Micro-machining with ultrashort laser pulses: From
... Figure 8 shows the total transmission through the area near the focus where the scattering effect occurs. At the shortest pulse duration 125 fs no loss could be detected. In contrast to this more than 20 % of energy loss are observed near 5 ps. It can not be expected that such a strong deformation ...
... Figure 8 shows the total transmission through the area near the focus where the scattering effect occurs. At the shortest pulse duration 125 fs no loss could be detected. In contrast to this more than 20 % of energy loss are observed near 5 ps. It can not be expected that such a strong deformation ...
Optical tweezers
... Optical tweezers have been used in many fields of science, ranging from biology and medicine to physics and materials science, in applications ranging from the optical manipulation of DNA to the movement of Bose-Einstein condensates. As mentioned before, these applications have been reviewed elsewhe ...
... Optical tweezers have been used in many fields of science, ranging from biology and medicine to physics and materials science, in applications ranging from the optical manipulation of DNA to the movement of Bose-Einstein condensates. As mentioned before, these applications have been reviewed elsewhe ...
Self-calibrated Microwave Characterization of High
... component analyzer (LCA) [9]. The VNA-based method requires a wideband calibrated PD to characterize a LD or a MOD under test, or a wideband calibrated MZM to characterize a PD under test, and so it relies on de-embedding the assistant PD or MOD, since the measured total frequency response depends o ...
... component analyzer (LCA) [9]. The VNA-based method requires a wideband calibrated PD to characterize a LD or a MOD under test, or a wideband calibrated MZM to characterize a PD under test, and so it relies on de-embedding the assistant PD or MOD, since the measured total frequency response depends o ...
High-speed and high-efficiency travelling wave single
... applications come into reach of current technology, which is evident from recent progress in developing integrated photonic circuitry10,11. However, universal and scalable quantum computation is possible with single photons and linear optics only if efficient qubit measurements can be performed. At p ...
... applications come into reach of current technology, which is evident from recent progress in developing integrated photonic circuitry10,11. However, universal and scalable quantum computation is possible with single photons and linear optics only if efficient qubit measurements can be performed. At p ...
Novel technique for thermal lens measurement in commonly used
... 14. For mirrors with high reflectance only a small fraction of the light passes the substrate such that the situation might be different. 15. For BK7 the thermal expansion α is approximately three times larger than the temperature dependence of the refractive index β (dn/dT ). As the two effects act ...
... 14. For mirrors with high reflectance only a small fraction of the light passes the substrate such that the situation might be different. 15. For BK7 the thermal expansion α is approximately three times larger than the temperature dependence of the refractive index β (dn/dT ). As the two effects act ...
Calibration of the amplification coefficient in
... commercial SHS is typically on the order of 0.6%, to which we add the uncertainty associated with the nonlinearity in the height response, differences in software, and operator variability. This level of uncertainty is a disappointment when compared to the high accuracy of laser interferometers. The ...
... commercial SHS is typically on the order of 0.6%, to which we add the uncertainty associated with the nonlinearity in the height response, differences in software, and operator variability. This level of uncertainty is a disappointment when compared to the high accuracy of laser interferometers. The ...
X-ray Optics - Studentportalen
... A schematic multilayer structure and a typical measured reflectivity spectrum. Layer A usually consists of a strongly absorbing material (metal). Layer B is a spacer made of a low-density material. ...
... A schematic multilayer structure and a typical measured reflectivity spectrum. Layer A usually consists of a strongly absorbing material (metal). Layer B is a spacer made of a low-density material. ...
Use of beam parameters in optical component testing
... he cross moment 〈 xu〉 is also the radius of curvature of the beam at the measurement location. This method has been used recently by several authors in evaluating the accuracy of making M 2 measurements with Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensors.5,8,9 In many ways, this method is similar to the gradient ...
... he cross moment 〈 xu〉 is also the radius of curvature of the beam at the measurement location. This method has been used recently by several authors in evaluating the accuracy of making M 2 measurements with Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensors.5,8,9 In many ways, this method is similar to the gradient ...
GaAs-based polarization modulators for microwave photonic
... ones. However, thermal stability issue causes reduction of the coefficients with the time. Given the low drive voltage, wideband modulation with moderate optical and insertion losses and good linearity, in particular a higher electrooptic coefficient than semiconductor modulators (e.g., at 1.5 mm, r41 ...
... ones. However, thermal stability issue causes reduction of the coefficients with the time. Given the low drive voltage, wideband modulation with moderate optical and insertion losses and good linearity, in particular a higher electrooptic coefficient than semiconductor modulators (e.g., at 1.5 mm, r41 ...
Determination of the Molar Volume of H2(g) and of O2(g)
... In this experiment you will determine the molar volume of H2 and O2 under conditions that are very close to SATP. You will separately prepare H2 and O2 and collect each of these gases by downward displacement of water. This technique will be demonstrated by the teacher. A. Preparation of hydrogen ga ...
... In this experiment you will determine the molar volume of H2 and O2 under conditions that are very close to SATP. You will separately prepare H2 and O2 and collect each of these gases by downward displacement of water. This technique will be demonstrated by the teacher. A. Preparation of hydrogen ga ...
A-1 Refraction of Light
... beam refracted by the prism has an angle of minimum deviation. It means that the incident angle is equal to the refraction angle, i = r, when the laser beam has a minimum deviation through the prism. (3) How large error are the both measured apex angles and the angle of minimum obtained in thi ...
... beam refracted by the prism has an angle of minimum deviation. It means that the incident angle is equal to the refraction angle, i = r, when the laser beam has a minimum deviation through the prism. (3) How large error are the both measured apex angles and the angle of minimum obtained in thi ...
Biology 177: Principles of Modern Microscopy
... We have looked at several different methods for optical sectioning of fluorescent samples. The two main methods are Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy (LSCM) and light sheet microscopy or Selective Plane Illumination Microscopy (SPIM). LSCM has been around a long time compared to SPIM. Question: Do ...
... We have looked at several different methods for optical sectioning of fluorescent samples. The two main methods are Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy (LSCM) and light sheet microscopy or Selective Plane Illumination Microscopy (SPIM). LSCM has been around a long time compared to SPIM. Question: Do ...
Coherent Optical Systems
... algorithms to demodulate Gbit/s coherent optical signals. By DSP processing it is possible to compensate for the “incoherence” (frequency offset and phase noise) of the Tx and LO lasers. Advanced RF/wireless comms concepts finally applicable for ultra-high speed optical comms. State-of-the-art: 100 ...
... algorithms to demodulate Gbit/s coherent optical signals. By DSP processing it is possible to compensate for the “incoherence” (frequency offset and phase noise) of the Tx and LO lasers. Advanced RF/wireless comms concepts finally applicable for ultra-high speed optical comms. State-of-the-art: 100 ...
Chapter 2 Femtosecond Laser Pulses - diss.fu
... because focusing the beam increases the focal ”power” of this ”lens”. The increase of the focusing stops when the diameter of the beam is small enough and the linear diffraction is large enough to balance the Kerr effect. Consider now a seed beam with a Gaussian profile propagating through a nonline ...
... because focusing the beam increases the focal ”power” of this ”lens”. The increase of the focusing stops when the diameter of the beam is small enough and the linear diffraction is large enough to balance the Kerr effect. Consider now a seed beam with a Gaussian profile propagating through a nonline ...
Light fan driven by relativistic laser pulse
... Fig. 3(b) (red pluses) shows the sum of the OAMs of electrons and protons Lx = −2.0×10-17 kg m2 s-1, which is same with the calculated OAM of reflected beam in scale and is opposite in direction. The fitting curve of the total OAM (red dashed line in Fig. 3(b)) is based on the assumption that torque ...
... Fig. 3(b) (red pluses) shows the sum of the OAMs of electrons and protons Lx = −2.0×10-17 kg m2 s-1, which is same with the calculated OAM of reflected beam in scale and is opposite in direction. The fitting curve of the total OAM (red dashed line in Fig. 3(b)) is based on the assumption that torque ...
Influence of a thin metal layer on a beam propagation in
... As it can be noticed in Table 4 in most cases MFD decreases when thickness of a layer and a diameter of the structure increase. In all cases the MFD is insignificantly smaller than the MFD value of a non−deposited structure what is corrected with the theoretical meaning [15,19], an additional layer ...
... As it can be noticed in Table 4 in most cases MFD decreases when thickness of a layer and a diameter of the structure increase. In all cases the MFD is insignificantly smaller than the MFD value of a non−deposited structure what is corrected with the theoretical meaning [15,19], an additional layer ...
Beam Path Conditioning for High
... Temperature gradients are the most common cause of wavefront errors in beam path conditioning systems, and system designers attempt to reduce the gradients that create these phase errors. The refractive index of gases is typically close to unity, with a small increment above unity proportional to th ...
... Temperature gradients are the most common cause of wavefront errors in beam path conditioning systems, and system designers attempt to reduce the gradients that create these phase errors. The refractive index of gases is typically close to unity, with a small increment above unity proportional to th ...
Line Degeneracy and Strong Spin-Orbit Coupling of Light with Bulk
... biaxial birefringent crystals. For example, in the EFSs of biaxial birefringent crystals [9–11] each degeneracy point forms a double cone. When a narrow beam is incident along the degeneracy point it will spread into a hollow cone within the crystal. On the other hand, for the bianisotropic medium s ...
... biaxial birefringent crystals. For example, in the EFSs of biaxial birefringent crystals [9–11] each degeneracy point forms a double cone. When a narrow beam is incident along the degeneracy point it will spread into a hollow cone within the crystal. On the other hand, for the bianisotropic medium s ...
Analysis of Optical Systems I
... as illustrated in Fig. (14.3a). If θ1 exceeds θc the boundary acts as a very good mirror, as illustrated in Fig. (14.3b). This phenomenon is called total internal reflection. Several types of reflecting prisms operate this way. When total internal reflection occurs, there is no transmission of energ ...
... as illustrated in Fig. (14.3a). If θ1 exceeds θc the boundary acts as a very good mirror, as illustrated in Fig. (14.3b). This phenomenon is called total internal reflection. Several types of reflecting prisms operate this way. When total internal reflection occurs, there is no transmission of energ ...
3D optical data storage
3D optical data storage is the term given to any form of optical data storage in which information can be recorded and/or read with three-dimensional resolution (as opposed to the two-dimensional resolution afforded, for example, by CD).This innovation has the potential to provide petabyte-level mass storage on DVD-sized discs (120mm). Data recording and readback are achieved by focusing lasers within the medium. However, because of the volumetric nature of the data structure, the laser light must travel through other data points before it reaches the point where reading or recording is desired. Therefore, some kind of nonlinearity is required to ensure that these other data points do not interfere with the addressing of the desired point.No commercial product based on 3D optical data storage has yet arrived on the mass market, although several companies are actively developing the technology and claim that it may become available ""soon"".