a case of hashimoto`s thyroiditis with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia
... Thus due to abnormal immune response, which may be both cell-mediated and antibody mediated, due to some genetic and or environmental factors, a person may develop both autoimmune thyroidits and autoimmune hemolytic anemia over time as did the above patient. However not many such cases have been rep ...
... Thus due to abnormal immune response, which may be both cell-mediated and antibody mediated, due to some genetic and or environmental factors, a person may develop both autoimmune thyroidits and autoimmune hemolytic anemia over time as did the above patient. However not many such cases have been rep ...
Fig 7-2 Hormones
... Autoantibodies (TSI) bind to TSH receptor and stimulate thyroid hormone production This activation by TSI is not subject to the normal negative feedback loop. Left exophthalmus in Graves disease ...
... Autoantibodies (TSI) bind to TSH receptor and stimulate thyroid hormone production This activation by TSI is not subject to the normal negative feedback loop. Left exophthalmus in Graves disease ...
Endocrine glands
... • Alpha cells secretes Glucagon hormone that increase serum glucose level. • Beta cells secretes Insulin hormone that decrease serum glucose level. ...
... • Alpha cells secretes Glucagon hormone that increase serum glucose level. • Beta cells secretes Insulin hormone that decrease serum glucose level. ...
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
... activity of only certain cells, these are their target cells • specificity of effect governed by hormone receptors ...
... activity of only certain cells, these are their target cells • specificity of effect governed by hormone receptors ...
Michelle - U
... Increase in cardiac contractility, heart rate, and CO Bone growth Brain growth In thyrotoxicosis/hyperthyroidism, too much T3 and T4 circulate in the body. The increase in basal metabolic rate that occurs in hyperthyroidism is out of proportion to the amount of calories usually consumed by an ...
... Increase in cardiac contractility, heart rate, and CO Bone growth Brain growth In thyrotoxicosis/hyperthyroidism, too much T3 and T4 circulate in the body. The increase in basal metabolic rate that occurs in hyperthyroidism is out of proportion to the amount of calories usually consumed by an ...
The most serious incurable STI is human immunodeficiency
... STI vs. STD • STI: infection means the germ, virus, bacteria, or parasite that can cause disease is inside person’s body. – May not have symptoms or signs of disease – Can still pass it on to someone else ...
... STI vs. STD • STI: infection means the germ, virus, bacteria, or parasite that can cause disease is inside person’s body. – May not have symptoms or signs of disease – Can still pass it on to someone else ...
misdirected reactions of the immune system autoimmunity
... GRAVES' DISEASE * Most common cause of hyperthyroidism (thyrotoxicosis) • Incidence of 50-80 cases / 100,000 population / year • Female to male ratio of 8:1 ...
... GRAVES' DISEASE * Most common cause of hyperthyroidism (thyrotoxicosis) • Incidence of 50-80 cases / 100,000 population / year • Female to male ratio of 8:1 ...
PRIMARY AMENORRHOEA
... . Excessive dieting or weight loss. PREVENTION MEASURES . Don’t use drugs unless prescribed by doctor. . Reduce athletic activities if they are too strenous. . obtain medical treatment for any underlying disorder. . Maintain proper nutrition and body weight. EXPECTED OUTCOME . The absence of menstru ...
... . Excessive dieting or weight loss. PREVENTION MEASURES . Don’t use drugs unless prescribed by doctor. . Reduce athletic activities if they are too strenous. . obtain medical treatment for any underlying disorder. . Maintain proper nutrition and body weight. EXPECTED OUTCOME . The absence of menstru ...
File
... The condition is usually caused by Graves' disease, an immune system problem that causes the thyroid gland to become very active. Hypothyroidism Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the levels of thyroid hormones in the blood are very low. The deficiency slows body processes. Kids and teens with t ...
... The condition is usually caused by Graves' disease, an immune system problem that causes the thyroid gland to become very active. Hypothyroidism Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the levels of thyroid hormones in the blood are very low. The deficiency slows body processes. Kids and teens with t ...
571-Keynote
... receptor. This step enabled demonstration that TSab are present in all definite cases of Graves’ disease, in amounts that correlate with the patient’s thyroid activity as noted clinically and by patients’ thyroid uptake of 131I. Adams, Kennedy, Stewart. BMJ 1974;2: 199-201. Also Allison Knight, Cagu ...
... receptor. This step enabled demonstration that TSab are present in all definite cases of Graves’ disease, in amounts that correlate with the patient’s thyroid activity as noted clinically and by patients’ thyroid uptake of 131I. Adams, Kennedy, Stewart. BMJ 1974;2: 199-201. Also Allison Knight, Cagu ...
File
... Endemic goiter: myxedema results from lack of iodine (doesn’t use T3&T4) creating an atrophied gland ...
... Endemic goiter: myxedema results from lack of iodine (doesn’t use T3&T4) creating an atrophied gland ...
No Slide Title
... FUNCTIONS OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM 1. It helps with the control and coordination of all activity of the body with the use of hormones -- it is like the Nervous System in this function except: Hormones take longer to produce an action, but action last longer -- help maintain Homeostasis primarily by ...
... FUNCTIONS OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM 1. It helps with the control and coordination of all activity of the body with the use of hormones -- it is like the Nervous System in this function except: Hormones take longer to produce an action, but action last longer -- help maintain Homeostasis primarily by ...
ENDOCRINE GLANDS • Secrete hormones directly into
... • Hypothyroidism in early infancy or childhood • Lack of mental and physical growth causes mental retardation and very small stature • Rx – thyroid extract – damage cannot be undone but treatment can halt progression ...
... • Hypothyroidism in early infancy or childhood • Lack of mental and physical growth causes mental retardation and very small stature • Rx – thyroid extract – damage cannot be undone but treatment can halt progression ...
Practice Questions Ch 8: 1. Calcitonin is secreted by A. the adrenal
... ____7. ACTH D. ACTH ____8. Aldosterone E. Hypothalamus and sympathetic nerves ____9. Glucagon F. TSH ____10. Testosterone G. TRH H. PIH I. GnRH J. LH K. FSH 11. An endocrine disorder involving high cortisol, with symptoms including “moon face”, fluid retention, hyperglycemia, and hypertension. A. Cu ...
... ____7. ACTH D. ACTH ____8. Aldosterone E. Hypothalamus and sympathetic nerves ____9. Glucagon F. TSH ____10. Testosterone G. TRH H. PIH I. GnRH J. LH K. FSH 11. An endocrine disorder involving high cortisol, with symptoms including “moon face”, fluid retention, hyperglycemia, and hypertension. A. Cu ...
Pathology of the Endocrine System
... • These prostaglandins are involved in homeostatic activities ...
... • These prostaglandins are involved in homeostatic activities ...
Endemic Goiter Now Abstract
... Iodine deficiency is a serious problem worldwide. Its clinical consequences — endemic goiter and cretinism — reflect not only the severity of iodine deficiency, but also the effects of constituents of food and of selenium deficiency on thyroid hormone biosynthesis and metabolism.Goiter is its most o ...
... Iodine deficiency is a serious problem worldwide. Its clinical consequences — endemic goiter and cretinism — reflect not only the severity of iodine deficiency, but also the effects of constituents of food and of selenium deficiency on thyroid hormone biosynthesis and metabolism.Goiter is its most o ...
Endocrine System
... – People with this disease consume large quantities of food but lose body fat and weight – Most pronounced symptoms are enlargement of gland (GOITER) and bulging of eyeballs (EXOPHTHALMOS) – Rx – total or partial removal of thyroid gland, drugs to reduce thyroxine, radiation ...
... – People with this disease consume large quantities of food but lose body fat and weight – Most pronounced symptoms are enlargement of gland (GOITER) and bulging of eyeballs (EXOPHTHALMOS) – Rx – total or partial removal of thyroid gland, drugs to reduce thyroxine, radiation ...
THYROID HORMONE
... • It stimulates normal synthesis & secretion of the GH. • It is essential for the normal growth of the children. • It stimulates & promotes normal growth & development of the brain during the perinatal period (nerve myelination & brain vascularity). • Its deficiency during postnatal period can lead ...
... • It stimulates normal synthesis & secretion of the GH. • It is essential for the normal growth of the children. • It stimulates & promotes normal growth & development of the brain during the perinatal period (nerve myelination & brain vascularity). • Its deficiency during postnatal period can lead ...
Do we have evidence from the wild life
... total T3 and T4 . Infants have higher plasma-levels of TSH ...
... total T3 and T4 . Infants have higher plasma-levels of TSH ...
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
... Susceptibility to developing SLE appears to be genetically determined, but environmental factors seem to trigger the onset of the disease. Some drugs can trigger a disease similar to SLE. Symptoms are extremely variable, and SLE is sometimes referred to as "the great impostor" because of the wide sp ...
... Susceptibility to developing SLE appears to be genetically determined, but environmental factors seem to trigger the onset of the disease. Some drugs can trigger a disease similar to SLE. Symptoms are extremely variable, and SLE is sometimes referred to as "the great impostor" because of the wide sp ...
Eye History Medical History Pupil Dilation
... _______________________________________ _____________________________________________ _______________________________________ _____________________________________________ _______________________________________ _____________________________________________ ____________________________________ ...
... _______________________________________ _____________________________________________ _______________________________________ _____________________________________________ _______________________________________ _____________________________________________ ____________________________________ ...
Endocrine Power PointPresentation1
... leading to enlargement of gland People with this disease consume large quantities of food but lose body fat and weight Most pronounced symptoms are enlargement of gland (GOITER) and bulging of eyeballs (EXOPHTHALMOS) Rx – total or partial removal of thyroid gland, drugs to reduce thyroxine, radiatio ...
... leading to enlargement of gland People with this disease consume large quantities of food but lose body fat and weight Most pronounced symptoms are enlargement of gland (GOITER) and bulging of eyeballs (EXOPHTHALMOS) Rx – total or partial removal of thyroid gland, drugs to reduce thyroxine, radiatio ...
Graves' disease
Graves' disease, also known as toxic diffuse goiter and Flajani-Basedow-Graves disease, is an autoimmune disease that affects the thyroid. It frequently results in hyperthyroidism and an enlarged thyroid. Signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism may include irritability, muscle weakness, sleeping problems, a fast heartbeat, poor tolerance of heat, diarrhea, and weight loss. Other symptoms may include thickening of the skin on the shins, known as pretibial myxedema, and eye problems such as bulging, a condition known as Graves' ophthalmopathy. About 25% to 80% of people develop eye problems.The exact cause is unclear; however, it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. A person is more likely to be affected if they have a family member with the disease. If one twin is affected there is a 30% chance the other twin will also have the disease. The onset of disease may be triggered by stress, infection, or giving birth. Those with other autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis are more likely to be affected. Smoking increases the risk of disease and may make the eye problems worse. The disorder results from an antibody, called thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI), that has a similar effect to thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). These antibodies cause the thyroid gland to produce excess thyroid hormone. The diagnosis may be suspected based on symptoms with blood tests and radioiodine uptake used to confirm the disease. Typically blood tests show a raised T3 and T4, low TSH, increased radioiodine uptake in all areas of the thyroid, and TSI antibodies.There are three treatment options: radioiodine therapy, medications, and thyroid surgery. Radioiodine therapy involves taking iodine-131 by mouth which is then concentrated in and destroys the thyroid over weeks to months. The resulting hypothyroidism is treated with synthetic thyroid hormone. Medications such as beta blockers may control the symptoms and anti-thyroid medications such as methimazole may temporarily help people while other treatments are having effect. Surgery to remove the thyroid is another option. Eye problems may require additional treatments.Graves' disease occurs in about 0.5% of people. It occurs about 7.5 times more often in women than men. Often it starts between the ages of forty and sixty. It is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in the United States (about 50% to 80% of cases). The condition is named after Robert Graves who described it in 1835. A number of prior descriptions also exist.