Three Kinds of Adaptationism - Peter Godfrey
... it can be viewed by the explanatory adaptationist as mere detail. The empirical adaptationist does not have this luxury. The empirical adaptationist who says that selection is everywhere must confront neutralism; the adaptationist who says that selection alone can predict where an evolving system wi ...
... it can be viewed by the explanatory adaptationist as mere detail. The empirical adaptationist does not have this luxury. The empirical adaptationist who says that selection is everywhere must confront neutralism; the adaptationist who says that selection alone can predict where an evolving system wi ...
Memes
... memes (cultural practices, social/political practices, scientific theories) does this effect and possibly alter the consciousness of those receiving the new input? • If new beliefs, or ideas change an individual’s perception of the world thus changing behavior and actions, can this be correlated wit ...
... memes (cultural practices, social/political practices, scientific theories) does this effect and possibly alter the consciousness of those receiving the new input? • If new beliefs, or ideas change an individual’s perception of the world thus changing behavior and actions, can this be correlated wit ...
Memes
... invented and now favoured by supporters of the theory. This may also be frustrating, especially as one of the questions raised by the discussion of memes is whether the word refers to anything new or useful. Whereas “postmodernists” and “constructivists” and so forth tend to deny such labels apply t ...
... invented and now favoured by supporters of the theory. This may also be frustrating, especially as one of the questions raised by the discussion of memes is whether the word refers to anything new or useful. Whereas “postmodernists” and “constructivists” and so forth tend to deny such labels apply t ...
- LSHTM Research Online
... What unifies these approaches? Dan Dennett (1995) has argued that Darwin’s “dangerous idea” is an abstract algorithm, often called the “replicator dynamic.” This dynamic consists of repeated iterations of selection from among randomly mutating replicators. Replicators, in turn, are units of informat ...
... What unifies these approaches? Dan Dennett (1995) has argued that Darwin’s “dangerous idea” is an abstract algorithm, often called the “replicator dynamic.” This dynamic consists of repeated iterations of selection from among randomly mutating replicators. Replicators, in turn, are units of informat ...
Aunger, R (2001) Introduction. In: Darwinizing Culture: The Status of
... What unifies these approaches? Dan Dennett (1995) has argued that Darwin’s “dangerous idea” is an abstract algorithm, often called the “replicator dynamic.” This dynamic consists of repeated iterations of selection from among randomly mutating replicators. Replicators, in turn, are units of informat ...
... What unifies these approaches? Dan Dennett (1995) has argued that Darwin’s “dangerous idea” is an abstract algorithm, often called the “replicator dynamic.” This dynamic consists of repeated iterations of selection from among randomly mutating replicators. Replicators, in turn, are units of informat ...
Perspectives on Memetics -Cultural Transmission as a
... “Sufficient accuracy in production of descendents such that superior variants can occasionally emerge Sufficient accuracy such that, at the pop level (x), we can speak of meaningful, directional, change” (p. 10) Gil-White, Francisco (2004). Common Misunderstandings of memes (and genes). In S. Hurley ...
... “Sufficient accuracy in production of descendents such that superior variants can occasionally emerge Sufficient accuracy such that, at the pop level (x), we can speak of meaningful, directional, change” (p. 10) Gil-White, Francisco (2004). Common Misunderstandings of memes (and genes). In S. Hurley ...
Let the meme be (a meme) - Historical and Investigative Research
... number. Thanks to selection and inheritance, when a particular gene causes increased reproductive success, more copies of it are passed on, and its relative frequency in the population increases (absent frequency dependent effects, eventually the whole population will have it). Thanks to mutation, n ...
... number. Thanks to selection and inheritance, when a particular gene causes increased reproductive success, more copies of it are passed on, and its relative frequency in the population increases (absent frequency dependent effects, eventually the whole population will have it). Thanks to mutation, n ...
full text
... The most important point that has been made by evolutionary psychologists is that the environment our mental capacities have been adapted to is not necessarily the same as the environment we live in now.3 To quote one of the best known examples: preference for sugar was adaptive in the Pleistocene e ...
... The most important point that has been made by evolutionary psychologists is that the environment our mental capacities have been adapted to is not necessarily the same as the environment we live in now.3 To quote one of the best known examples: preference for sugar was adaptive in the Pleistocene e ...
Human social origins: Oh please, tell us another story
... (Knorr & Cicourel, 1981).+ Although these three sets of debates are not always formally related, they have a strong bearing on each other; all suggest that people are regenerating what society is about (as we shall demonstrate in another paper) and how it came into existence. They do this when they ...
... (Knorr & Cicourel, 1981).+ Although these three sets of debates are not always formally related, they have a strong bearing on each other; all suggest that people are regenerating what society is about (as we shall demonstrate in another paper) and how it came into existence. They do this when they ...
Deception Through Terminology
... from one of the 12 flasks to a different flask. They were always isolated from one another. For more than 20 years, by the time Dawkins wrote his book, this experiment had been continuously going on every day (and it may still be going on). All 12 of these groups of bacteria, over the years, increas ...
... from one of the 12 flasks to a different flask. They were always isolated from one another. For more than 20 years, by the time Dawkins wrote his book, this experiment had been continuously going on every day (and it may still be going on). All 12 of these groups of bacteria, over the years, increas ...
Leseprobe
... sarcastically yet seriously, let us try to teach generosity and altruism, because we are born selfish. Let us understand what our own selfish genes are up to, because we may then at least have the chance to upset their designs, something that no other species has ever aspired to.9 It is almost impos ...
... sarcastically yet seriously, let us try to teach generosity and altruism, because we are born selfish. Let us understand what our own selfish genes are up to, because we may then at least have the chance to upset their designs, something that no other species has ever aspired to.9 It is almost impos ...
The Mount Sinai Postdoc Periodical
... have very clear endpoints. Most of my work is done collaboratively in teams so I have lots of support. I also get the opportunity to attend scientific meetings so I can keep up with current research in my field. The only cons are that there is a lot riding on each project and task so it can get stre ...
... have very clear endpoints. Most of my work is done collaboratively in teams so I have lots of support. I also get the opportunity to attend scientific meetings so I can keep up with current research in my field. The only cons are that there is a lot riding on each project and task so it can get stre ...
Bibliography - Mark R. Lindner
... genomes. And according to his more general definition, and even to Dawkin’s definition of a ‘basic’ replicator, he is correct. This is directly related to Hull’s insistence on generality, which I will cover later. Sexual reproduction complicates the issue for Hull also, but again, he is more liberal ...
... genomes. And according to his more general definition, and even to Dawkin’s definition of a ‘basic’ replicator, he is correct. This is directly related to Hull’s insistence on generality, which I will cover later. Sexual reproduction complicates the issue for Hull also, but again, he is more liberal ...
Darwinian Common Descent: Fact, Faith or Both?
... successive alterations that led from the earliest protoorganism to snails, bees, giraffes, and dandelions.2 Here can see where the controversy begins; for Futuyma, there is no difference between simple change over time (which is easy to demonstrate) and DCD (which is highly speculative). For ardent ...
... successive alterations that led from the earliest protoorganism to snails, bees, giraffes, and dandelions.2 Here can see where the controversy begins; for Futuyma, there is no difference between simple change over time (which is easy to demonstrate) and DCD (which is highly speculative). For ardent ...
Extending the Extended Phenotype - synergy
... behind the sociobiological revolution, central to the emergence of behavioural ecology and evolutionary psychology, and revitalized population genetics. Labelled ‘gene-selectionism’ or ‘the gene’s-eye view’, it was a powerful new way of thinking about the process of natural selection. If we wish to ...
... behind the sociobiological revolution, central to the emergence of behavioural ecology and evolutionary psychology, and revitalized population genetics. Labelled ‘gene-selectionism’ or ‘the gene’s-eye view’, it was a powerful new way of thinking about the process of natural selection. If we wish to ...
USC3002_References - Department of Mathematics
... is a British ethologist, evolutionary biologist, and popular science writer who holds the Charles Simonyi Chair for the Public Understanding of Science at Oxford University. Dawkins first came to prominence with his 1976 book The Selfish Gene, which popularised the gene-centered view of evolution an ...
... is a British ethologist, evolutionary biologist, and popular science writer who holds the Charles Simonyi Chair for the Public Understanding of Science at Oxford University. Dawkins first came to prominence with his 1976 book The Selfish Gene, which popularised the gene-centered view of evolution an ...
Peter Kunzmann Metaphors in the Language of Darwinism
... cise: „meme” cannot be a metaphor sensu stricto, given the definition above, for it is a new word and therefore simply not capable of being transferred from one domain to another. But it is a kind o f abbreviation of an analogy or alleged „isomorphism” which implies a whole set of metaphors. Dawkins ...
... cise: „meme” cannot be a metaphor sensu stricto, given the definition above, for it is a new word and therefore simply not capable of being transferred from one domain to another. But it is a kind o f abbreviation of an analogy or alleged „isomorphism” which implies a whole set of metaphors. Dawkins ...
The Law of the Jungle: Moral Alternatives and
... copies', it is (as he admits) practically a tautology that the gene is the basic unit of natural selection and therefore, as he puts it, 'the fundamental unit of self-interest', or, as we might put it less picturesquely, the primary beneficiary of natural selection. But behind this near-tautology is ...
... copies', it is (as he admits) practically a tautology that the gene is the basic unit of natural selection and therefore, as he puts it, 'the fundamental unit of self-interest', or, as we might put it less picturesquely, the primary beneficiary of natural selection. But behind this near-tautology is ...
The Law of the Jungle: Moral Alternatives and
... copies', it is (as he admits) practically a tautology that the gene is the basic unit of natural selection and therefore, as he puts it, 'the fundamental unit of self-interest', or, as we might put it less picturesquely, the primary beneficiary of natural selection. But behind this near-tautology is ...
... copies', it is (as he admits) practically a tautology that the gene is the basic unit of natural selection and therefore, as he puts it, 'the fundamental unit of self-interest', or, as we might put it less picturesquely, the primary beneficiary of natural selection. But behind this near-tautology is ...
ZacTrust Lecture - University of Aberdeen
... The notion of “teleonomy” The idea was developed further by Jacques Monod (1910-76), who argued that teleonomy had displaced teleology in evolutionary biology. While the mechanisms which governed evolution were of interest, they had no goal. One thus could not speak meaningfully of “purpose” within ...
... The notion of “teleonomy” The idea was developed further by Jacques Monod (1910-76), who argued that teleonomy had displaced teleology in evolutionary biology. While the mechanisms which governed evolution were of interest, they had no goal. One thus could not speak meaningfully of “purpose” within ...
Darwinizing Culture: The Status of Memetics as a Science
... scholars. Dawkins cites none of it. Does the introduction of memes into the argument help us in any way to grasp why (some but not all) people believe in (very differently conceived) ‘gods’? The conclusion that there is a meme for ‘god’ and that it survives because of its psychological appeal recall ...
... scholars. Dawkins cites none of it. Does the introduction of memes into the argument help us in any way to grasp why (some but not all) people believe in (very differently conceived) ‘gods’? The conclusion that there is a meme for ‘god’ and that it survives because of its psychological appeal recall ...
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... others, to exclude outsiders, to destroy competing others, along with plain old territoriality. In a word, the small band mentality of us versus them. These drives have produced much human conflict and suffering. And over history people have been quite adept at creating all sorts of explanatory syst ...
... others, to exclude outsiders, to destroy competing others, along with plain old territoriality. In a word, the small band mentality of us versus them. These drives have produced much human conflict and suffering. And over history people have been quite adept at creating all sorts of explanatory syst ...
Lecture 2
... • At what level does natural selection occur? • Darwin “organismal” • But selection can act at other levels – Genes – Cells – (Organisms) – Groups (social insects) – Species? ...
... • At what level does natural selection occur? • Darwin “organismal” • But selection can act at other levels – Genes – Cells – (Organisms) – Groups (social insects) – Species? ...
MEMES: HOW DO FASHIONS START?
... DAWKINS Richard Dawkins is a biologist and formerly Professor of the Public Understanding of Science at Oxford University ...
... DAWKINS Richard Dawkins is a biologist and formerly Professor of the Public Understanding of Science at Oxford University ...
Richard Dawkins
Clinton Richard Dawkins /ˈdɔːkɨnz/ FRS FRSL (born 26 March 1941) is a British ethologist, evolutionary biologist, and writer. He is an emeritus fellow of New College, Oxford, and was the University of Oxford's Professor for Public Understanding of Science from 1995 until 2008.Dawkins is a noted atheist, a patron of the British Humanist Association, and a supporter of the Brights movement, and is well known for his criticism of creationism and intelligent design. In his 1986 book The Blind Watchmaker, he argues against the watchmaker analogy, an argument for the existence of a supernatural creator based upon the complexity of living organisms. Instead, he describes evolutionary processes as analogous to a blind watchmaker. Dawkins first came to prominence with his 1976 book The Selfish Gene, which popularised the gene-centred view of evolution and introduced the term meme. In 1982, he introduced into evolutionary biology the influential concept that the phenotypic effects of a gene are not necessarily limited to an organism's body, but can stretch far into the environment, including the bodies of other organisms. This concept is presented in his book The Extended Phenotype.He has since written several popular science books, and makes regular television and radio appearances, predominantly discussing these topics. In his 2006 book The God Delusion, Dawkins contends that a supernatural creator almost certainly does not exist and that religious faith is a delusion—""a fixed false belief"". As of January 2010, the English-language version had sold more than two million copies and had been translated into 31 languages. Dawkins founded the Richard Dawkins Foundation for Reason and Science to promote the teaching of evolution and to counteract those who advocate classroom programs against evolution. In 2014 he joined the global awareness movement Asteroid Day as a ""100x Signatory"".