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edc unit 4 transistor biasing
edc unit 4 transistor biasing

... operated in active region. That means an operating point has to be established in this region . To establish an operating point (proper values of collector current Ic and collector to emitter voltage VCE) appropriate supply voltages and resistances must be suitably chosen in the ckt. This process of ...
LS7362 - LSI CSI
LS7362 - LSI CSI

... of low-side drivers for motor speed control is accomplished through the VTRIP input (Analog speed control) in conjunction with the OSCILLATOR input. Over-current circuitry is provided to protect the windings, associated drivers, and power supply. The LS7362 circuitry causes the external output drive ...
Application Note 1724 LM5015 Isolated Two-Switch DC
Application Note 1724 LM5015 Isolated Two-Switch DC

... damage by errant connections. A resistive load is optimal, but an appropriate electronic load is acceptable. The maximum load current is 3A. Exceeding this current will cause the LM5015 to enter cycle-by-cycle peak current limit mode, and the output voltage will fall below the regulated 5V. Current ...
The Single Ended Output Stage
The Single Ended Output Stage

a +5 V Fixed, Adjustable Low-Dropout Linear Voltage Regulator ADP3367*
a +5 V Fixed, Adjustable Low-Dropout Linear Voltage Regulator ADP3367*

... can be adjusted from +1.3 V to +16 V using two external resistors. Fixed or adjustable operation can be selected via the SET input. The low quiescent current (17 µA) in conjunction with the standby or shutdown mode (0.2 µA) makes this device especially suitable for battery powered systems. The dropo ...
MAX4505 Fault-Protected, High-Voltage, Signal-Line Protector General Description
MAX4505 Fault-Protected, High-Voltage, Signal-Line Protector General Description

... The MAX4505 is a single signal-line protector featuring a fault-protected input and Rail-to-Rail® signal handling capability. The input is protected from overvoltage faults up to ±36V with power on or ±40V with power off. During a fault condition, the input terminal becomes an open circuit and only ...
Nonlinear Dynamics of Josephson Junctions
Nonlinear Dynamics of Josephson Junctions

... Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to examine the behavior of Josephson Junctions using nonlinear methods. A brief historical explanation of superconductivity is provided for the reader, and then no time is wasted as the concept of Cooper pairs is described with some mathematical derivation. The ...
Flexible and Low Power Driving of Solenoid Coils - iC-Haus
Flexible and Low Power Driving of Solenoid Coils - iC-Haus

... Flexible and Low Power Driving of Solenoid Coils In many microcontroller applications inductive loads, such as monostable or bistable relays, valves, or lifting solenoids must be operated from supply voltages that are above the output level. Specifically in industrial applications they can often be ...
5.2.2 Digital to Analogue Converters Word Document | GCE
5.2.2 Digital to Analogue Converters Word Document | GCE

... must have a gain of 2G, the next input a gain of 4G, and so on. In DAC circuits based on the summing amplifier, this is achieved by successively reducing the size of the input resistor. When the lsb input resistor is R, the next input resistor will be R/2, the next R/4 and so on. The design is based ...
Op-Amps
Op-Amps

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Basic Laws Here we explore two fundamental laws that govern

... Important rule: Measure the resistance only when the element is disconnected from circuits. Ammeter: connected in series with an element to measure current flowing through that element. Since an ideal ammeter should not restrict the flow of current, (i.e., cause a voltage drop), an ideal ammeter has ...
AND8303/D Generating a 1.2 V Voltage Supply using the NCP102
AND8303/D Generating a 1.2 V Voltage Supply using the NCP102

Appendix A: Schematic Symbols
Appendix A: Schematic Symbols

... 5. The voltage follower (or emitter follower) is a circuit that has a voltage gain of unity. 6. A comparator is a circuit that has two output states, usually rail-to-rail operation. 7. An inverting amplifier is an amplifier that flips the output waveform phase 180 degrees. 8. The Darlington pair is ...
2SC3838K
2SC3838K

KS4 Electricty - Resistance, Power and Energy
KS4 Electricty - Resistance, Power and Energy

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Chapter 1 Introduction to Electronics

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CHAPTER 13 OUTPUT STAGES AND POWER AMPLIFIERS

...  The power conversion efficiency is defined as   PL(load power) /PS(supply power) ...
L6452
L6452

... Print Head Block Diagram (Figure 5.) At first we have a constant current source, which can be disabled by an external pin (OnEnable) or by a control register, described later. The value of the current can be programmed by an external resistor, and is given by: V ref ⋅ 4 I CCS = --------------------2 ...
DATA  SHEET BFQ18A NPN 4 GHz wideband transistor September 1995
DATA SHEET BFQ18A NPN 4 GHz wideband transistor September 1995

... more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics sections of the specification is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods ...
Electrical - Ohmn`s Law
Electrical - Ohmn`s Law

AND9094 - NCL30002 High Power Factor Buck
AND9094 - NCL30002 High Power Factor Buck

Kirchhoff`s Laws - cie
Kirchhoff`s Laws - cie

... • The second law is Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law that states, the algebraic sum of all voltages around a closed loop equals zero. • A loop is a path so a closed loop is a closed path or complete electronic circuit. • As current passes through a resistor then a voltage is produced. • Current enters the ne ...
octal general-purpose interface bus transceiver
octal general-purpose interface bus transceiver

LV8402V - ON Semiconductor
LV8402V - ON Semiconductor

Semiconductors VBPS
Semiconductors VBPS

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Wilson current mirror



A Wilson current mirror is a three-terminal circuit (Fig. 1) that accepts an input current at the input terminal and provides a ""mirrored"" current source or sink output at the output terminal. The mirrored current is a precise copy of the input current. It may be used as a Wilson current source by applying a constant bias current to the input branch as in Fig. 2. The circuit is named after George R. Wilson, an integrated circuit design engineer who worked for Tektronix. Wilson devised this configuration in 1967 when he and Barrie Gilbert challenged each other to find an improved current mirror overnight that would use only three transistors. Wilson won the challenge.
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