Power and Status in the Roman Empire, AD 193-284
... Table E. The Acilii (Glabriones et Aviolae) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table E. The Anicii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table E. The Bruttii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
... Table E. The Acilii (Glabriones et Aviolae) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table E. The Anicii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table E. The Bruttii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
Power and Status in the Roman Empire, ad 193–284
... Table E. The Acilii (Glabriones et Aviolae) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table E. The Anicii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table E. The Bruttii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
... Table E. The Acilii (Glabriones et Aviolae) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table E. The Anicii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table E. The Bruttii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
last modified, 15 July 2009
... Chapter 9. The Municipal Elite As we have seen, the Roman senatorial elite was not large enough to provide the Roman army with all of its junior officers even in the late third century BC1. The manpower demands of the Hannibalic war, along with the high number of casualties in defeats such as Cannae ...
... Chapter 9. The Municipal Elite As we have seen, the Roman senatorial elite was not large enough to provide the Roman army with all of its junior officers even in the late third century BC1. The manpower demands of the Hannibalic war, along with the high number of casualties in defeats such as Cannae ...
Rise of the Roman Republic Student Text
... Rome was now a republic, but the patricians held all the power. They made sure that only they could be part of the government. Only they could become senators or consuls. Plebeians had to obey their decisions. Because laws were not written down, patricians often changed or interpreted the laws to be ...
... Rome was now a republic, but the patricians held all the power. They made sure that only they could be part of the government. Only they could become senators or consuls. Plebeians had to obey their decisions. Because laws were not written down, patricians often changed or interpreted the laws to be ...
CICERO AND THE TRIAL OF VERRES1 Toe legal
... Rome. Every five years the censors in Rome called for tenders for the collection of the various taxes in the provinces, and companies of financiers (publicani) bid for the business. Contracts for specific taxes in specific provinces would be issued, and the Roman publicani would then work through of ...
... Rome. Every five years the censors in Rome called for tenders for the collection of the various taxes in the provinces, and companies of financiers (publicani) bid for the business. Contracts for specific taxes in specific provinces would be issued, and the Roman publicani would then work through of ...
THE HORSE IN ROMAN SOCIETY - Unisa Institutional Repository
... own home-grown mounts in this capacity. The equus publicus, originally a cavalry mount, no doubt continued to be drawn from this first class as well. The horse was therefore at the centre of Roman society, although his contribution often goes unremarked. He played a key role in establishing the mig ...
... own home-grown mounts in this capacity. The equus publicus, originally a cavalry mount, no doubt continued to be drawn from this first class as well. The horse was therefore at the centre of Roman society, although his contribution often goes unremarked. He played a key role in establishing the mig ...
“Where have all the leaders gone
... be polluted by the addition of unworthy members.’ 5 Moreover, it is known that Sulla was opposed to, and by, the middle class, and so it is unlikely that he would have included members from it in the new senate; in fact, he executed large numbers of them, 2600 according to Appian. But if we realise ...
... be polluted by the addition of unworthy members.’ 5 Moreover, it is known that Sulla was opposed to, and by, the middle class, and so it is unlikely that he would have included members from it in the new senate; in fact, he executed large numbers of them, 2600 according to Appian. But if we realise ...
The development of Roman mailed cavalry
... characteristics of these Turanian horses can be discerned in the sixty-nine Pazyryk horses, completely preserved in solid ice, discovered in the Altai Mountains on the Eastern border of Turan. T h e largest of the Pazyryk horses (148--150 cm. in height) must have been quite powerful : long, high nec ...
... characteristics of these Turanian horses can be discerned in the sixty-nine Pazyryk horses, completely preserved in solid ice, discovered in the Altai Mountains on the Eastern border of Turan. T h e largest of the Pazyryk horses (148--150 cm. in height) must have been quite powerful : long, high nec ...
Public Spectacles And Roman Social Relations
... were reserved for this priestly college and their dependants in the Flavian Amphitheatre Maeniano I, M(a)eniano summo II, and Maeniano summo in ligneis: CIL VI 32363 = ILS 5049, with a photo at Orlandi 2001, 90, fig. 1. ...
... were reserved for this priestly college and their dependants in the Flavian Amphitheatre Maeniano I, M(a)eniano summo II, and Maeniano summo in ligneis: CIL VI 32363 = ILS 5049, with a photo at Orlandi 2001, 90, fig. 1. ...
Rise of the Roman Republic - Mr. Bowling`s Social Studies Class
... Plebeians had to fight to get what they wanted Conflict of the Orders Conflict b/w the patricians and plebeians Very heated during times of war Plebs were forced to fight in the army even though it was the ...
... Plebeians had to fight to get what they wanted Conflict of the Orders Conflict b/w the patricians and plebeians Very heated during times of war Plebs were forced to fight in the army even though it was the ...
Polybian Romans - Aventine Miniatures
... to disorder and the enemy forces. Disordered warriors or phalanx are relatively vulnerable to the sharp gladii of the legionaries. [ Secondly, a Roman legate (legionary commander) never needs to worry about rallying his single hit units; they are either fresh or lost! If they are lost, he need only ...
... to disorder and the enemy forces. Disordered warriors or phalanx are relatively vulnerable to the sharp gladii of the legionaries. [ Secondly, a Roman legate (legionary commander) never needs to worry about rallying his single hit units; they are either fresh or lost! If they are lost, he need only ...
Culture Powerpoint - North Allegheny School District
... legion stationed at Viroconium (Wroxeter) which became undisciplined and troublesome; *his success was rewarded by a promotion to a governorship of Aquitania in Gaul (75 AD); *became a consul in Rome in 77 AD *78 AD he returned to Britain for a third time, as governor of the ...
... legion stationed at Viroconium (Wroxeter) which became undisciplined and troublesome; *his success was rewarded by a promotion to a governorship of Aquitania in Gaul (75 AD); *became a consul in Rome in 77 AD *78 AD he returned to Britain for a third time, as governor of the ...
senators
... Roman society also involved a system of patronage. Members of the upper classes – the patroni – offered protection to freedmen or plebeians, who became their "cliens." Patronage might consist of money, food, or legal help. Traditionally, any freed slaves became the cliens of their former owner. In r ...
... Roman society also involved a system of patronage. Members of the upper classes – the patroni – offered protection to freedmen or plebeians, who became their "cliens." Patronage might consist of money, food, or legal help. Traditionally, any freed slaves became the cliens of their former owner. In r ...
Chapter 13 Everyday Stateman
... been a military or plebeian tribune Was the “Treasurer” Collected the taxes and oversaw expenditures ...
... been a military or plebeian tribune Was the “Treasurer” Collected the taxes and oversaw expenditures ...
File - Coach Fleenor
... was not entrusted to a senatorial legatus, but to a praefectus legionis, an acting commander drawn from the equestrian order. The legionary commander was assisted by six military tribunes. With the exception of the units stationed in Egypt one of these tribuni was usually a young senator at the star ...
... was not entrusted to a senatorial legatus, but to a praefectus legionis, an acting commander drawn from the equestrian order. The legionary commander was assisted by six military tribunes. With the exception of the units stationed in Egypt one of these tribuni was usually a young senator at the star ...
Evolution of Roman Government 510 BCE–476 CE
... from 287 BCE. Plebeian demands for equal rights to political offices were met by 300 BCE. MAGISTRATES Elected executives of the people of Rome; normally members of the Senate. Included: ● Consuls (2) Elected to have overall authority throughout Rome and the provinces for one year. Each consul could ...
... from 287 BCE. Plebeian demands for equal rights to political offices were met by 300 BCE. MAGISTRATES Elected executives of the people of Rome; normally members of the Senate. Included: ● Consuls (2) Elected to have overall authority throughout Rome and the provinces for one year. Each consul could ...
Chpt 5 Rome Republic to Principate
... All land owning men required to perform military service (legions) Protracted wars with Carthaginians (264-202BCE), Hellenistic Kingdoms (200-146BCE) & Gaul (59-51BCE) Soldiers absent from farms for long periods of time Senatorial class (Patricians) makes huge profits from war but because of patron/ ...
... All land owning men required to perform military service (legions) Protracted wars with Carthaginians (264-202BCE), Hellenistic Kingdoms (200-146BCE) & Gaul (59-51BCE) Soldiers absent from farms for long periods of time Senatorial class (Patricians) makes huge profits from war but because of patron/ ...
Equites
The Equites (aka Latin: ordo equester, sometimes called ""knights"" in modern times because of the involvement of horses) constituted the lower of the two aristocratic classes of ancient Rome, ranking below the patricians (patricii), a hereditary caste that monopolized political power during the regal era (753 to 509 BC) and during the early Republic (to 338 BC). A member of the equestrian order was known as an eques (plural: equites).During the Roman kingdom and the 1st century of the Republic, legionary cavalry was recruited exclusively from the ranks of the patricians, who were expected to provide 6 centuriae of cavalry (300 horses for each consular legion). Around 400 BC, 12 more centuriae of cavalry were established and these included non-patricians (plebeians). Around 300 BC the Samnite Wars obliged Rome to double the normal annual military levy from 2 to 4 legions, doubling the cavalry levy from 600 to 1,200 horses. Legionary cavalry started to recruit wealthier citizens from outside the 18 centuriae. These new recruits came from the First Class of commoners in the centuriate organisation and were not granted the same privileges.By the time of the Second Punic War (218–202 BC), all the members of the First Class of commoners were required to serve as cavalrymen. The presence of equites in the Roman cavalry diminished steadily in the period 200–88 BC as only equites could serve as the army's senior officers; as the number of legions proliferated fewer were available for ordinary cavalry service. After c. 88 BC, equites were no longer drafted into the legionary cavalry, although they remained technically liable to such service throughout the Principate era (to AD 284). They continued to supply the senior officers of the army throughout the Principate.With the exception of the purely hereditary patricians, the equites were originally defined by a property threshold. The rank was passed from father to son, although members of the order who at the regular quinquennial census no longer met the property requirement were usually removed from the order's rolls by the Roman censors. In the late Republic, the property threshold stood at 50,000 denarii and was doubled to 100,000 by the emperor Augustus (sole rule 30 BC – AD 14) – roughly the equivalent to the annual salaries of 450 contemporary legionaries.In the later Republican period, Roman Senators and their offspring became an unofficial elite within the equestrian order. As senators' ability to engage in commerce was strictly limited by law, the bulk of non-agricultural activities were in the hands of non-senatorial equites. As well as holding large landed estates, equites came to dominate mining, shipping and manufacturing industry. In particular, tax farming companies (publicani) were almost all in the hands of equites.Under Augustus, the senatorial elite was given formal status (as the ordo senatorius) with a higher wealth threshold (250,000 denarii, or the pay of 1,100 legionaries) and superior rank and privileges to ordinary equites. During the Principate, equites filled the senior administrative and military posts of the imperial government. There was a clear division between jobs reserved for senators (the most senior) and those reserved for non-senatorial equites. But the career structure of both groups was broadly similar: a period of junior administrative posts in Rome or Italy, followed by a period (normally a decade) of military service as a senior army officer, followed by senior administrative or military posts in the provinces. Senators and equites formed a tiny elite of under 10,000 members who monopolised political, military and economic power in an empire of about 60 million inhabitants.During the 3rd century AD, power shifted from the Italian aristocracy to a class of equites who had earned their membership by distinguished military service, often rising from the ranks: career military officers from the provinces (especially the Balkan provinces) who displaced the Italian aristocrats in the top military posts, and under Diocletian (ruled 284–305) from the top civilian positions also. This effectively reduced the Italian aristocracy to an idle, but immensely wealthy group of large landowners. During the 4th century, the status of equites was debased to insignificance by excessive grants of the rank. At the same time the ranks of senators was swollen to over 4,000 by the establishment of a second senate in Constantinople and the tripling of the membership of both senates. The senatorial order of the 4th century was thus the equivalent of the equestrian order of the Principate.