Efficacy of tocilizumab, a humanized anti-IL
... to induce Th17 cells that play major roles in RA pathogenesis [10]. IL-6 also induces the synthesis of VEGF [11] and RANK ligand [12] in synovial cells, which results in the development of synovitis with neovascularization, and finally leads to bone destruction via osteoclast formation [13]. Moreove ...
... to induce Th17 cells that play major roles in RA pathogenesis [10]. IL-6 also induces the synthesis of VEGF [11] and RANK ligand [12] in synovial cells, which results in the development of synovitis with neovascularization, and finally leads to bone destruction via osteoclast formation [13]. Moreove ...
Immunological Synapses Within Context: Patterns of Cell–Cell
... explicitly address messages, even those of “soluble” mediators so that only certain cells are activated. The “immunological synapse,” a recurring pattern of cell–cell junctions for immune-cells represents a portion of the solution for the need for explicit communication. However, as an isolated conc ...
... explicitly address messages, even those of “soluble” mediators so that only certain cells are activated. The “immunological synapse,” a recurring pattern of cell–cell junctions for immune-cells represents a portion of the solution for the need for explicit communication. However, as an isolated conc ...
- Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
... consist of more than 10 IFN-as and a single IFN-b and can induce expression of several antiviral proteins and MHC and induce DC maturation, thereby exerting a critical function in antiviral immunity. Nucleic acid TLR ligands can induce both IFN-a and IFN-b. Lipid or protein TLR ligands fail to induc ...
... consist of more than 10 IFN-as and a single IFN-b and can induce expression of several antiviral proteins and MHC and induce DC maturation, thereby exerting a critical function in antiviral immunity. Nucleic acid TLR ligands can induce both IFN-a and IFN-b. Lipid or protein TLR ligands fail to induc ...
Virus interactions with endocytic pathways in macrophages and
... allows them to not only engulf and digest invading pathogens, but also present the products on their cell surface to T lymphocytes using major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules [reviewed in 11, 13]. T cells themselves produce soluble mediators, such as interferon gamma, which activate and e ...
... allows them to not only engulf and digest invading pathogens, but also present the products on their cell surface to T lymphocytes using major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules [reviewed in 11, 13]. T cells themselves produce soluble mediators, such as interferon gamma, which activate and e ...
Document
... mouse models and human primary immune cells, her group has recently started characterizing novel innate immune responses to virus pathogens and vaccine candidates such as Ebola virus glycoprotein. ...
... mouse models and human primary immune cells, her group has recently started characterizing novel innate immune responses to virus pathogens and vaccine candidates such as Ebola virus glycoprotein. ...
Wk14-AsperLionel
... Innate immunity refers to antigen-nonspecific defense mechanisms that a host uses immediately or within several hours after exposure to almost any antigen. This is the immunity one is born with and is the initial response by the body to eliminate microbes and prevent infection. ...
... Innate immunity refers to antigen-nonspecific defense mechanisms that a host uses immediately or within several hours after exposure to almost any antigen. This is the immunity one is born with and is the initial response by the body to eliminate microbes and prevent infection. ...
Observation of Phagocytosis and Respiratory Burst in Neutrophils
... routinely release their granules in order to kill microbes extracellularly. The chemicals, however, also kill some surrounding body cells and tissues. In addition to neutrophils, other cells of the innate system are activated when a foreign cell is detected. One of these cells is the dendrite. It en ...
... routinely release their granules in order to kill microbes extracellularly. The chemicals, however, also kill some surrounding body cells and tissues. In addition to neutrophils, other cells of the innate system are activated when a foreign cell is detected. One of these cells is the dendrite. It en ...
Mechanisms of Disease: the role of intestinal barrier
... a barrier mechanism. Together with the gut-associated lymphoid tissue and the neuroendocrine network, the intestinal epithelial barrier, with its intercellular tight junctions, controls the equilibrium between tolerance and immunity to nonself-antigens. When the finely tuned trafficking of macromole ...
... a barrier mechanism. Together with the gut-associated lymphoid tissue and the neuroendocrine network, the intestinal epithelial barrier, with its intercellular tight junctions, controls the equilibrium between tolerance and immunity to nonself-antigens. When the finely tuned trafficking of macromole ...
Clinical Management of Immuno
... in skeletal muscle tissue trauma (7). This tissue trauma from exercise (if excessive) results in the production of an abundance of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which then leads to the development of a sickness response or a chronic fatigue-like behavior in an athlete (8-11). Smith and associates have ...
... in skeletal muscle tissue trauma (7). This tissue trauma from exercise (if excessive) results in the production of an abundance of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which then leads to the development of a sickness response or a chronic fatigue-like behavior in an athlete (8-11). Smith and associates have ...
Guidelines for the management of vaginal discharge
... Standard treatment is metronidazole orally, either 400-500mg twice daily for 7 days or 2G stat. There is no benefit in treating the sexual partner Intravaginal preparations of metronidazole or clindamycin appear as effective, (or ineffective!) as oral treatments. Bacterial vaginosis is associated wi ...
... Standard treatment is metronidazole orally, either 400-500mg twice daily for 7 days or 2G stat. There is no benefit in treating the sexual partner Intravaginal preparations of metronidazole or clindamycin appear as effective, (or ineffective!) as oral treatments. Bacterial vaginosis is associated wi ...
Vitamin D status modulates the immune response to Epstein Barr virus
... and EBV infected B cells must be constantly surveilled by the immune system throughout life. Even transient perturbation of the immune response to EBV at any time during or after primary infection may therefore be relevant for induction of autoimmunity. Accordingly, an age-related increase in titers ...
... and EBV infected B cells must be constantly surveilled by the immune system throughout life. Even transient perturbation of the immune response to EBV at any time during or after primary infection may therefore be relevant for induction of autoimmunity. Accordingly, an age-related increase in titers ...
Targeting of immune signalling networks by bacterial pathogens
... preferential delivery of Yersinia effector proteins into monocyte-derived cells has been reported, it is highly likely that Yersinia encounters lymphocytes while replicating in lymphoid tissues, and that the ability of Yersinia to interfere with T cell activation subverts the adaptive host response. ...
... preferential delivery of Yersinia effector proteins into monocyte-derived cells has been reported, it is highly likely that Yersinia encounters lymphocytes while replicating in lymphoid tissues, and that the ability of Yersinia to interfere with T cell activation subverts the adaptive host response. ...
Clearance mechanism of a mannosylated antibody–enzyme fusion
... clearance is to use a recombinant antibody– enzyme fusion protein produced in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia Pastoris, a eukaryotic microorganism which performs posttranslational glycosylation with mannose (Trimble et al. 1991; Bretthauer and Castellino 1999; Cereghino and Cregg 2000). A particular ...
... clearance is to use a recombinant antibody– enzyme fusion protein produced in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia Pastoris, a eukaryotic microorganism which performs posttranslational glycosylation with mannose (Trimble et al. 1991; Bretthauer and Castellino 1999; Cereghino and Cregg 2000). A particular ...
Resistance is futile … The Immune System and HIV
... The M-strain HIV-1 is the infectious agent 90% of the time in sexually transmitted HIV (Ahmad, 2002) CD4 and CCR5 proteins are used by HIV to gain entry into the TH cell Most of the individuals resistant through a “Super TH Cell” mechanism harbor the same mutation making their CCR5 gene non-fu ...
... The M-strain HIV-1 is the infectious agent 90% of the time in sexually transmitted HIV (Ahmad, 2002) CD4 and CCR5 proteins are used by HIV to gain entry into the TH cell Most of the individuals resistant through a “Super TH Cell” mechanism harbor the same mutation making their CCR5 gene non-fu ...
The challenge of multiple sclerosis: How do we cure a chronic
... axonal damage in the spinal cord in a model of chronic progressive EAE.48 Although the compound is not an immune compound, it reduces infiltration of CD11b cells into the CNS (see Fig 3). Another important component of neurodegeneration relates to changes in Na channels, and these are targets of the ...
... axonal damage in the spinal cord in a model of chronic progressive EAE.48 Although the compound is not an immune compound, it reduces infiltration of CD11b cells into the CNS (see Fig 3). Another important component of neurodegeneration relates to changes in Na channels, and these are targets of the ...
QUANTUM MEDICINE UPDATE NEWSLETTER
... dental implants often become colonized creating a slow developing but persistent infection that often lingers for years. In most cases, we have found that the infection is extremely difficult to diagnose and eradicate. The healthy immune system in concert with the teamwork of commensal cells (90-95% ...
... dental implants often become colonized creating a slow developing but persistent infection that often lingers for years. In most cases, we have found that the infection is extremely difficult to diagnose and eradicate. The healthy immune system in concert with the teamwork of commensal cells (90-95% ...
The P Domain of the P0 Protein of Plasmodium falciparum Protects
... ribosomal P proteins of Trypanosoma cruzi in Chagas’ disease differed from anti-P-protein autoantibodies in lupus, these antibodies were found to possess functional autoreactivity with heart tissue (11). Antibodies found in SLE patients show distinct cross-reactivity and inhibit P. falciparum cultur ...
... ribosomal P proteins of Trypanosoma cruzi in Chagas’ disease differed from anti-P-protein autoantibodies in lupus, these antibodies were found to possess functional autoreactivity with heart tissue (11). Antibodies found in SLE patients show distinct cross-reactivity and inhibit P. falciparum cultur ...
Effect of Human pro-Islet PepMde 2B on β
... progenitor cells into new islet structures. In a single center, phase 1b randomized, double-blind, parallel group, placebo-controlled study the effects of 49 days of treatment with HIP2B were examined in adults with meXormin-treated type 2 diabetes. Subjects received HI ...
... progenitor cells into new islet structures. In a single center, phase 1b randomized, double-blind, parallel group, placebo-controlled study the effects of 49 days of treatment with HIP2B were examined in adults with meXormin-treated type 2 diabetes. Subjects received HI ...
Immune-Mediated Thrombocytopenia (IMT)
... For reasons unknown, platelets can be mistaken by the immune system for invaders. When this happens, antibodies coat the platelets and the spleen’s phagocytes remove them in numbers up to 10 times greater than the normal platelet removal rate. The megakaryocytes in the bone marrow respond by gettin ...
... For reasons unknown, platelets can be mistaken by the immune system for invaders. When this happens, antibodies coat the platelets and the spleen’s phagocytes remove them in numbers up to 10 times greater than the normal platelet removal rate. The megakaryocytes in the bone marrow respond by gettin ...
Involvement of Glycoreceptors in Galactoxylomannan-Induced T Cell Death
... been shown to induce TNF-␣ from PBMC (13). Moreover, GalXM induced different cytokine profiles in RAW 264.7 macrophages (14). Previously, we demonstrated that GalXM affected selected immune responses: its effects included causing significant impairment of T cell proliferation, increasing IFN-␥ and I ...
... been shown to induce TNF-␣ from PBMC (13). Moreover, GalXM induced different cytokine profiles in RAW 264.7 macrophages (14). Previously, we demonstrated that GalXM affected selected immune responses: its effects included causing significant impairment of T cell proliferation, increasing IFN-␥ and I ...
The role of HIV-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in
... Mutational escape to avoid HIV-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity immunity Both CTL and NAb against HIV lead to rapid selection for immune escape variants during HIV infection, which is one reason that HIV is difficult to control [46,47]. If ADCC antibodies exert pressure on HIV repli ...
... Mutational escape to avoid HIV-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity immunity Both CTL and NAb against HIV lead to rapid selection for immune escape variants during HIV infection, which is one reason that HIV is difficult to control [46,47]. If ADCC antibodies exert pressure on HIV repli ...