Triplet states in organic semiconductors Materials Science and
... (i) molecular assemblies: they may be deposited as an amorphous film through evaporation or spin-coating. Thin amorphous films of molecules are employed for device applications such as LEDs, and molecularly doped polymer films are used on a large technological scale in xerography [22]. (ii) molecular c ...
... (i) molecular assemblies: they may be deposited as an amorphous film through evaporation or spin-coating. Thin amorphous films of molecules are employed for device applications such as LEDs, and molecularly doped polymer films are used on a large technological scale in xerography [22]. (ii) molecular c ...
Electrochromic Shift of Chlorophyll Absorption in Photosystem I from
... et al. (2001) reported that noticeable optical absorption evolution in the Chl Qy spectral region spans well into the nanosecond range, and suggested protein relaxation as a possible cause of the observed signal. In this article, we have performed detailed analysis of this effect and propose that th ...
... et al. (2001) reported that noticeable optical absorption evolution in the Chl Qy spectral region spans well into the nanosecond range, and suggested protein relaxation as a possible cause of the observed signal. In this article, we have performed detailed analysis of this effect and propose that th ...
Charge Transport in Organic Semiconductors
... for large-area displays, solid-state lighting, radio frequency identification tags, or solar cells; major chemical companies worldwide, such as Sumitomo, DuPont, Solvay, BASF, Ciba, and Merck to name but a few, are now involved in developing efficient sources of chemicals for organic electronics app ...
... for large-area displays, solid-state lighting, radio frequency identification tags, or solar cells; major chemical companies worldwide, such as Sumitomo, DuPont, Solvay, BASF, Ciba, and Merck to name but a few, are now involved in developing efficient sources of chemicals for organic electronics app ...
Esters of Nitric Acid as Electron Acceptors
... [8] G . B r i e g l e b , Elektionen-Donator-Acceptor-Komplexe, Springer, Berlin, 1961. [9] A . C . A l b r e c h t , W . T. S i m p s o n , J. A m . Chem. S o c , 77 (1955), 4454. [10] P. J o b , Compt. Rend., 180 (1925), 928; A n n . Chim. Phys., (10) 9 (1928), 113. [11] T. U r b a ń s k i , Roczn ...
... [8] G . B r i e g l e b , Elektionen-Donator-Acceptor-Komplexe, Springer, Berlin, 1961. [9] A . C . A l b r e c h t , W . T. S i m p s o n , J. A m . Chem. S o c , 77 (1955), 4454. [10] P. J o b , Compt. Rend., 180 (1925), 928; A n n . Chim. Phys., (10) 9 (1928), 113. [11] T. U r b a ń s k i , Roczn ...
ENS’06
... sufficiently frequency at these concentrations, to decrease the phonon drift. In high electron fields, there will be an increase resulting from the departure from thermal equilibrium of the f0(E) or random terms in the carrier distribution. It is already mentioned that the drag or drift term in the ...
... sufficiently frequency at these concentrations, to decrease the phonon drift. In high electron fields, there will be an increase resulting from the departure from thermal equilibrium of the f0(E) or random terms in the carrier distribution. It is already mentioned that the drag or drift term in the ...
Photo/electro-respondent functional polymers
... can also serve as matrices for electroactive low-molecular-weight materials, like, e.g., in photorefractive memory disks. These systems seem to offer good prospects in preparation of photo/electro active inks suitable for screen and inkjet printing cold technologies. From the point of view of photo/ ...
... can also serve as matrices for electroactive low-molecular-weight materials, like, e.g., in photorefractive memory disks. These systems seem to offer good prospects in preparation of photo/electro active inks suitable for screen and inkjet printing cold technologies. From the point of view of photo/ ...
1.3.5 Spectroscopy Name Symbol Definition SI unit Notes total term
... Other symbols and conventions in optical spectroscopy (i) Term symbols for atomic states The electronic states of atoms are labeled by the value of the quantum number L for the state. The value of L is indicated by an upright capital letter: S, P, D, F, G, H, I and K, ..., are used for L = 0, 1, 2, ...
... Other symbols and conventions in optical spectroscopy (i) Term symbols for atomic states The electronic states of atoms are labeled by the value of the quantum number L for the state. The value of L is indicated by an upright capital letter: S, P, D, F, G, H, I and K, ..., are used for L = 0, 1, 2, ...
03_LakhnoGrid16 - indico.jinr.ru – Indico
... Results of calculations of thermodynamically equilibrium values. Electronic part of the total energy Ee(T) for chains of length 19, 40 and 60 sites. Dashed lines show polaron energies Epol and the lower bound of the conductivity band 2 ...
... Results of calculations of thermodynamically equilibrium values. Electronic part of the total energy Ee(T) for chains of length 19, 40 and 60 sites. Dashed lines show polaron energies Epol and the lower bound of the conductivity band 2 ...
Polaron
Energy spectrum of an electron moving in a periodical potential of rigid crystal lattice consists of allowed and forbidden bands and is known as the Bloch spectrum. An electron with energy inside an allowed band moves as a free electron but with effective mass (solid-state physics) that differs from the electron mass in vacuum. However, crystal lattice is deformable and displacements of atoms (ions) from their equilibrium positions are described in terms of phonons. Electrons interact with these displacements, and this interaction is known as electron-phonon coupling. One of possible scenarios was proposed in the seminal 1933 paper by Lev Landau, it includes production of a lattice defect such as an F-center and trapping the electron by this defect. A different scenario was proposed by Solomon Pekar that envisions dressing the electron with lattice deformation (a cloud of virtual phonons). Such an electron with the accompanying deformation moves freely across the crystal, but with increased effective mass. Pekar coined for this charge carrier the term polaron. The general concept of a polaron has been extended to describe other interactions between the electrons and ions in metals that result in a bound state, or a lowering of energy compared to the non-interacting system. Major theoretical work has focused on solving Fröhlich and Holstein Hamiltonians. This is still an active field of research to find exact numerical solutions to the case of one or two electrons in a large crystal lattice, and to study the case of many interacting electrons.Experimentally, polarons are important to the understanding of a wide variety of materials. The electron mobility in semiconductors can be greatly decreased by the formation of polarons. Organic semiconductors are also sensitive to polaronic effects, and is particularly relevant in the design of organic solar cells that effectively transport charge. The electron phonon interactions that form cooper pairs in type-I superconductors can also be modelled as a polaron, and two opposite spin electrons may form a bipolaron sharing a phonon cloud. This has been suggested as a mechanism for cooper pair formation in type-II superconductors. Polarons are also important for interpreting the optical conductivity of these types of materials.The polaron, a fermionic quasiparticle, should not be confused with the polariton, a bosonic quasiparticle analogous to a hybridized state between a photon and an optical phonon.