Chapter 34 Public Participation in Biosafety Issues
... values as well as socio-cultural, economic and political contexts are necessary. As a consequence, concerns about socio-economic impacts or ethical issues will also have to be taken into account alongside scientific criteria and technical measurements. Ensuring public participation, however, is not ...
... values as well as socio-cultural, economic and political contexts are necessary. As a consequence, concerns about socio-economic impacts or ethical issues will also have to be taken into account alongside scientific criteria and technical measurements. Ensuring public participation, however, is not ...
Communication and (e)democracy: assessing
... platforms, and e-mail newsgroups, through which public debates and deliberation can inform decision-making processes. A third level is defined as active participation, stressing the potentialities (and challenges) for active engagement in partnerships and policy-making processes. Thus the very idea ...
... platforms, and e-mail newsgroups, through which public debates and deliberation can inform decision-making processes. A third level is defined as active participation, stressing the potentialities (and challenges) for active engagement in partnerships and policy-making processes. Thus the very idea ...
capital budgeting
... According to our decision rules, both projects are acceptable. But, if the projects are mutually exclusive, which should be chosen? The NPV of Project 1 is greater than the NPV of Project 2, but the IRR of Project 2 is greater than the IRR of Project 1. This poses a problem, because one project is m ...
... According to our decision rules, both projects are acceptable. But, if the projects are mutually exclusive, which should be chosen? The NPV of Project 1 is greater than the NPV of Project 2, but the IRR of Project 2 is greater than the IRR of Project 1. This poses a problem, because one project is m ...
CO-PRODUCING KNOWLEDGE : Prepositions, Principles and
... same time, attempting to change it’ (Lewin, 1945, quoted in Drummond and ThemesslHuber, 2007) ); which claim: ‘it is right and possible for poor and marginalized people to conduct their own analysis and take action’ (Chambers,1997:107) or which have built on feminist theory to show ‘the highly probl ...
... same time, attempting to change it’ (Lewin, 1945, quoted in Drummond and ThemesslHuber, 2007) ); which claim: ‘it is right and possible for poor and marginalized people to conduct their own analysis and take action’ (Chambers,1997:107) or which have built on feminist theory to show ‘the highly probl ...
budget
... enables organizations to react quickly to deviations from their plans and to learn from ...
... enables organizations to react quickly to deviations from their plans and to learn from ...
Master Budgeting
... Understand why organizations budget and the processes they use to create budgets. ...
... Understand why organizations budget and the processes they use to create budgets. ...
The Role of Citizens in Democratic Governance
... This paper seeks to answer the question as to why some governments are more stable, efficient, innovative and well-managed than others. It locates the answer in the shift of paradigm from a governance model in which citizens were mostly passive to one in which they are provided with power and avenue ...
... This paper seeks to answer the question as to why some governments are more stable, efficient, innovative and well-managed than others. It locates the answer in the shift of paradigm from a governance model in which citizens were mostly passive to one in which they are provided with power and avenue ...
Capital Budgeting for Small Businesses
... the same firm will pay significantly more, 20.5% (16% ^ (1-0.22)), for an issue of only $1 million. Because of these costs, small businesses with smaller capital requirements typically rely upon owners' equity and com mercial banks as their main sources of capital instead of primary capital markets ...
... the same firm will pay significantly more, 20.5% (16% ^ (1-0.22)), for an issue of only $1 million. Because of these costs, small businesses with smaller capital requirements typically rely upon owners' equity and com mercial banks as their main sources of capital instead of primary capital markets ...
Budget Control app for Advertising and promotion
... In Consumer product business, Advertising and Consumer Promotion (A & CP) activities under which various cost will occur. Before each campaign, a budget will be decided by marketing department. Campaign cannot be saved if the overall budget of the department exceeds the yearly plan. Only if you have ...
... In Consumer product business, Advertising and Consumer Promotion (A & CP) activities under which various cost will occur. Before each campaign, a budget will be decided by marketing department. Campaign cannot be saved if the overall budget of the department exceeds the yearly plan. Only if you have ...
Budget cycle and actors
... • Government should implement recommendations, but this rarely happens (indicating weak parliamentary power to hold executive accountable) ...
... • Government should implement recommendations, but this rarely happens (indicating weak parliamentary power to hold executive accountable) ...
Integrated Marketing Communications 8e.
... Using sales response as the objective for a branded product’s marcom effort is unsuitable for two reasons: • A host of factors (e.g., advertising, sales promotions, and other elements of the marcom program) can affect sales. • Marcom’s effect on sales is typically delayed, or lagged. ...
... Using sales response as the objective for a branded product’s marcom effort is unsuitable for two reasons: • A host of factors (e.g., advertising, sales promotions, and other elements of the marcom program) can affect sales. • Marcom’s effect on sales is typically delayed, or lagged. ...
Integrated Marketing Communications 8e.
... Using sales response as the objective for a branded product’s marcom effort is unsuitable for two reasons: • A host of factors (e.g., advertising, sales promotions, and other elements of the marcom program) can affect sales. • Marcom’s effect on sales is typically delayed, or lagged. ...
... Using sales response as the objective for a branded product’s marcom effort is unsuitable for two reasons: • A host of factors (e.g., advertising, sales promotions, and other elements of the marcom program) can affect sales. • Marcom’s effect on sales is typically delayed, or lagged. ...
EPI BRIEFING PAPER
... The case for a federal capital budget The federal budget largely uses a cash-basis of accounting, with the exceptions of financial transactions involving loans, loan guarantees, lease-purchases, and interest on Treasury debt. Cash-basis accounting means that resource inflows and outflows are recogn ...
... The case for a federal capital budget The federal budget largely uses a cash-basis of accounting, with the exceptions of financial transactions involving loans, loan guarantees, lease-purchases, and interest on Treasury debt. Cash-basis accounting means that resource inflows and outflows are recogn ...
BUDGETING, AUDITING AND GOVERNANCE
... Without good governance, no amount of oil, no amount of aid, no amount of effort can guarantee Nigeria’s success. But with good governance, nothing can stop Nigeria. ... We believe that delivering on roads and on electricity and on education and all the other points …will demonstrate the kind of co ...
... Without good governance, no amount of oil, no amount of aid, no amount of effort can guarantee Nigeria’s success. But with good governance, nothing can stop Nigeria. ... We believe that delivering on roads and on electricity and on education and all the other points …will demonstrate the kind of co ...
On the Use of Actor-Network Theory for Developing Web Services
... Participatory Design methodology. There are different interpretations of the usefulness of technology. As stated by Abreu de Paula: "perception of usefulness is not statically embedded in its design, but is dynamically and constantly created and shaped by different social groups. In this respect, on ...
... Participatory Design methodology. There are different interpretations of the usefulness of technology. As stated by Abreu de Paula: "perception of usefulness is not statically embedded in its design, but is dynamically and constantly created and shaped by different social groups. In this respect, on ...
from political won`t to political will
... Programme, identified lack of political will as a principal obstacle in promoting participatory governance—outranking other obstacles, such as lack of knowledge and skills, limited citizen capacity, a disabling political/policy environment, and lack of access to public information (CIVICUS 2007, 4). ...
... Programme, identified lack of political will as a principal obstacle in promoting participatory governance—outranking other obstacles, such as lack of knowledge and skills, limited citizen capacity, a disabling political/policy environment, and lack of access to public information (CIVICUS 2007, 4). ...
Federal Budgeting and Accounting in AUSTRIA, using
... - Start with multiple SAP clients – today only one !! - Integrated system for default values, master-data - Operational level with access to all data from each individual allocating agency - consolidation level ...
... - Start with multiple SAP clients – today only one !! - Integrated system for default values, master-data - Operational level with access to all data from each individual allocating agency - consolidation level ...
A Framework for the use of Discount Rates in Actuarial Work
... Matching calculations can be particularly appropriate for transactional work. This includes the calculation of liabilities for company accounts, solvency reserves, capital adequacy requirements and in circumstances where it is desired to create an investment portfolio to match or hedge a liability. ...
... Matching calculations can be particularly appropriate for transactional work. This includes the calculation of liabilities for company accounts, solvency reserves, capital adequacy requirements and in circumstances where it is desired to create an investment portfolio to match or hedge a liability. ...
what is a budget?
... Increase probability that the organization’s strategic plans will be incorporated in planned activities Enhance coordination among divisional plans and objectives Use top management’s knowledge of overall resource availability Reduce the time frame for the budgeting process ...
... Increase probability that the organization’s strategic plans will be incorporated in planned activities Enhance coordination among divisional plans and objectives Use top management’s knowledge of overall resource availability Reduce the time frame for the budgeting process ...
Social Urbanism – Integrated and participatory urban upgrading in
... building, social capital and institutional capacity. This shows the close link between some of the fundamental principles of participatory/collaborative planning approaches and the very nature of urban upgrading processes and projects. The research was conducted using a case study methodology in whi ...
... building, social capital and institutional capacity. This shows the close link between some of the fundamental principles of participatory/collaborative planning approaches and the very nature of urban upgrading processes and projects. The research was conducted using a case study methodology in whi ...
Portfolio agency name - Department of Health
... transparency of Government spending and performance, as Programs represent the primary means by which agencies address and achieve Government Outcomes. ...
... transparency of Government spending and performance, as Programs represent the primary means by which agencies address and achieve Government Outcomes. ...
a sample of the Personal Finance workbook.
... A budget is a representation of the income you earn and the expenses you incur within a specific period of time. Think of a budget as a simple financial planning tool. When a budget is developed and used accurately, it helps individuals plan for living expenses. A budget is a way to distribute your ...
... A budget is a representation of the income you earn and the expenses you incur within a specific period of time. Think of a budget as a simple financial planning tool. When a budget is developed and used accurately, it helps individuals plan for living expenses. A budget is a way to distribute your ...
7. Investment Projects. Criteria for Capital Budgeting. Special Issues
... In selecting investment projects under capital rationing, it is necessary to understand that some projects are divisible and others are indivisible. Projects that should be accepted or rejected in their entirety are indivisible. The company should choose the combination of indivisible projects that ...
... In selecting investment projects under capital rationing, it is necessary to understand that some projects are divisible and others are indivisible. Projects that should be accepted or rejected in their entirety are indivisible. The company should choose the combination of indivisible projects that ...
Participatory budgeting
Participatory budgeting (PB) is a process of democratic deliberation and decision-making, and a type of participatory democracy, in which ordinary people decide how to allocate part of a municipal or public budget. Participatory budgeting allows citizens to identify, discuss, and prioritize public spending projects, and gives them the power to make real decisions about how money is spent. When PB is taken seriously and is based on mutual trust local governments and citizen can benefit equally. In some cases PB even raised people's willingness to pay taxes.Participatory budgeting generally involves several basic steps:1) Community members identify spending priorities and select budget delegates2) Budget delegates develop specific spending proposals, with help from experts3) Community members vote on which proposals to fund4) The city or institution implements the top proposalsA comprehensive case study of eight municipalities in Brazil analyzing the successes and failures of participatory budgeting has suggested that it often results in more equitable public spending, greater government transparency and accountability, increased levels of public participation (especially by marginalized or poorer residents), and democratic and citizenship learning.