C O M M E N TA RY
... The disproportionate increase in oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) compared with systemic and vaginal candidiasis in female patients with AIDS has been a paradox for almost three decades. New data now show that severe OPC develops in Th17-deficient mice, but not Th1-deficient mice, implicating Th17-in ...
... The disproportionate increase in oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) compared with systemic and vaginal candidiasis in female patients with AIDS has been a paradox for almost three decades. New data now show that severe OPC develops in Th17-deficient mice, but not Th1-deficient mice, implicating Th17-in ...
N-terminus of M2 protein could induce antibodies with inhibitory
... et al. [11] produced a bispeci¢c antibody (3F12) binding M2e and T cell receptor, and this bispeci¢c antibody could redirect activated T cells to kill cells infected with in£uenza virus and inhibit virus replication in vitro. However, information on the immunogenicity of M2e is still scarce. To broa ...
... et al. [11] produced a bispeci¢c antibody (3F12) binding M2e and T cell receptor, and this bispeci¢c antibody could redirect activated T cells to kill cells infected with in£uenza virus and inhibit virus replication in vitro. However, information on the immunogenicity of M2e is still scarce. To broa ...
Cancer Immunotherapy - British Society for Immunology
... will kill most of the tumour cells, but leave the variants that have been able to hide from or suppress the immune system. Eventually, these resistant tumour cells will develop into a clinically apparent tumour. What is cancer immunotherapy? The aim of cancer immunotherapy is to reawaken or “reboot” ...
... will kill most of the tumour cells, but leave the variants that have been able to hide from or suppress the immune system. Eventually, these resistant tumour cells will develop into a clinically apparent tumour. What is cancer immunotherapy? The aim of cancer immunotherapy is to reawaken or “reboot” ...
Methods. Anti-LFA-1 mAb was used in a multiple minor
... transplantation, as conventional immuosuppression regimens which are mostly based on nephrotoxic calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs), may contribute to chronic rejection. ...
... transplantation, as conventional immuosuppression regimens which are mostly based on nephrotoxic calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs), may contribute to chronic rejection. ...
Basophils
... mononuclear cells. Basophil differentiation from myeloid progenitors is driven by IL-3 and their expression of IL-3R α chain (also known as CDw123) enables them to be distinguished from mast cells. Basophils make up less than 1% of leukocytes in humans but they are the only circulating leukocytes th ...
... mononuclear cells. Basophil differentiation from myeloid progenitors is driven by IL-3 and their expression of IL-3R α chain (also known as CDw123) enables them to be distinguished from mast cells. Basophils make up less than 1% of leukocytes in humans but they are the only circulating leukocytes th ...
Immune activation and Immunopathology of the HIV infection
... infection: the vicious circle – What’s new ? – Current issues: • Sources of immune activation? • Consequences of immune activation and cardiovascular alterations • Markers of immune activation • Benefits of ART? ...
... infection: the vicious circle – What’s new ? – Current issues: • Sources of immune activation? • Consequences of immune activation and cardiovascular alterations • Markers of immune activation • Benefits of ART? ...
Kinetics of tumor-specific T-cell response development after active
... fortunately, few vaccine studies to date have been conducted in such a manner and as such the optimal timing for evaluation of the immune response is not well defined. Furthermore, very little data exist on the frequency and magnitude of an immune response in the post-vaccination setting once active ...
... fortunately, few vaccine studies to date have been conducted in such a manner and as such the optimal timing for evaluation of the immune response is not well defined. Furthermore, very little data exist on the frequency and magnitude of an immune response in the post-vaccination setting once active ...
28.7 brief comms MH
... can change adaptively in response to experience, for example to redress specific nutrient deficiencies1. We show here, in two species of caterpillar, that infection by lethal parasites alters the taste of specific phytochemicals for the larvae. Given that these compounds are toxic to the parasites a ...
... can change adaptively in response to experience, for example to redress specific nutrient deficiencies1. We show here, in two species of caterpillar, that infection by lethal parasites alters the taste of specific phytochemicals for the larvae. Given that these compounds are toxic to the parasites a ...
Document
... mononuclear cells. Basophil differentiation from myeloid progenitors is driven by IL-3 and their expression of IL-3R α chain (also known as CDw123) enables them to be distinguished from mast cells. Basophils make up less than 1% of leukocytes in humans but they are the only circulating leukocytes th ...
... mononuclear cells. Basophil differentiation from myeloid progenitors is driven by IL-3 and their expression of IL-3R α chain (also known as CDw123) enables them to be distinguished from mast cells. Basophils make up less than 1% of leukocytes in humans but they are the only circulating leukocytes th ...
Chapter 5
... Recent therapeutic advances are turning cancer into a more chronic disease. With patients being treated on and off with cytotoxic drugs in order to control metastasis, the effects of such treatment on the immune system in the long run should be considered. Safeguarding the immune competence of cance ...
... Recent therapeutic advances are turning cancer into a more chronic disease. With patients being treated on and off with cytotoxic drugs in order to control metastasis, the effects of such treatment on the immune system in the long run should be considered. Safeguarding the immune competence of cance ...
PDF （522KB）
... TLRs, extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) derived from the microbiota can also induce Th17 cells13). Therefore, it is likely that several signaling events can contribute to the accumulation of Th17 cells in the intestine. ...
... TLRs, extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) derived from the microbiota can also induce Th17 cells13). Therefore, it is likely that several signaling events can contribute to the accumulation of Th17 cells in the intestine. ...
Commensal-Specific CD4+ Cells From Patients
... been found to support the existence of a T-cell response toward bacterial antigens in CD patients.16 It generally is accepted that T cells, and more specifically CD4þ T cells, play a pathogenic role in CD because they heavily infiltrate involved areas of the intestinal mucosa and extensive data from e ...
... been found to support the existence of a T-cell response toward bacterial antigens in CD patients.16 It generally is accepted that T cells, and more specifically CD4þ T cells, play a pathogenic role in CD because they heavily infiltrate involved areas of the intestinal mucosa and extensive data from e ...
Natural killer cell receptors: new biology and
... Two distinct subsets of human NK cells are identified according to cell surface density of CD56 expression as recently reviewed elsewhere.10 The majority (90%) of human NK cells are CD56dim and express high levels of CD16, whereas a minority (10%) is CD56bright and CD16dim/neg. These NK subsets are ...
... Two distinct subsets of human NK cells are identified according to cell surface density of CD56 expression as recently reviewed elsewhere.10 The majority (90%) of human NK cells are CD56dim and express high levels of CD16, whereas a minority (10%) is CD56bright and CD16dim/neg. These NK subsets are ...
a case of hashimoto`s thyroiditis with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia
... red cells is able to activate complement (C). As a result, a large amount of membrane attack complex will form, and the red cells may be destroyed directly; this is known as intravascular hemolysis. Thus due to abnormal immune response, which may be both cell-mediated and antibody mediated, due to s ...
... red cells is able to activate complement (C). As a result, a large amount of membrane attack complex will form, and the red cells may be destroyed directly; this is known as intravascular hemolysis. Thus due to abnormal immune response, which may be both cell-mediated and antibody mediated, due to s ...
The role of intestinal microbiota and the immune system
... specialized IELs and other immunologically active cells present in the mucosa. Cells of innate immunity are able to produce cytokines essential for inflammatory reactions as well as factors critical for the subsequent initiation of specific immunity. The contact with bacteria and their components th ...
... specialized IELs and other immunologically active cells present in the mucosa. Cells of innate immunity are able to produce cytokines essential for inflammatory reactions as well as factors critical for the subsequent initiation of specific immunity. The contact with bacteria and their components th ...
Short-Lived IFN-c Effector Responses, but Long-Lived IL
... Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom, 3 Vector Borne Disease Section, Office of Disease Prevention and Control, Chiang ...
... Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom, 3 Vector Borne Disease Section, Office of Disease Prevention and Control, Chiang ...
Tumor Hybrid Cells: An Immunotherapeutic Agent 1,2
... been selected. These cells can produce tumors in sublethally irradiated mice of the parental tumor strain (26). If the hybrid tumor cells gave rise to tumors in normal adult animals, the usefulness of the hybrid cells as immunotherapeutic agents would be limited. No adult F1 or C57BL/6 mice develope ...
... been selected. These cells can produce tumors in sublethally irradiated mice of the parental tumor strain (26). If the hybrid tumor cells gave rise to tumors in normal adult animals, the usefulness of the hybrid cells as immunotherapeutic agents would be limited. No adult F1 or C57BL/6 mice develope ...
Document
... Most of the lymphocytes that are not T cells are B lymphocytes (B cells). Processed in the bone marrow. Function in specific immunity. B cells combat bacterial infections as well as some viral infections by secreting antibodies into the blood and lymph. Provide humoral immunity (blood and lymph are ...
... Most of the lymphocytes that are not T cells are B lymphocytes (B cells). Processed in the bone marrow. Function in specific immunity. B cells combat bacterial infections as well as some viral infections by secreting antibodies into the blood and lymph. Provide humoral immunity (blood and lymph are ...
Immune response to fungal infections
... present early in evolution (innate immunity) to sophisticated adaptive mechanisms that are induced specifically during infection and disease (adaptive immunity). The first-line innate mechanism is the presence of physical barriers in the form of skin and mucous membranes, which is complemented by ce ...
... present early in evolution (innate immunity) to sophisticated adaptive mechanisms that are induced specifically during infection and disease (adaptive immunity). The first-line innate mechanism is the presence of physical barriers in the form of skin and mucous membranes, which is complemented by ce ...
Global Monoclonal Antibodies Pipeline Analysis Brochure
... FDA which generated annual sales of more than US$ 40 Billion. As the therapeutic mABs already play a significant part in effective medical treatment, it is most likely that their importance would increase by manyfolds in the future. There has been a continuous rise in the market for therapeutic mono ...
... FDA which generated annual sales of more than US$ 40 Billion. As the therapeutic mABs already play a significant part in effective medical treatment, it is most likely that their importance would increase by manyfolds in the future. There has been a continuous rise in the market for therapeutic mono ...
Full-Text PDF - Journal Issues
... extract of North American ginseng), was homogenized. These mice began to show hair re-growth after only 2 weeks, with complete hair re-growth by week 32 at which time they were euthanized. The absolute numbers (x106) of natural killer (NK) immune cells, and of non-NK immune cells (T/B lymphocytes) i ...
... extract of North American ginseng), was homogenized. These mice began to show hair re-growth after only 2 weeks, with complete hair re-growth by week 32 at which time they were euthanized. The absolute numbers (x106) of natural killer (NK) immune cells, and of non-NK immune cells (T/B lymphocytes) i ...
WK11-RevApopt.
... Type II cells – require mitochondrial amplification. BAX, BAK stop being inhibited by BCL-2, BCL-X and cause mitochondrial release of cytochrome c, then apoptosome forms, activates caspase 3, and commenses apoptosis (DNA fragmentation, ...
... Type II cells – require mitochondrial amplification. BAX, BAK stop being inhibited by BCL-2, BCL-X and cause mitochondrial release of cytochrome c, then apoptosome forms, activates caspase 3, and commenses apoptosis (DNA fragmentation, ...
Polyclonal B cell response
Polyclonal B cell response is a natural mode of immune response exhibited by the adaptive immune system of mammals. It ensures that a single antigen is recognized and attacked through its overlapping parts, called epitopes, by multiple clones of B cell.In the course of normal immune response, parts of pathogens (e.g. bacteria) are recognized by the immune system as foreign (non-self), and eliminated or effectively neutralized to reduce their potential damage. Such a recognizable substance is called an antigen. The immune system may respond in multiple ways to an antigen; a key feature of this response is the production of antibodies by B cells (or B lymphocytes) involving an arm of the immune system known as humoral immunity. The antibodies are soluble and do not require direct cell-to-cell contact between the pathogen and the B-cell to function.Antigens can be large and complex substances, and any single antibody can only bind to a small, specific area on the antigen. Consequently, an effective immune response often involves the production of many different antibodies by many different B cells against the same antigen. Hence the term ""polyclonal"", which derives from the words poly, meaning many, and clones (""Klon""=Greek for sprout or twig); a clone is a group of cells arising from a common ""mother"" cell. The antibodies thus produced in a polyclonal response are known as polyclonal antibodies. The heterogeneous polyclonal antibodies are distinct from monoclonal antibody molecules, which are identical and react against a single epitope only, i.e., are more specific.Although the polyclonal response confers advantages on the immune system, in particular, greater probability of reacting against pathogens, it also increases chances of developing certain autoimmune diseases resulting from the reaction of the immune system against native molecules produced within the host.