phosphate/ citric acid

... (Vaxevanidou et al., 2008). Soil remediation can reduce the contamination and preserve soil as a non-renewable natural resource. Among many technologies used to remediate soils with pollutants, soil extracting has been one of the most-used treatments because of its rapid ...
Baseline Concentrations of 15 Trace Elements in Florida Surface Soils
Baseline Concentrations of 15 Trace Elements in Florida Surface Soils

... current study were lower than these trace elements in Florida agricultural soils reported by Holmgren et aI. (1993). This is possible because many of the soils used in this study were collected through the FCSSP from uncultivated, or minimally cultivated sites (Sodek et aI., 1990). Concentrations of ...
Assessing ecotoxicity and uptake of metals and metalloids in
Assessing ecotoxicity and uptake of metals and metalloids in

... standard protocols for the exposure and depuration periods is needed and precise parameters, such as soil chemical and physical properties, should be defined. It was also recommended that more field or terrestrial model studies using real contaminated soils rather than metal-amended artificial soils sh ...
Occurrence and congeners specific of polychlorinated biphenyls in
Occurrence and congeners specific of polychlorinated biphenyls in

... PCBs (the sum of 13 PCB congeners) were 4.13 ng/g, and the maximum was 32.83 ng/g, which showed that the pollutants were at low levels. PCB118 has the highest concentration of 0.86 ng/g, PCB18 was not detectable, and concentrations of PCB28, 31, 149 were extremely low. In China, PCB concentrations a ...
Assessing soil quality and interpreting soil test results
Assessing soil quality and interpreting soil test results

... or ‘fix’ phosphate (i.e. the phosphorus retention index, PRI or phosphorus buffering index, PBI). For example, critical soil test values will be lower for low PRI soils such as pale sands and will be higher on heavier textured soils that contain larger amounts of iron and aluminium oxides. Growers s ...
Rangeland Ecology and Management 66(4): 445-453
Rangeland Ecology and Management 66(4): 445-453

... positively related with runoff and sediment yield (Teague et al. 2008, 2011). Soil aggregate stability should not be utilized as a sole predictor of field-scale runoff or erosion, but the degree of soil aggregation affects several soil processes, including the contributions of various organic matter ...
Native Plants for Rain Gardens
Native Plants for Rain Gardens

... natural infiltration or storage methods, thus allowing the rain to slowly reach our streams or ground water table. This prevents damage from erosion, sedimentation, sewer overflows, and flooding. Gardens can be a good way to help manage stormwater. Their soils contain lots of organic matter that abs ...
Linking soil- and stream-water chemistry based on a Riparian Flow
Linking soil- and stream-water chemistry based on a Riparian Flow

... This means that all the additional lateral flow associated with ground water table rise occurs in the newly saturated soil layer. Matrix, or Darcian, flow with a constant hydraulic gradient can be one way to fulfil this assumption. The large variations in lateral water fluxes with changes in the gro ...
Excess nitrogen leaching and C/N decline in the Tillingbourne
Excess nitrogen leaching and C/N decline in the Tillingbourne

... Over the past decade, there has been rising concern over nitrogen (N) in the environment. This has been particularly true in relation to upland catchments, where excess nitrogen availability has led to leaching of N from forest and moorland systems (Dise and Wright, 1995). As N deposition levels inc ...
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Low-temperature thermal desorption

NOTE: This article is largely taken verbatim from the EPA's How to Evaluate Alternative Cleanup Technologies for Underground Storage Tank Sites.Low-temperature thermal desorption (LTTD), also known as low-temperature thermal volatilization, thermal stripping, and soil roasting, is an ex-situ remedial technology that uses heat to physically separate petroleum hydrocarbons from excavated soils. Thermal desorbers are designed to heat soils to temperatures sufficient to cause constituents to volatilize and desorb (physically separate) from the soil. Although they are not designed to decompose organic constituents, thermal desorbers can, depending upon the specific organics present and the temperature of the desorber system, cause some organic constituents to completely or partially decompose. The vaporized hydrocarbons are generally treated in a secondary treatment unit (e.g., an afterburner, catalytic oxidation chamber, condenser, or carbon adsorption unit) prior to discharge to the atmosphere. Afterburners and oxidizers destroy the organic constituents. Condensers and carbon adsorption units trap organic compounds for subsequent treatment or disposal.Some preprocessing and postprocessing of soil is necessary when using LTTD. Excavated soils are first screened to remove large (greater than 2 inches in diameter) objects. These may be sized (e.g., crushed or shredded) and then introduced back into the feed material. After leaving the desorber, soils are cooled, re-moistened to control dust, and stabilized (if necessary) to prepare them for disposal or reuse. Treated soil may be redeposited onsite, used as cover in landfills, or incorporated into asphalt.
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