Chapter 22 The Lymphatic System, Nonspecific Resistance to
... Natural killer cells and Phagocytosis Inflammation Fever ...
... Natural killer cells and Phagocytosis Inflammation Fever ...
Regions of the Respiratory Tract Airfl ow through the respiratory
... Th e last seven generations form the respiratory zones where gas exchange occurs . It made up of transitional and respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli . Th e alveoli are lined by two types of epithelial cells. 1- Type I cells are fl at cells with large cytoplasmic extensions and are ...
... Th e last seven generations form the respiratory zones where gas exchange occurs . It made up of transitional and respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli . Th e alveoli are lined by two types of epithelial cells. 1- Type I cells are fl at cells with large cytoplasmic extensions and are ...
Activity 2 - Web Adventures
... that travel around the circulatory system gobbling up and digesting debris, pathogens, infected or worn out cells. Some phagocytes migrate to the lungs and certain other organs where they enlarge into macrophages (“big eaters”). Each of these cells is capable of consuming more than 100 bacteria befo ...
... that travel around the circulatory system gobbling up and digesting debris, pathogens, infected or worn out cells. Some phagocytes migrate to the lungs and certain other organs where they enlarge into macrophages (“big eaters”). Each of these cells is capable of consuming more than 100 bacteria befo ...
Concepts of cancer immunotherapy
... • Oncofetal antigens are proteins that are expressed at high levels on cancer cells and in normal developing (fetal) tissues. • Amounts of these proteins are increased in tissues and in the circulation in various inflammatory conditions, and they are even found in small quantities in normal tissues. ...
... • Oncofetal antigens are proteins that are expressed at high levels on cancer cells and in normal developing (fetal) tissues. • Amounts of these proteins are increased in tissues and in the circulation in various inflammatory conditions, and they are even found in small quantities in normal tissues. ...
Cell Mediated Immunity
... Problem: The differentiation of naive CD8+ T cells to functional CTLs requires the recognition of class I MHC-associated peptides (“signal 1”) and costimulators and/or cytokines (“signal 2”) normally only present on professional antigen presenting cells. Solution: cross priming- a mechanism to e ...
... Problem: The differentiation of naive CD8+ T cells to functional CTLs requires the recognition of class I MHC-associated peptides (“signal 1”) and costimulators and/or cytokines (“signal 2”) normally only present on professional antigen presenting cells. Solution: cross priming- a mechanism to e ...
The MHIRT Newsletter-Week 3: June 11-17, 2015
... MHIRT 2015 students are becoming comfortable with working in overseas laboratories and living abroad. Maya’s weekly update revealed that “Every MHIRT student has been absorbed in their work and has little time in the week for anything but sleep and further study for tomorrow’s work. We hardly see on ...
... MHIRT 2015 students are becoming comfortable with working in overseas laboratories and living abroad. Maya’s weekly update revealed that “Every MHIRT student has been absorbed in their work and has little time in the week for anything but sleep and further study for tomorrow’s work. We hardly see on ...
The Lymphatic System
... – Prod macrophages to become activated macrophages, which are insatiable phagocytes that secrete bactericidal chemicals ...
... – Prod macrophages to become activated macrophages, which are insatiable phagocytes that secrete bactericidal chemicals ...
link to lecture - Welcome to brd4.braude.ac.il!
... Complex coacervation is a mild process that does not damage the bioactivity of cytokines, antigens or peptides. Ge/CS MS are biodegradable and can be digested by proteases in the extracellular matrix and in the lysosomes of professional APC. ...
... Complex coacervation is a mild process that does not damage the bioactivity of cytokines, antigens or peptides. Ge/CS MS are biodegradable and can be digested by proteases in the extracellular matrix and in the lysosomes of professional APC. ...
Antibodies - INAYA Medical College
... Acetic acid - Acid Citrate dextrose - Molecular weight - Rhesus ...
... Acetic acid - Acid Citrate dextrose - Molecular weight - Rhesus ...
Cellular Components of the Immune Response
... What happens if damaged cells are not destroyed? What happens if Apoptosis is not invoked? Bcl-2 gene up-regulation in leucocytes leads to leukemia. (Strong inhibition of Apoptosis) FAS Gene or Caspase Genes down-regulated or lost in cells leads to leukemia and other cancer. (Failure to initiate or ...
... What happens if damaged cells are not destroyed? What happens if Apoptosis is not invoked? Bcl-2 gene up-regulation in leucocytes leads to leukemia. (Strong inhibition of Apoptosis) FAS Gene or Caspase Genes down-regulated or lost in cells leads to leukemia and other cancer. (Failure to initiate or ...
The Human Immune System
... A B-cell recognizes the pathogen’s antigen The B-cell is activated by the T-cell and becomes a plasma cell The plasma cell makes antibodies The antibodies capture the pathogen and ...
... A B-cell recognizes the pathogen’s antigen The B-cell is activated by the T-cell and becomes a plasma cell The plasma cell makes antibodies The antibodies capture the pathogen and ...
Lecture 26. Prevention and Control -
... because it provokes no symptoms. •However, it does re-stimulate and fine tune the immune response. •Years later, memory B- and T-cells can become reactivated upon infection, protecting the individual from disease ...
... because it provokes no symptoms. •However, it does re-stimulate and fine tune the immune response. •Years later, memory B- and T-cells can become reactivated upon infection, protecting the individual from disease ...
Host Defense Mechanisms – Adaptive or Acquired Immunity
... Antigens associated with microorganisms entering the body through various means are called exogenous antigens. Human cells also have chemically defined groups associated with their surfaces, and many of these can act as antigens if cells from one individual are transferred to another. These would a ...
... Antigens associated with microorganisms entering the body through various means are called exogenous antigens. Human cells also have chemically defined groups associated with their surfaces, and many of these can act as antigens if cells from one individual are transferred to another. These would a ...
Current vaccine approach (2)
... Problem with current approach • Certain proteins of the influenza virus mutate from year to year, particularly those on the surface, therefore, memory antibodies developed from prior years’ exposure are ineffective in dealing with the current year’s virus ...
... Problem with current approach • Certain proteins of the influenza virus mutate from year to year, particularly those on the surface, therefore, memory antibodies developed from prior years’ exposure are ineffective in dealing with the current year’s virus ...
Document
... Degree of foreignness • Autologous – are found within the same individual (e.g. a skin graft from an individual’s thigh to his chest); that is, they are not foreign • Syngeneic – are found in genetically identical individuals (e.g. identical twins); that is, they are not foreign • Allogeneic (alloa ...
... Degree of foreignness • Autologous – are found within the same individual (e.g. a skin graft from an individual’s thigh to his chest); that is, they are not foreign • Syngeneic – are found in genetically identical individuals (e.g. identical twins); that is, they are not foreign • Allogeneic (alloa ...
Autoimmune disease
... Non organ- specific (systemic) • Widespread self-anti• Autoimmune attack vs. gens are targets for self-antigens of given autoimmune attack organ • It results in a damage of • Damage affects such structures as blood organ structure and vessels, cell nuclei etc. function • Treatment is focused on • Tr ...
... Non organ- specific (systemic) • Widespread self-anti• Autoimmune attack vs. gens are targets for self-antigens of given autoimmune attack organ • It results in a damage of • Damage affects such structures as blood organ structure and vessels, cell nuclei etc. function • Treatment is focused on • Tr ...
Immunol-mol-med-3
... • Importance of lymphocytes in immune system • Identification of T and B cells • How these cells bind antigen - receptors • How cells become activated • The involvement of MHC molecules in T cell function ...
... • Importance of lymphocytes in immune system • Identification of T and B cells • How these cells bind antigen - receptors • How cells become activated • The involvement of MHC molecules in T cell function ...
CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY (T * CELL)
... • Assist other white blood cells in immunologic processes, including: - maturation of B-cell into plasma cell - activation of cytotoxic T cells and microphage, among other functions. • These cells are also known as CD4+ T cells because they express the CD4+ glycoprotein on their surface. ...
... • Assist other white blood cells in immunologic processes, including: - maturation of B-cell into plasma cell - activation of cytotoxic T cells and microphage, among other functions. • These cells are also known as CD4+ T cells because they express the CD4+ glycoprotein on their surface. ...
Immune system
The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease. To function properly, an immune system must detect a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens, from viruses to parasitic worms, and distinguish them from the organism's own healthy tissue. In many species, the immune system can be classified into subsystems, such as the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity.Pathogens can rapidly evolve and adapt, and thereby avoid detection and neutralization by the immune system; however, multiple defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens. Even simple unicellular organisms such as bacteria possess a rudimentary immune system, in the form of enzymes that protect against bacteriophage infections. Other basic immune mechanisms evolved in ancient eukaryotes and remain in their modern descendants, such as plants and insects. These mechanisms include phagocytosis, antimicrobial peptides called defensins, and the complement system. Jawed vertebrates, including humans, have even more sophisticated defense mechanisms, including the ability to adapt over time to recognize specific pathogens more efficiently. Adaptive (or acquired) immunity creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, leading to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that same pathogen. This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination.Disorders of the immune system can result in autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases and cancer.Immunodeficiency occurs when the immune system is less active than normal, resulting in recurring and life-threatening infections. In humans, immunodeficiency can either be the result of a genetic disease such as severe combined immunodeficiency, acquired conditions such as HIV/AIDS, or the use of immunosuppressive medication. In contrast, autoimmunity results from a hyperactive immune system attacking normal tissues as if they were foreign organisms. Common autoimmune diseases include Hashimoto's thyroiditis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus type 1, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunology covers the study of all aspects of the immune system.