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To: Speaker of the Rice University Faculty Senate Chair of the
To: Speaker of the Rice University Faculty Senate Chair of the

... helps students gain increased awareness about communicative processes in their first language as well. At the very least, intercultural communication should help students understand that merely speaking a language is not enough to successfully work within and with communities of foreign languages (o ...
How language changed the genes: toward an explicit account of the
How language changed the genes: toward an explicit account of the

... Our point of departure is a theoretical reappraisal of Chomsky’s long-standing hypothesis of the autonomy of syntactic structures from meaning considerations. As we have already indicated, recent empirical research on the interface between syntactic and semantic representations consistently demonstr ...
cognitive artefact
cognitive artefact

... Semantics is distinguished from pragmatics without necessitating a truth functional semantics Contextual dependence characterises all subsystems, but does not erase the distinctions between them Language as a social object has its own proper structure subtended by but irreducible to intentionality ...
122 Intercultural citizenship and foreign language education
122 Intercultural citizenship and foreign language education

... our interlocutor, and further dialogue is unlikely. Learners who know these rules – which native speakers would not be able to formulate – can decide whether they follow them or not. In a simple case such as ‘weather speak’, there is little to dissuade them, but in other more complex cases they may ...
Chapter 10 - Non-verbal Information and Artistic Expression in the
Chapter 10 - Non-verbal Information and Artistic Expression in the

... depends on conceptual thinking and hence language. We therefore consider the work of Lewis-Williams and Anati as supporting the link between the origin of language and the origin of art. Similarities and Differences of Verbal Language and Artistic Expression Both verbal language and artistic expres ...
Children`s games as local semiotic play: An ethnographic account.
Children`s games as local semiotic play: An ethnographic account.

... Masibulele was in the 'strong group' in her streamed classroom and was often sent to assist children in the two 'weak groups': they contained around half the children; those who were just not 'getting it' when it came to the ‘basics’ of reading and who exasperated their teacher. Masibulele played d ...
Perception of tone contrasts in Cantonese as a heritage
Perception of tone contrasts in Cantonese as a heritage

... comprehensible even when some of the tone information is lost à there is no ‘need’ to fully acquire it ...
CULTURE IN LANGUAGES – MULTIPLICITY OF INTERPRETATIONS
CULTURE IN LANGUAGES – MULTIPLICITY OF INTERPRETATIONS

... and historic origin. Agar strongly emphasises the connection between language and culture that diverts the speaker to search for more general, usable patterns in the interaction with speakers of other languages and cultures. (Risager, 2008). When discussing cultural experience, one should pay attent ...
Tailoring language provision and requirements
Tailoring language provision and requirements

... For most people, the first language belongs to the kernel of their identity – it is the language in which they started to realise themselves as persons (personal identity), as members of a family and social group (social identity), and in which they developed values important for their lives (cultu ...
Assessment of the Social Functions and Vitality of the Yi Language
Assessment of the Social Functions and Vitality of the Yi Language

... although some do understand basic everyday expressions; and grandchildren basically cannot speak Yi. Even among those whose mother tongue is Yi, they have limited domains of use for Yi. Since language preservation, concurrent use, and shift is a dynamic process, this study will place emphasis on the ...
Cultural Aspects of Japanese Family Address Terms as Part of
Cultural Aspects of Japanese Family Address Terms as Part of

... (3) Any successful second/foreign language acquisition must be understood as acquisition of both target language forms and functions. (4) Acculturation is a crucial part of the learning process itself, without which native-like use of the target language would be impossible. Japanese Family Address ...
On the Cultivation of Cross-culture Communication Competence of
On the Cultivation of Cross-culture Communication Competence of

... difficult for us to understand the cultural background of the language and the differences between Chinese and western culture, the phenomenon of ambiguity, misunderstanding and pragmatic failures appears frequently. For example, the expression “How much can you earn in a month” represents the inter ...
Language and Ethnicity in Central and Eastern Europe: Some
Language and Ethnicity in Central and Eastern Europe: Some

... foodstuffs (“we don't eat this because we are Ruritanians”) [“Ruritanian” here is a metaphor for any of the ethno-linguistic groups of the region]. Crucial to this process is that both explicit and implicit markers are involved. People will adhere to certain ways of doing things without having any i ...
`Adult learners` perceptions of classroom environment in Estonia and
`Adult learners` perceptions of classroom environment in Estonia and

... perception is one of most significant factors influencing adult learning experience. My objective here is to reveal in further detail which classroom environment aspects are perceived by adult learners in higher education more positively and which of those aspects relate more strongly to confidence ...
English in the Social Sciences (A. De Swaan)
English in the Social Sciences (A. De Swaan)

... improves understanding.6 Nor does the adoption of large quantities of loanwords harm the language in any way.7 In other words, the vocabulary may change, but the morphology - grammar, syntax and pronunciation - remain mostly unaffected.8 In everyday speech, the strong jaws of morphology chew the loa ...
Sociocultural Perspectives on Foreign Language Learning
Sociocultural Perspectives on Foreign Language Learning

... Gillette (1994) also probed into the issue of individual differences through a series of in-depth case studies in the activity of language acquisition and proposed that the learning outcome is closely linked to the learners‘ motives and that their motives are socially and historically constructed, f ...
Lect 17 theories1
Lect 17 theories1

... 2. Universalist (1880s): similarities due to cognitive features of the human species, reflected in adult second-language learning. 3. Substratist (1880s): borrow words from lexifier but retain grammar and phonology of the substrate (creole as hybrid). 4. Baby-talk/Foreigner simplification (1930s ...
PowerPoint - Council of Europe
PowerPoint - Council of Europe

...  Successful integration of migrant children/adolescents is likely to depend on a language education policy that respects the reciprocity of the integration process and is explicitly associated with non-educational aspects of integration policy  The principle that integration is a reciprocal proces ...
PPT
PPT

... functioning of the mind is just a hypothesis. Who knows if we’re looking at the right aspects of the brain at all. Maybe there are other aspects of the brain that nobody has even dreamt of looking at yet. That’s often happened in the history of science. When people say that the mental is just the ne ...
Chapter 12: Observational Learning Lecture Outline
Chapter 12: Observational Learning Lecture Outline

... – Imitation & reinforcement explains grammar, syntax learning – When imitated statements are understood, parents reward child response to request → reinforcement ...
Application of Cognitive and Socio
Application of Cognitive and Socio

... comprehensible input is defined by Krashen as a form of input which is just a little beyond the learners’ competence but easy enough to be understood. About the form of input, there are two different views. Krashen (1985) considers meaningful activities as a base of function in foreign language acqu ...
Jeff Elman In what ways does language aid human cognition and
Jeff Elman In what ways does language aid human cognition and

... A person with Broca's Aphasia typically would NOT be able to: a. Count out loud on their fingers b. Sing a song c. Respond to a simple question that required little thought d. Retell the story of Cinderella from memory e. Generally understand what is being asked of them Babies begin to rapidly acqui ...
Thinking about language: Chomsky – Geoff Poole
Thinking about language: Chomsky – Geoff Poole

... genetically encoded property of the species that is essential to the acquisition of language. 2. The speed and ease of first language acquisition. 3. Uniformity across populations in the rate and stages and acquisition. This suggests that the pace of acquisition is not essentially dictated by extern ...
An Introduction to Linguistics
An Introduction to Linguistics

... • Some have looked at the problem of whether primitive man had the physiological capacity to speak. ...
Language
Language

... • Some have looked at the problem of whether primitive man had the physiological capacity to speak. ...
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Critical period hypothesis

The critical period hypothesis is the subject of a long-standing debate in linguistics and language acquisition over the extent to which the ability to acquire language is biologically linked to age. The hypothesis claims that there is an ideal time window to acquire language in a linguistically rich environment, after which further language acquisition becomes much more difficult and effortful.The critical period hypothesis states that the first few years of life is the crucial time in which an individual can acquire a first language if presented with adequate stimuli. If language input doesn't occur until after this time, the individual will never achieve a full command of language—especially grammatical systems.The evidence for such a period is limited, and support stems largely from theoretical arguments and analogies to other critical periods in biology such as visual development, but nonetheless is widely accepted. The nature of such a critical period, however, has been one of the most fiercely debated issues in psycholinguistics and cognitive science in general for decades. Some writers have suggested a ""sensitive"" or ""optimal"" period rather than a critical one; others dispute the causes (physical maturation, cognitive factors). The duration of the period also varies greatly in different accounts.In second-language acquisition, the strongest evidence for the critical period hypothesis is in the study of accent, where most older learners do not reach a native-like level. However, under certain conditions, native-like accent has been observed, suggesting that accent is affected by multiple factors, such as identity and motivation, rather than a critical period biological constraint (Moyer, 1999; Bongaerts et al., 1995; Young-Scholten, 2002).The assumption that there is a critical period is closely related to early immersion like a production.Template:Huh?
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