Research Article Influence of Thickness on the Holographic Parameters of H-PDLC Materials
... conditions (or visible light at a wavelength where the dye does not absorb) and then sandwiched between two conductive ITO glass plates separated using glass microspheres. In order to obtain samples of the same physical thickness, a weight of 1 kg was placed over the layer for 5 minutes. As a result ...
... conditions (or visible light at a wavelength where the dye does not absorb) and then sandwiched between two conductive ITO glass plates separated using glass microspheres. In order to obtain samples of the same physical thickness, a weight of 1 kg was placed over the layer for 5 minutes. As a result ...
Di raction and Interference PRECAUTION
... This experiment is greatly facilitated by the use of a laser as a light source. The laser light is highly monochromatic and coherent. Coherence means that there are surfaces, in this experiment approximately planes, in which the light is in phase. When such light falls on a ~ oscillates in phase ove ...
... This experiment is greatly facilitated by the use of a laser as a light source. The laser light is highly monochromatic and coherent. Coherence means that there are surfaces, in this experiment approximately planes, in which the light is in phase. When such light falls on a ~ oscillates in phase ove ...
Two-Color Two-Photon Excitation Using Femtosecond Laser Pulses
... microscopy. Additionally, due to the quadratic dependence on the intensity, excitation in 2pm is limited to the focal area only. Thus, out-of-focus excitation is avoided leading to limited photo damage and an intrinsic 3D resolution. Most common excitation sources for 2pm are Ti:sapphire (Ti:Sa) las ...
... microscopy. Additionally, due to the quadratic dependence on the intensity, excitation in 2pm is limited to the focal area only. Thus, out-of-focus excitation is avoided leading to limited photo damage and an intrinsic 3D resolution. Most common excitation sources for 2pm are Ti:sapphire (Ti:Sa) las ...
model-based engineering for laser weapons
... National Defense Industry Association (NDIA) [Bergenthal 2011] and by the Office of the Director, Defense Science and Engineering and as one of four potentially “game-changing” technologies that could bring about revolutionary advances across the entire DoD research and development and procurement c ...
... National Defense Industry Association (NDIA) [Bergenthal 2011] and by the Office of the Director, Defense Science and Engineering and as one of four potentially “game-changing” technologies that could bring about revolutionary advances across the entire DoD research and development and procurement c ...
Surface profile measurement of aspheric optics using
... between light reflected from the aspheric surface and a known reference surface (usually the rear surface) while the probe scans the contour of the test optic. The phase difference between the test and reference surfaces is deduced from the measured intensity and the deviation of the aspheric surfac ...
... between light reflected from the aspheric surface and a known reference surface (usually the rear surface) while the probe scans the contour of the test optic. The phase difference between the test and reference surfaces is deduced from the measured intensity and the deviation of the aspheric surfac ...
Optical trapping using cascade conical refraction of light
... Optical traps are used in a wide variety of experimental setups from basic studies of atom dynamics to biological cell stretching studies. The early work owes much to the insight of Ashkin and his associates who led off this research area in 1986 [8, 9]. Traps are now routinely used to optically man ...
... Optical traps are used in a wide variety of experimental setups from basic studies of atom dynamics to biological cell stretching studies. The early work owes much to the insight of Ashkin and his associates who led off this research area in 1986 [8, 9]. Traps are now routinely used to optically man ...
Superresolution size determination in fluorescence microscopy: A
... ‘‘conventional’’ fluorescence microscopes.19,24 In this article, results from a different far field light microscopical approach, spatially modulated illumination 共SMI兲 microscopy, are described, making use of ‘‘point spread function engineering’’ methods.25–27 It has been shown that using this tech ...
... ‘‘conventional’’ fluorescence microscopes.19,24 In this article, results from a different far field light microscopical approach, spatially modulated illumination 共SMI兲 microscopy, are described, making use of ‘‘point spread function engineering’’ methods.25–27 It has been shown that using this tech ...
The Optical Design of Miniaturized Microscope Objective for CARS
... deviation between pump and Stokes beam is given to only 0.11 µm. These let us know that on-axis monochromatic and chromatic focuses are corrected perfectly. Second, astigmatic field curve (AFC) represents focus loci made by sequential off-axis points corresponding to the heights of the fiber bundle. ...
... deviation between pump and Stokes beam is given to only 0.11 µm. These let us know that on-axis monochromatic and chromatic focuses are corrected perfectly. Second, astigmatic field curve (AFC) represents focus loci made by sequential off-axis points corresponding to the heights of the fiber bundle. ...
Dynamic pulsed-beam shaping using a TAG lens in the
... More recently, researchers have begun to apply doughnut beams for high aspect ratio laser micromachining of metal foils [16]. Additionally, those beams have been employed to produce attosecond duration bursts of light [14] due to their ability for high harmonic generation [15]. ...
... More recently, researchers have begun to apply doughnut beams for high aspect ratio laser micromachining of metal foils [16]. Additionally, those beams have been employed to produce attosecond duration bursts of light [14] due to their ability for high harmonic generation [15]. ...
2.2 Basic Optical Laws and Definitions
... ¾ Condition of wave propagation : All points on the same phase front (wave front) of a plane wave must be in phase ¾ That means: Phase change between the two different tracings with same phase front must be an integer multiple of 2π ¾ Wavefront : The surfaces joining all points of equal phase are kn ...
... ¾ Condition of wave propagation : All points on the same phase front (wave front) of a plane wave must be in phase ¾ That means: Phase change between the two different tracings with same phase front must be an integer multiple of 2π ¾ Wavefront : The surfaces joining all points of equal phase are kn ...
a flat high-frequency scanning micromirror - EECS: www
... Electrostatic Combdrive (STEC) micromirror, which is made from two layers of single-crystal silicon separated by a 1.7 µm-thick silicon dioxide layer. The mirror, torsion hinge, and moving comb teeth are in the top silicon layer, and the fixed comb teeth are in the bottom silicon layer. Applying vol ...
... Electrostatic Combdrive (STEC) micromirror, which is made from two layers of single-crystal silicon separated by a 1.7 µm-thick silicon dioxide layer. The mirror, torsion hinge, and moving comb teeth are in the top silicon layer, and the fixed comb teeth are in the bottom silicon layer. Applying vol ...
Reflection-mode scanning near-field optical microscopy: Influence
... may be obtained where the resolution is determined by the source size and the source-sample separation, rather than the wavelength, as is the case in conventional far-field microscopy. Typically, this source consists of an aperture of dimensions less than 150 nm in a tapered and metal-coated optical ...
... may be obtained where the resolution is determined by the source size and the source-sample separation, rather than the wavelength, as is the case in conventional far-field microscopy. Typically, this source consists of an aperture of dimensions less than 150 nm in a tapered and metal-coated optical ...
Intersatellite laser ranging instrument for the GRACE
... variable ionospheric delays. It is important to note that the two satellites effectively comprise a single measurement system. Estimates of the gravity field are derived from observations obtained from a range of on-board instruments. In addition to the microwave ranging system each satellite includ ...
... variable ionospheric delays. It is important to note that the two satellites effectively comprise a single measurement system. Estimates of the gravity field are derived from observations obtained from a range of on-board instruments. In addition to the microwave ranging system each satellite includ ...
Spectral Characteristics of Semiconductor Lasers with Optical
... Note, however, that changing the phase of the feedback, e.g., by varying L by a fraction of a wavelength, is equivalent to translating the ripple in the curves diagonally along the line corresponding to r = O. Thus, altering the phase 01 (’ho) by n ...
... Note, however, that changing the phase of the feedback, e.g., by varying L by a fraction of a wavelength, is equivalent to translating the ripple in the curves diagonally along the line corresponding to r = O. Thus, altering the phase 01 (’ho) by n ...
optical coherence tomography
... Fig. 5 LCI signal obtained with the dual-beam technique at the papilla at 10 deg nasal and 2 deg superior (l=852 nm; lc=30 mm in tissue). The signal peaks are ILM, inner limiting membrane; GCL, ganglion cell layer or interface between nerve fiber layer and GCL; RPE, retinal pigment epithelium (Bruch ...
... Fig. 5 LCI signal obtained with the dual-beam technique at the papilla at 10 deg nasal and 2 deg superior (l=852 nm; lc=30 mm in tissue). The signal peaks are ILM, inner limiting membrane; GCL, ganglion cell layer or interface between nerve fiber layer and GCL; RPE, retinal pigment epithelium (Bruch ...
Far-field measurement of ultra-small plasmonic mode volume Shuang Zhang, Yong-Shik Park,
... Among various plasmonic designs, optical nano-antennas are of special interest since they are capable of focusing light into a small gap region with nanometer scales in all three dimensions, and can be tailored to operate at various frequency bands [3–7]. Besides their usual antenna functionalities ...
... Among various plasmonic designs, optical nano-antennas are of special interest since they are capable of focusing light into a small gap region with nanometer scales in all three dimensions, and can be tailored to operate at various frequency bands [3–7]. Besides their usual antenna functionalities ...
The Phase element .1
... which corresponds to optical wavelengths (in vacuum) from 1570 to 1530 nm and to photon energies from 0.79 to 0.81 eV. The ternary compound In0.53Ga0.47As has its bandgap at 0.777 eV (at 300°K), that leads its spectrum for spontaneous emission (Eg Eg+2kT) to completely embrace the C-band. On the o ...
... which corresponds to optical wavelengths (in vacuum) from 1570 to 1530 nm and to photon energies from 0.79 to 0.81 eV. The ternary compound In0.53Ga0.47As has its bandgap at 0.777 eV (at 300°K), that leads its spectrum for spontaneous emission (Eg Eg+2kT) to completely embrace the C-band. On the o ...
Mimicking the colourful wing scale structure of the
... stack of 11 alternating layers of titania and alumina: a top view, 2 µm, b cross-section, 1 µm. c, At perpendicular light incidence the artificial replica appears green, while it, d, reflects blue at grazing incidence, showing some iridescence (scale bars 5 mm). e, Under a light microscope, the conc ...
... stack of 11 alternating layers of titania and alumina: a top view, 2 µm, b cross-section, 1 µm. c, At perpendicular light incidence the artificial replica appears green, while it, d, reflects blue at grazing incidence, showing some iridescence (scale bars 5 mm). e, Under a light microscope, the conc ...
8. Beam splitters
... Plate dividers are thin plane-parallel or edge plates made of optical glass, quartz or single-axis crystals (e.g. CaF2) coated with thin-film layers system. Depending on application it can be either metallic layer or dielectric coating. However one should remember that such an element introduces a s ...
... Plate dividers are thin plane-parallel or edge plates made of optical glass, quartz or single-axis crystals (e.g. CaF2) coated with thin-film layers system. Depending on application it can be either metallic layer or dielectric coating. However one should remember that such an element introduces a s ...
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE REFRACTIVE INDICES AND
... anisotropy of molecular organization. As they are birefringent materials, they shows double refraction phenomenon, having two indices of refraction (extraordinary ne and ordinary no indices) and birefringence ∆n=ne–no. Optical birefringence is strongly temperature dependent. This property is very im ...
... anisotropy of molecular organization. As they are birefringent materials, they shows double refraction phenomenon, having two indices of refraction (extraordinary ne and ordinary no indices) and birefringence ∆n=ne–no. Optical birefringence is strongly temperature dependent. This property is very im ...
Flat optics with designer metasurfaces
... Conventional optical components are based on refraction, reflection or diffraction of light and wavefront shaping is achieved via propagation through media of given refractive indices that can be engineered to control the optical path of light beams. In this way phase and polarization changes are ac ...
... Conventional optical components are based on refraction, reflection or diffraction of light and wavefront shaping is achieved via propagation through media of given refractive indices that can be engineered to control the optical path of light beams. In this way phase and polarization changes are ac ...
Dispersion Trimming in a Reconfigurable Wavelength Selective Switch
... from a fiber array through polarization diversity optics, which physically separate and align orthogonal polarization states to the high efficiency s-polarization state of a diffraction grating. This diffraction grating angularly disperses the light, so that each wavelength is sent to a different po ...
... from a fiber array through polarization diversity optics, which physically separate and align orthogonal polarization states to the high efficiency s-polarization state of a diffraction grating. This diffraction grating angularly disperses the light, so that each wavelength is sent to a different po ...
3D optical data storage
3D optical data storage is the term given to any form of optical data storage in which information can be recorded and/or read with three-dimensional resolution (as opposed to the two-dimensional resolution afforded, for example, by CD).This innovation has the potential to provide petabyte-level mass storage on DVD-sized discs (120mm). Data recording and readback are achieved by focusing lasers within the medium. However, because of the volumetric nature of the data structure, the laser light must travel through other data points before it reaches the point where reading or recording is desired. Therefore, some kind of nonlinearity is required to ensure that these other data points do not interfere with the addressing of the desired point.No commercial product based on 3D optical data storage has yet arrived on the mass market, although several companies are actively developing the technology and claim that it may become available ""soon"".