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... • Strengthen web-based library search skills (Pubmed) • Develop skills creating hypotheses and designing experiments to test them • Sharpen skills in analysis, synthesis and presentation of results and data interpretation • Experience the collaborative nature of science ...
Section 4-2C
Section 4-2C

... 12. List two examples of things proteins help determine about you. a. ___________________________________________________________________ b. ___________________________________________________________________ ...
Fig1 from Nature Rev Mol. Cell Biol (Nov2003) 4(11):865
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... ‘mobile’ DNA: transposable elements ...
BIO114H - willisworldbio
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... All human eggs (___) cells carry a single X chromosome (23,X). Half of all sperm cells carry an __ chromosome (23,X) and half carry a _chromosome (23,Y). This ensures that about half of the zygotes will be 46,XX and half will be 46, XY. ...
Biology 303 EXAM II 3/16/99 NAME
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... heterozygote has the dominant alleles on one chromosome and the recessive alleles on the other? 1. 45% of the offspring will exhibit A and B, 45% will exhibit a and b, 5% will exhibit A and b, and 5% will exhibit a and B. 2. 40% of the offspring will exhibit A and B, 40% will exhibit a and b, 10% wi ...
A Lite Introduction toComparative Genomics
A Lite Introduction toComparative Genomics

... • SNP: Single Nucleotide Polymorphism - change in one base between two instances of the same gene • Used as genetic flags to identify traits, esp. for genetic diseases • CG goal: Identify as many SNPs as possible • Challenges – Data: need sequenced genomes from many humans along with information abo ...
Chapter 9 - HCC Learning Web
Chapter 9 - HCC Learning Web

... common in these areas (SINEs are short interspersed elements; Alu is an example) Less frequently transcribed genes also cluster, but gene density is lower and introns are larger. LINEs (long interspersed elements) occur more often in these areas In the interphase nucleus (G1, S, G2), high-density ch ...
wk1_day1_introduction_2010
wk1_day1_introduction_2010

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On Mapping the Human Genome
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... 8. Explain alternate RNA splicing. How does it enable a single gene to encode more than one kind of polypeptide? ...
Chapter 14 - The Biology Corner
Chapter 14 - The Biology Corner

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notes - Southington Public Schools
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... allowing visual proof that cells in a sample or organism got the new gene being studied. The Human Genome Genome = the complete set of genes for an organism. The human genome contains approximately 21,000-23,000 protein coding genes, made up of about 3 billion base pairs. (ATACGACCTG, etc., 3 billio ...
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Genetic Engineering and Recombinant DNA
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... leaves that Detlef Weigel of the Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology in Tubingen, Germany, and his collaborators saw in their arabidopsis plants this summer. These weeds of the mustard family normally have smooth, spoon-shaped leaves. The plants owe their gentle symmetrical curves, Weigel ...
Microbiology Babylon university 2nd stage pharmacy collage
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... adhesins, invasins, and exotoxins—as well as those that are probably involved in mobilization. Genes essential for bacterial growth are carried on the chromosome, and plasmids carry genes associated with specialized functions (Table 7–2). Many plasmids carry genes that mediate their transfer from on ...
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... various approaches have been taken… – Bone marrow removed, modified in the laboratory and placed back in the body – Modified viruses have been used to carry replacement genes into the body – Inhalation of genetically engineered viruses containing “good” genes has been attempted up to this point, gen ...
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the role of gene polymorphism in familiar cardiomyopathy

... cardiomyopathy, whereby the idiopathic forms of the disease are ascribed to unknown etiology. While the underlying cause of the disease is known to be partly genetic in nature, the contributory genes have not been fully deciphered yet. This study was designed to identify gene involved in familial (i ...
Human Heredity and Birth Defects
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... Course Description: This course covers topics including: DNA and genes; cell structure and control; what causes genetic disease, including single trait disorders, multifactorial inheritance, chromosomal abnormalities and mitochondrial disorders; autosomal and sex-linked inheritance; genetics of beha ...
bioinformatics_project
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... (ssODN) as a template. sgRNA sequences typically have the form G(N19)NGG. Cas9 nicks before NGG, which is also known as the protospacer adjacent motif, or PAM sequence. Ideally, the mutation is as close as possible to the sgRNA site without being within it so that it does not interfere with sgRNA bi ...
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Code Breaker - Georgia Tech ISyE
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... Researchers are now disalong with scientists in a variHistone code: combination of all the biochemical modificacovering that problems with ety of Emory departments, are tions that can occur in histones and associated DNA DNA methylation and histone studying methylation using differmethylation are li ...
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Human genome



The human genome is the complete set of nucleic acid sequence for humans (Homo sapiens), encoded as DNA within the 23 chromosome pairs in cell nuclei and in a small DNA molecule found within individual mitochondria. Human genomes include both protein-coding DNA genes and noncoding DNA. Haploid human genomes, which are contained in germ cells (the egg and sperm gamete cells created in the meiosis phase of sexual reproduction before fertilization creates a zygote) consist of three billion DNA base pairs, while diploid genomes (found in somatic cells) have twice the DNA content. While there are significant differences among the genomes of human individuals (on the order of 0.1%), these are considerably smaller than the differences between humans and their closest living relatives, the chimpanzees (approximately 4%) and bonobos. Humans share 50% of their DNA with bananas.The Human Genome Project produced the first complete sequences of individual human genomes, with the first draft sequence and initial analysis being published on February 12, 2001. The human genome was the first of all vertebrates to be completely sequenced. As of 2012, thousands of human genomes have been completely sequenced, and many more have been mapped at lower levels of resolution. The resulting data are used worldwide in biomedical science, anthropology, forensics and other branches of science. There is a widely held expectation that genomic studies will lead to advances in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, and to new insights in many fields of biology, including human evolution.Although the sequence of the human genome has been (almost) completely determined by DNA sequencing, it is not yet fully understood. Most (though probably not all) genes have been identified by a combination of high throughput experimental and bioinformatics approaches, yet much work still needs to be done to further elucidate the biological functions of their protein and RNA products. Recent results suggest that most of the vast quantities of noncoding DNA within the genome have associated biochemical activities, including regulation of gene expression, organization of chromosome architecture, and signals controlling epigenetic inheritance.There are an estimated 20,000-25,000 human protein-coding genes. The estimate of the number of human genes has been repeatedly revised down from initial predictions of 100,000 or more as genome sequence quality and gene finding methods have improved, and could continue to drop further. Protein-coding sequences account for only a very small fraction of the genome (approximately 1.5%), and the rest is associated with non-coding RNA molecules, regulatory DNA sequences, LINEs, SINEs, introns, and sequences for which as yet no function has been elucidated.
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