Memnon of Herakleia on Rome and the Romans
... Roman control over the regions around the Black Sea (excluding the northeastern coasts) and the incorporation of these areas into the system of Roman provinces, made this part of the world into an integral part of the Roman Empire.1 This new political and administrative situation was a complex one, ...
... Roman control over the regions around the Black Sea (excluding the northeastern coasts) and the incorporation of these areas into the system of Roman provinces, made this part of the world into an integral part of the Roman Empire.1 This new political and administrative situation was a complex one, ...
A-level Classical Civilisation Mark scheme Unit 02F - The
... Hannibal; fell for it, crossed river to be faced by main Carthaginian force; some 38,000 Romans faced about 18,000 Carthaginians (plus some heavier cavalry); tired and frightened by elephants, Romans fought on but were then attacked from rear again; Romans fled to river, chased so far but allowed to ...
... Hannibal; fell for it, crossed river to be faced by main Carthaginian force; some 38,000 Romans faced about 18,000 Carthaginians (plus some heavier cavalry); tired and frightened by elephants, Romans fought on but were then attacked from rear again; Romans fled to river, chased so far but allowed to ...
the roman nation: rethinking ancient nationalism
... loyal Roman allies, who had been sending men to fight in the Roman legions for five generations, lacked any say in their continued utilization nor any recourse in legislation passed by the Roman government. This led to one final inter-Italian tribal conflict known as the Social War (91-88 BCE). The ...
... loyal Roman allies, who had been sending men to fight in the Roman legions for five generations, lacked any say in their continued utilization nor any recourse in legislation passed by the Roman government. This led to one final inter-Italian tribal conflict known as the Social War (91-88 BCE). The ...
Alaric: King of the Visigoths and Tool of the Romans - e
... between Rome and Constantinople still needed to be, so Alaric could no longer be left at large. 22 The Eastern Empire then decided to make Alaric magister militum per Illyricum, or master of soldiers in Illyricum, and “was also given imperial authority to oversee the public services of these lands, ...
... between Rome and Constantinople still needed to be, so Alaric could no longer be left at large. 22 The Eastern Empire then decided to make Alaric magister militum per Illyricum, or master of soldiers in Illyricum, and “was also given imperial authority to oversee the public services of these lands, ...
The monuments dedicated to the reign of Emperor Trajan
... the Trajan's Forum, the scenes, which are carved in low relief, are small and hard to read. It is uncertain how much of the column's relief Romans would have been able to see; there's some speculation whether knowledge of the idea of the narrative was more important than being physically able to rea ...
... the Trajan's Forum, the scenes, which are carved in low relief, are small and hard to read. It is uncertain how much of the column's relief Romans would have been able to see; there's some speculation whether knowledge of the idea of the narrative was more important than being physically able to rea ...
The Roman State (cont.)
... The Age of Augustus (cont.) • Augustus had an army of 28 legions of 5,000 troops each. • Only citizens could be in the legions. • Others could serve in auxiliary forces, which numbered around 130,000 under Augustus. • He also established the praetorian guard of 9,000 men to protect the empero ...
... The Age of Augustus (cont.) • Augustus had an army of 28 legions of 5,000 troops each. • Only citizens could be in the legions. • Others could serve in auxiliary forces, which numbered around 130,000 under Augustus. • He also established the praetorian guard of 9,000 men to protect the empero ...
The Spartacus War - Study Strategically
... Hollywood epic starring Kirk Douglas and directed by Stanley Kubrick. The film was a hit then an remains a classic. It was loosely based on a bestselling 1951 novel by Howard Fast, which he wro after serving a jail term for contempt of Congress during the McCarthy era. An American Communi who eventu ...
... Hollywood epic starring Kirk Douglas and directed by Stanley Kubrick. The film was a hit then an remains a classic. It was loosely based on a bestselling 1951 novel by Howard Fast, which he wro after serving a jail term for contempt of Congress during the McCarthy era. An American Communi who eventu ...
Author`s Note - Phoenix Labs
... come with an axe to grind. Even shorter is the discussion by Florus (c. AD 100-150), but his concise remarks are full of significance. These three writers relied on important but now mostly lost earlier works by Sallust (86-35 BC) and Livy (59 BC - AD 12). Almost nothing of Livy’s discussion of Spar ...
... come with an axe to grind. Even shorter is the discussion by Florus (c. AD 100-150), but his concise remarks are full of significance. These three writers relied on important but now mostly lost earlier works by Sallust (86-35 BC) and Livy (59 BC - AD 12). Almost nothing of Livy’s discussion of Spar ...
Hannibal Barca pat
... ◦ Hannibal was regarded throughout the ancient world as an exceptional General ◦ Polybius: “So great and wonderful is the influence of a Man, and a mind duly fitted by original constitution for any undertaking within the reach of human powers.” ◦ Livy: ““He was fearless in undertaking dangerous ente ...
... ◦ Hannibal was regarded throughout the ancient world as an exceptional General ◦ Polybius: “So great and wonderful is the influence of a Man, and a mind duly fitted by original constitution for any undertaking within the reach of human powers.” ◦ Livy: ““He was fearless in undertaking dangerous ente ...
last modified, 15 July 2009
... passage he cites suggests only that there was no Italian cavalry: it is silent on the location of the Roman, and any other, infantry20. However, we do not know what happened to members of the Italian elite who were serving abroad at the time of the Social War (up until the point at which they became ...
... passage he cites suggests only that there was no Italian cavalry: it is silent on the location of the Roman, and any other, infantry20. However, we do not know what happened to members of the Italian elite who were serving abroad at the time of the Social War (up until the point at which they became ...
Slide 1
... The Romans were at war in 458BCE when the Senate asked Cincinnatus to lead them as dictator. Cincinnatus organized the Romans and ended the war in just sixteen days. He could have stayed in power for the remainder of his term and used the office to enrich himself, but Cincinnatus returned power to t ...
... The Romans were at war in 458BCE when the Senate asked Cincinnatus to lead them as dictator. Cincinnatus organized the Romans and ended the war in just sixteen days. He could have stayed in power for the remainder of his term and used the office to enrich himself, but Cincinnatus returned power to t ...
Competition Between Public and Private Revenues in Roman Social
... he did not hesitate to deploy his own private resources in defence of the res publica. Nor, apparently, did he see any chance of public resources being spent on his soldiers. If his troops were to be won over by economic gain, it would not to be by the generosity of the Roman treasury - Ahenobarbus ...
... he did not hesitate to deploy his own private resources in defence of the res publica. Nor, apparently, did he see any chance of public resources being spent on his soldiers. If his troops were to be won over by economic gain, it would not to be by the generosity of the Roman treasury - Ahenobarbus ...
Changing Public Policy and the Evolution of Roman Civil
... even hesitate to play dice in the forum itself.”9 Such misconduct was made all the more glaring by the fact that Lenticula was actually gambling in the very place where important state and judicial business was carried out.10 According to Cicero, Anthony (also known to indulge habitually in dicing) ...
... even hesitate to play dice in the forum itself.”9 Such misconduct was made all the more glaring by the fact that Lenticula was actually gambling in the very place where important state and judicial business was carried out.10 According to Cicero, Anthony (also known to indulge habitually in dicing) ...
Mithradates: Scourge of Rome
... of their era. The image of Mithradates as the ‘Asiatic’ enemy of culture and civilisation originated in the 1850s with the greatest Roman historian of the 19th century, Theodor Mommsen. As recently as 1975, the German historian Hermann Bengston embraced the stereotype, arguing that the massacre of 8 ...
... of their era. The image of Mithradates as the ‘Asiatic’ enemy of culture and civilisation originated in the 1850s with the greatest Roman historian of the 19th century, Theodor Mommsen. As recently as 1975, the German historian Hermann Bengston embraced the stereotype, arguing that the massacre of 8 ...
the republican soldier: historiographical representations and human
... which are close to this topic, such as Phang’s Roman Military Service: Ideologies of Discipline in the Late Republic and Early Principate, which examines the social and cultural implications of discipline in the army.1 Unfortunately it lies on the other side of the late Republican divide, dealing wi ...
... which are close to this topic, such as Phang’s Roman Military Service: Ideologies of Discipline in the Late Republic and Early Principate, which examines the social and cultural implications of discipline in the army.1 Unfortunately it lies on the other side of the late Republican divide, dealing wi ...
MYSTERY OF THE FUNERARY RELIEFS OF
... The principal families of Palmyra built themselves imposing tombs in the suburbs. There are mainly three types of graves in the middle of the desert but the most striking ones are multi storey building-like tombs. These commanding structures austere from outside but elegant inside and each storey co ...
... The principal families of Palmyra built themselves imposing tombs in the suburbs. There are mainly three types of graves in the middle of the desert but the most striking ones are multi storey building-like tombs. These commanding structures austere from outside but elegant inside and each storey co ...
Tarpeia
... The soldiers said “Take thy reward” and instead crushed her to the ground with his heavy shield Tarpeia was dead Sabines entered the city and marched over her dead body ...
... The soldiers said “Take thy reward” and instead crushed her to the ground with his heavy shield Tarpeia was dead Sabines entered the city and marched over her dead body ...
Famous Men of Rome
... countries might come for safety. And so when those who had committed crime in other places, and had to flee to escape punishment, found out that Romulus would give them a refuge, they came in large numbers to his city. People also came who had been driven from home by enemies, or had run away for on ...
... countries might come for safety. And so when those who had committed crime in other places, and had to flee to escape punishment, found out that Romulus would give them a refuge, they came in large numbers to his city. People also came who had been driven from home by enemies, or had run away for on ...
use of theses - ANU Repository
... and Inferior; Thrace was made an imperial province; and GalatiaCappadocia was again separated into two imperial provinces. Imperial provinces, always with the exception of Egypt, were invariably at this time governed by legati Augusti pro praetore, and it is tempting to see in this creation of three ...
... and Inferior; Thrace was made an imperial province; and GalatiaCappadocia was again separated into two imperial provinces. Imperial provinces, always with the exception of Egypt, were invariably at this time governed by legati Augusti pro praetore, and it is tempting to see in this creation of three ...
History of Rome from the Earliest times down to 476 AD
... difficulties is through the Julian Alps on the east. It was over this pass that the Barbarians swept down in their invasions of the country. The Apennines, which are a continuation of the Alps, extend through the whole of the peninsula. Starting in the Maritime Alps, they extend easterly towards th ...
... difficulties is through the Julian Alps on the east. It was over this pass that the Barbarians swept down in their invasions of the country. The Apennines, which are a continuation of the Alps, extend through the whole of the peninsula. Starting in the Maritime Alps, they extend easterly towards th ...
Δείτε εδώ την τελική παρουσίαση του προγράμματος
... vowed to build a city where they were born. Eventually each of them chose a hill, and they began to quarrel. These quarrels led to Romulus killing Remus, and leaving Romulus's hilltop, Palatine, which was the center of the new cityRome. Rome is probably the most well known civilization of all time, ...
... vowed to build a city where they were born. Eventually each of them chose a hill, and they began to quarrel. These quarrels led to Romulus killing Remus, and leaving Romulus's hilltop, Palatine, which was the center of the new cityRome. Rome is probably the most well known civilization of all time, ...
OATHS OF ALLEGIANCE TO CAESAR B.F. Harris The ancients
... compared with the sacramentum which had sufficed for military discipline before that time, the voluntary oath of allegiance to one’s commander which recruits swore when they first joined their unit. Its terms were ‘not to depart in order to take flight or through fear, nor to retreat from the line e ...
... compared with the sacramentum which had sufficed for military discipline before that time, the voluntary oath of allegiance to one’s commander which recruits swore when they first joined their unit. Its terms were ‘not to depart in order to take flight or through fear, nor to retreat from the line e ...
The Walls of the Romans: Boundaries and Limits in the Republic
... Ancient Works Cited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70 ...
... Ancient Works Cited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70 ...
Underestimated influences :North Africa in classical antiquity
... Carthage‟s foundation, its prowess in war, and even the ancestry of its people. Even so, Warmington does not discuss their place in Carthaginian history in his book. Fortunately this trend is recently being broken. More of an attempt is being made to deride colonialism imbued with this degrading bra ...
... Carthage‟s foundation, its prowess in war, and even the ancestry of its people. Even so, Warmington does not discuss their place in Carthaginian history in his book. Fortunately this trend is recently being broken. More of an attempt is being made to deride colonialism imbued with this degrading bra ...
Military of ancient Rome
The Roman military was intertwined with the Roman state much more closely than in a modern European nation. Josephus describes the Roman people being as if they were ""born ready armed,"" and the Romans were for long periods prepared to engage in almost continuous warfare, absorbing massive losses. For a large part of Rome's history, the Roman state existed as an entity almost solely to support and finance the Roman military.The military's campaign history stretched over 1300 years and saw Roman armies campaigning as far East as Parthia (modern-day Iran), as far south as Africa (modern-day Tunisia) and Aegyptus (modern-day Egypt) and as far north as Britannia (modern-day England, south Scotland, and Wales). The makeup of the Roman military changed substantially over its history, from its early history as an unsalaried citizen militia to a later professional force. The equipment used by the military altered greatly in type over time, though there were very few technological improvements in weapons manufacture, in common with the rest of the classical world. For much of its history, the vast majority of Rome's forces were maintained at or beyond the limits of its territory, in order to either expand Rome's domain, or protect its existing borders.