The Effectiveness of the State Coincident Indexes
... long-run trend of the coincident index; average hours worked in manufacturing has large revisions but the variable accounts for only a small share of the index movements. The two most influential revisions come from employment and the unemployment rate. This result has often been cited anecdotally, ...
... long-run trend of the coincident index; average hours worked in manufacturing has large revisions but the variable accounts for only a small share of the index movements. The two most influential revisions come from employment and the unemployment rate. This result has often been cited anecdotally, ...
Austerity and Anarchy: Budget Cuts and Social Unrest in Europe
... period 1937-1995, Voth (2011) explores related issues for the case of Latin America. He finds that austerity and unrest are tightly linked in a majority of cases.8 Martin and Gabay (2012) analyze fiscal protests in a set of European countries after 1980, and argue that incompatibilities between tax ...
... period 1937-1995, Voth (2011) explores related issues for the case of Latin America. He finds that austerity and unrest are tightly linked in a majority of cases.8 Martin and Gabay (2012) analyze fiscal protests in a set of European countries after 1980, and argue that incompatibilities between tax ...
- TestbankU
... 22) A furniture maker used to buy its wood, but has now bought the lumber company. How does this impact GDP? A) It reduces it. B) It does not change. C) It increases it. D) We cannot tell. Answer: B Question Status: Previous Edition 23) Value added is equal to the value of a firm's production minus ...
... 22) A furniture maker used to buy its wood, but has now bought the lumber company. How does this impact GDP? A) It reduces it. B) It does not change. C) It increases it. D) We cannot tell. Answer: B Question Status: Previous Edition 23) Value added is equal to the value of a firm's production minus ...
Text Appendices C,D,E and F - Groningen Growth and Development
... The annual GDP levels shown in Tables 3a to 3f of this appendix were derived by merging the GDP indices from appendix B with the 1990 benchmark values of GDP levels. The latter are corrected for differences in the purchasing power parities (PPPs) of currencies. When international comparisons of perf ...
... The annual GDP levels shown in Tables 3a to 3f of this appendix were derived by merging the GDP indices from appendix B with the 1990 benchmark values of GDP levels. The latter are corrected for differences in the purchasing power parities (PPPs) of currencies. When international comparisons of perf ...
FREE Sample Here
... 22) A furniture maker used to buy its wood, but has now bought the lumber company. How does this impact GDP? A) It reduces it. B) It does not change. C) It increases it. D) We cannot tell. Answer: B Question Status: Previous Edition 23) Value added is equal to the value of a firm's production minus ...
... 22) A furniture maker used to buy its wood, but has now bought the lumber company. How does this impact GDP? A) It reduces it. B) It does not change. C) It increases it. D) We cannot tell. Answer: B Question Status: Previous Edition 23) Value added is equal to the value of a firm's production minus ...
macroeconomics-4th-edition-williamson-test-bank
... 22) A furniture maker used to buy its wood, but has now bought the lumber company. How does this impact GDP? A) It reduces it. B) It does not change. C) It increases it. D) We cannot tell. Answer: B Question Status: Previous Edition 23) Value added is equal to the value of a firm's production minus ...
... 22) A furniture maker used to buy its wood, but has now bought the lumber company. How does this impact GDP? A) It reduces it. B) It does not change. C) It increases it. D) We cannot tell. Answer: B Question Status: Previous Edition 23) Value added is equal to the value of a firm's production minus ...
Measuring the Wealth of Nations
... By 2011, China’s economy clocked in at about $6 trillion, passing Japan’s to become the second largest economy in the world. Rapid economic growth can create jobs, reduce poverty, and improve standards of living. In China, the fraction of the population living below the international poverty line ($ ...
... By 2011, China’s economy clocked in at about $6 trillion, passing Japan’s to become the second largest economy in the world. Rapid economic growth can create jobs, reduce poverty, and improve standards of living. In China, the fraction of the population living below the international poverty line ($ ...
Chapter 24 - Measuring the Wealth of Nations
... By 2011, China’s economy clocked in at about $6 trillion, passing Japan’s to become the second largest economy in the world. Rapid economic growth can create jobs, reduce poverty, and improve standards of living. In China, the fraction of the population living below the international poverty line ($ ...
... By 2011, China’s economy clocked in at about $6 trillion, passing Japan’s to become the second largest economy in the world. Rapid economic growth can create jobs, reduce poverty, and improve standards of living. In China, the fraction of the population living below the international poverty line ($ ...
Sample Chapter 2 (PDF, 28 Pages
... Bank. Toyota is a Japanese company that produces cars in Canada. Canadian GDP includes the value of those cars. The TD Bank, which is a Canadian company, has a large presence in the United States. The value of its services provided abroad is not included in Canadian GDP. They are included in U.S. GD ...
... Bank. Toyota is a Japanese company that produces cars in Canada. Canadian GDP includes the value of those cars. The TD Bank, which is a Canadian company, has a large presence in the United States. The value of its services provided abroad is not included in Canadian GDP. They are included in U.S. GD ...
Preview Sample 1
... 22) A furniture maker used to buy its wood, but has now bought the lumber company. How does this impact GDP? A) It reduces it. B) It does not change. C) It increases it. D) We cannot tell. Answer: B Question Status: Previous Edition 23) Value added is equal to the value of a firm's production minus ...
... 22) A furniture maker used to buy its wood, but has now bought the lumber company. How does this impact GDP? A) It reduces it. B) It does not change. C) It increases it. D) We cannot tell. Answer: B Question Status: Previous Edition 23) Value added is equal to the value of a firm's production minus ...
Potential GDP Estimation for Romania
... Economic growth displays irregular fluctuations along business cycles, periods of economic expansion alternating with those of stagnation. The fact that economies have a central longterm growth tendency has prompted economists to formulate the concept of potential GDP, whose long-term growth rate is ...
... Economic growth displays irregular fluctuations along business cycles, periods of economic expansion alternating with those of stagnation. The fact that economies have a central longterm growth tendency has prompted economists to formulate the concept of potential GDP, whose long-term growth rate is ...
Macro Module 6 Macroeconomic Measures of
... // Content page -‐ Reading: Macroeconomic Perspective, Policy Implications of the Neoclassical Perspective // Removed 10/29/2015 ...
... // Content page -‐ Reading: Macroeconomic Perspective, Policy Implications of the Neoclassical Perspective // Removed 10/29/2015 ...
Gross Domestic Product Preliminary Estimate, Quarter 3 (July to Sept)
... Change in GDP is the main indicator of economic growth. The preliminary estimate of GDP is based solely on the output approach to measuring GDP and uses the same data that feed into the Index of Services, Index of Production and Output in the Construction Industry datasets. The growth estimates with ...
... Change in GDP is the main indicator of economic growth. The preliminary estimate of GDP is based solely on the output approach to measuring GDP and uses the same data that feed into the Index of Services, Index of Production and Output in the Construction Industry datasets. The growth estimates with ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES INCENTIVES AND OUTCOMES: CHINA’S ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY Jing Wu
... competition between sub-national governments to produce tangible evidence of economic development at all levels of the management hierarchy. This competition is thought to take place within China’s highly decentralized fiscal expenditure system. The World Bank’s (2012) China 2030 report states that ...
... competition between sub-national governments to produce tangible evidence of economic development at all levels of the management hierarchy. This competition is thought to take place within China’s highly decentralized fiscal expenditure system. The World Bank’s (2012) China 2030 report states that ...
The Link between e-Waste and GDP—New Insights
... economic elasticity exists for e-waste. Furthermore, the results show that the economic elasticity is revealed when using nominal GDP for the analysis, and when alternatively using GDP PPP (referring to purchasing power parity). The findings further indicate that for assessing e-waste, GDP PPP is in ...
... economic elasticity exists for e-waste. Furthermore, the results show that the economic elasticity is revealed when using nominal GDP for the analysis, and when alternatively using GDP PPP (referring to purchasing power parity). The findings further indicate that for assessing e-waste, GDP PPP is in ...
GDP growth rate and population
... n and n+1) undergo a constant absolute growth by p persons every year, then the corresponding ratio will be of a(n+m)/a(n+1+m) ≈1+r(1-mp/a(n)) in m years, where r is the initial ratio. If the absolute growth mp<
... n and n+1) undergo a constant absolute growth by p persons every year, then the corresponding ratio will be of a(n+m)/a(n+1+m) ≈1+r(1-mp/a(n)) in m years, where r is the initial ratio. If the absolute growth mp<
GDP growth rate and population
... n and n+1) undergo a constant absolute growth by p persons every year, then the corresponding ratio will be of a(n+m)/a(n+1+m) ≈1+r(1-mp/a(n)) in m years, where r is the initial ratio. If the absolute growth mp<
... n and n+1) undergo a constant absolute growth by p persons every year, then the corresponding ratio will be of a(n+m)/a(n+1+m) ≈1+r(1-mp/a(n)) in m years, where r is the initial ratio. If the absolute growth mp<
EN EN 1. Introduction Regulation (EU) No 473/2013 of the
... their main components. This information is contained in table 4a of the Annex. Bearing in mind the conditions and criteria to establish the expenditure growth to be assessed in accordance with Article 5(1) of Regulation No 1466/97, which defines an expenditure benchmark, the DBP also presents the p ...
... their main components. This information is contained in table 4a of the Annex. Bearing in mind the conditions and criteria to establish the expenditure growth to be assessed in accordance with Article 5(1) of Regulation No 1466/97, which defines an expenditure benchmark, the DBP also presents the p ...
Principles of Economics, Case and Fair,9e
... Expenditures by consumers on goods and services. durable goods Goods that last a relatively long time, such as cars and household appliances. nondurable goods Goods that are used up fairly quickly, such as food and clothing. services The things we buy that do not involve the production of physical t ...
... Expenditures by consumers on goods and services. durable goods Goods that last a relatively long time, such as cars and household appliances. nondurable goods Goods that are used up fairly quickly, such as food and clothing. services The things we buy that do not involve the production of physical t ...
commission opinion
... reference level, the Commission initiated an excessive deficit procedure with the Article 104.3 report prepared in April 2004[4] However, since the then assessment was that the excess of the deficit over 3% of GDP was small and likely to be temporary, the deficit was not judged to be excessive. Acco ...
... reference level, the Commission initiated an excessive deficit procedure with the Article 104.3 report prepared in April 2004[4] However, since the then assessment was that the excess of the deficit over 3% of GDP was small and likely to be temporary, the deficit was not judged to be excessive. Acco ...
Economic Integration, Industrial Specialization, and the
... ownership is most prevalent. At the 1-digit level, production patterns are determined to a large extent by exogenous circumstances, most notably the existence of natural resources such as oil, minerals, or fertile land. However, cross-border insurance should have an impact on specialization even at ...
... ownership is most prevalent. At the 1-digit level, production patterns are determined to a large extent by exogenous circumstances, most notably the existence of natural resources such as oil, minerals, or fertile land. However, cross-border insurance should have an impact on specialization even at ...
Full text - Toulouse School of Economics
... inconsistencies in the empirical research, these values must be extrapolated from studies of other populations that differ in significant respects. The CIH starts with an estimate of the value per statistical life (VSL), which represents a population average of individuals’ marginal rates of substi ...
... inconsistencies in the empirical research, these values must be extrapolated from studies of other populations that differ in significant respects. The CIH starts with an estimate of the value per statistical life (VSL), which represents a population average of individuals’ marginal rates of substi ...
Terms-of-Trade Changes, Real GDP, and Real Value Added in the
... produced during a given period of time. Nominal GDP can also be interpreted as the country’s nominal gross domestic income (GDI) or its nominal domestic value added. Nominal GDP can be measured by looking at the expenditure side. Let it be assumed that gross output can be disaggregated into two com ...
... produced during a given period of time. Nominal GDP can also be interpreted as the country’s nominal gross domestic income (GDI) or its nominal domestic value added. Nominal GDP can be measured by looking at the expenditure side. Let it be assumed that gross output can be disaggregated into two com ...
M x V = Spending
... illustrated by the sweatshirt production example, deriving this total yields the same result as tallying the dollar amounts of all final goods and services produced in the economy. As an economic indicator, GDP by itself doesn't reveal very much about economic activity because it doesn't account for ...
... illustrated by the sweatshirt production example, deriving this total yields the same result as tallying the dollar amounts of all final goods and services produced in the economy. As an economic indicator, GDP by itself doesn't reveal very much about economic activity because it doesn't account for ...
National income
... accounts are data collected and published by the government describing the various components of national income and output in the economy. • The Department of Commerce is responsible for producing and maintaining the “National Income and Product Accounts” that keep track of GDP. © 2002 Prentice Hal ...
... accounts are data collected and published by the government describing the various components of national income and output in the economy. • The Department of Commerce is responsible for producing and maintaining the “National Income and Product Accounts” that keep track of GDP. © 2002 Prentice Hal ...
Genuine progress indicator
Genuine progress indicator, or GPI, is a metric that has been suggested to replace, or supplement, gross domestic product (GDP) as a measure of economic growth. GPI is designed to take fuller account of the health of a nation's economy by incorporating environmental and social factors which are not measured by GDP. For instance, some models of GPI decrease in value when the poverty rate increases. The GPI is used in green economics, sustainability and more inclusive types of economics by factoring in environmental and carbon footprints that businesses produce or eliminate. ""Among the indicators factored into GPI are resource depletion, pollution, and long-term environmental damage."" GDP gains double the amount when pollution is created, since it increases once upon creation (as a side-effect of some valuable process) and again when the pollution is cleaned up, whereas GPI counts the initial pollution as a loss rather than a gain, generally equal to the amount it will cost to clean up later plus the cost of any negative impact the pollution will have in the mean time. While quantifying costs and benefits of these environmental and social externalities is a difficult task, ""Earthster-type databases could bring more precision and currency to GPI's metrics."" ""Another movement in economics that might embrace such data is the attempt to 'internalize externalities' - that is, to make companies bear the costs"" of the pollution they create (rather than having the government bear that cost) ""by taxing their goods proportionally to their negative eco-impacts.""GPI is an attempt to measure whether the environmental impact and social costs of economic production and consumption in a country is a negative or positive factor in overall health and well-being. By accounting for the costs borne by the society as a whole to repair or control pollution, poverty and prosperity GPI balances GDP spending against external costs. GPI advocates claim that it can more reliably measure economic progress, as it distinguishes between the overall ""shift in the 'value basis' of a product, adding its ecological impacts into the equation.""(Ch. 10.3)Comparatively speaking, the relationship between GDP and GPI is analogous to the relationship between the gross profit of a company and the net profit; the Net Profit is the Gross Profit minus the costs incurred; the GPI is the GDP (value of all goods and services produced) minus the environmental and social costs. Accordingly, the GPI will be zero if the financial costs of poverty and pollution equal the financial gains in production of goods and services, all other factors being constant.