Sector Briefing Draft - The Seismic Assessment of Existing Buildings
... • walls in good condition; with negligible mortar joint cracking, brick splitting, settlement or similar factors. • walls under face load attached to rigid or flexible diaphragms • brick veneers under face loading • stone masonry where the stones are layered. They can also be applied, with some addi ...
... • walls in good condition; with negligible mortar joint cracking, brick splitting, settlement or similar factors. • walls under face load attached to rigid or flexible diaphragms • brick veneers under face loading • stone masonry where the stones are layered. They can also be applied, with some addi ...
- ICF Builder Magazine
... dustry installed only 35 million sq. speed on these developments. built them are some of the best in ft. of wall, about 30% of this year’s the world. They can tackle nearly any total. The biggest ICF project then underway was an office complex ICF project, anywhere in North America, and have it run ...
... dustry installed only 35 million sq. speed on these developments. built them are some of the best in ft. of wall, about 30% of this year’s the world. They can tackle nearly any total. The biggest ICF project then underway was an office complex ICF project, anywhere in North America, and have it run ...
Early cavity walls
... A cavity or ‘hollow’ wall consists of two masonry leaves tied together but separated by a continuous airspace. The outer leaf acts as a ‘protective skin’ against the elements, principally driving rain. It works in conjunction with the inner leaf which serves as a dry construction to carry the interi ...
... A cavity or ‘hollow’ wall consists of two masonry leaves tied together but separated by a continuous airspace. The outer leaf acts as a ‘protective skin’ against the elements, principally driving rain. It works in conjunction with the inner leaf which serves as a dry construction to carry the interi ...
THE WALL DECORATION OF THE HIERON IN SAMOTHRACE
... with cast bronze mouldings. Lit by flickering lamplight during the nocturnal rites, the cella must have been rich in contrasts, now gleaming as light fell on the marble pavement and the white upper wall or picked out the metallic edges of the shadowy coffers, now muted as it struck the firm full col ...
... with cast bronze mouldings. Lit by flickering lamplight during the nocturnal rites, the cella must have been rich in contrasts, now gleaming as light fell on the marble pavement and the white upper wall or picked out the metallic edges of the shadowy coffers, now muted as it struck the firm full col ...
Desert Castles of Ancient Khorezm
... Site of ancient settlement Toprak Qala occupies the area of 500 х 350 m. (17 hectares) in rectangular form. It is surrounded by the fortification walls, which have preserved in the form of shaft, reaching the 8-9 m. height in some places. The walls strengthened by the numerous quadrangular towers wi ...
... Site of ancient settlement Toprak Qala occupies the area of 500 х 350 m. (17 hectares) in rectangular form. It is surrounded by the fortification walls, which have preserved in the form of shaft, reaching the 8-9 m. height in some places. The walls strengthened by the numerous quadrangular towers wi ...
SHEAR WALL Shear walls are vertical elements of the horizontal
... redesigning the joints between shearing and finishing members. So, that the failure modes observed in standard wall testing are virtually eliminated at lateral loads levels high enough to cause failures in standard walls RC Hollow concrete block masonry walls (RHCBM) These walls are constructed by r ...
... redesigning the joints between shearing and finishing members. So, that the failure modes observed in standard wall testing are virtually eliminated at lateral loads levels high enough to cause failures in standard walls RC Hollow concrete block masonry walls (RHCBM) These walls are constructed by r ...
- Science Publishing Corporation
... Several methods are available for the strengthening of masonry structures to withstand earthquake loading. One of the methods that increase the stiffness of the masonry structure, reduce its seismic response, without altering the original form of the walls (but only at small areas) and keeping its r ...
... Several methods are available for the strengthening of masonry structures to withstand earthquake loading. One of the methods that increase the stiffness of the masonry structure, reduce its seismic response, without altering the original form of the walls (but only at small areas) and keeping its r ...
Austrian walled towns
Walled towns in Austria started to appear in the 11th century. Their establishment was closely connected with the development of Austria as a march of the Holy Roman Empire and in particular by the Stauffenberg Emperors and their Marcher Lords, the Babenbergs. In present-day Austria, there are 106 towns or cities that were walled. The walls of Radstadt, Freiburg, Hainburg and Drosendorf survive almost intact, and Austria has some of the most impressive walled towns in Europe. Other cities or towns such as Vienna, Salzburg and St Pölten have had their defences almost completely obliterated. In Austria, the procedure for granting civic status or creating a Stadt was relatively simple. Initially, a local lord or official ministerialis could petition for market rights or Marktrect. At that point, the town would be laid out by a surveyor and it would have been surrounded by an earthen-banked enclosure surmounted with a vertical wooden palisade. Often a stone gatehouse or Tor would be built for the collection of custom dues from traders coming to the market. When a town was granted a charter or borough status (Stadtrect), in most cases, a wall was being built, or provision for its construction and financing were included in the charter.