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highlights of prescribing information
highlights of prescribing information

... Patients, their caregivers, and families should be informed that AEDs increase the risk of suicidal thoughts and behavior and should be advised of the need to be alert for the emergence or worsening of the signs and symptoms of depression, any unusual changes in mood or behavior, or the emergence of ...
NUCALA (mepolizumab)
NUCALA (mepolizumab)

... solution should be clear to opalescent and colorless to pale yellow or pale brown, essentially particle free. Small air bubbles, however, are expected and acceptable. If particulate matter remains in the solution or if the solution appears cloudy or milky, the solution must not be ...
Pediatric leukemias Cyrine-Eliana Haidar, Pharm.D., BCPS, BCOP; and Jennifer L. Pauley,
Pediatric leukemias Cyrine-Eliana Haidar, Pharm.D., BCPS, BCOP; and Jennifer L. Pauley,

... and splenomegaly. The duration of these symptoms may vary from days to months before diagnosis. T-cell ALL, which accounts for about 15% of ALL cases, has distinct clinical features. This type of ALL usually occurs in adolescent boys, presents with an elevated white blood cell (WBC) count, and is ...
Update on recent trials in the treatment of hereditary angioedema
Update on recent trials in the treatment of hereditary angioedema

... XII (Hageman factor) [6] . Type I and II HAE could per‑ haps more correctly be described as ­C1‑INH-deficiency disease and are ­clinically indistinguishable. It is estimated that HAE affects approximately 1:50,000 to 1:20,000 with no ethnic group differ‑ ences [7] . Attacks of HAE follow an unpredic ...
PID 2011 (GC update) - British Association for Sexual Health and HIV
PID 2011 (GC update) - British Association for Sexual Health and HIV

... therapy with agents effective against gonorrhoea, chlamydia and anaerobic infections should be considered taking into account local antibiotic sensitivity patterns (e.g. i.m. ceftriaxone plus oral or i.v. erythromycin, with the possible addition of oral or i.v. metronidazole 500mg 3 times daily in c ...
Perimenopausal Bleeding: How to Investigate and Treat
Perimenopausal Bleeding: How to Investigate and Treat

... with the last stages of ovarian follicular atresia, and it can last for several years in some women. It affects mainly women in their late 40s and early 50s. It is characterized by luteal phase insufficiency, declining progesterone output, and, eventually, anovulation and fluctuating estrogen levels ...
In children with moderate dehydration, oral rehydration reduced ED
In children with moderate dehydration, oral rehydration reduced ED

... Although evidence suggests that failure rates of ORT and IVT are not clinically different, existing trials were designed to test efficacy rather than equivalence. Therefore, although we can conclude that there is no evidence of a treatment difference, we cannot claim that the treatments are equivale ...
Neurological System Chart 1
Neurological System Chart 1

... Produce myelin, without these neurons subject to loss of myelin sheath Line the cavities in the brain and central canal of the spinal cord Small phagocytic mononuclear cells, important in inflammation Absent in the CNS; cancer in the brain can only spread via the CSF Produced by choroids plexus in ...
Diverticular Disease and Hemorrhoids Lance T. Uradomo, MD, MPH
Diverticular Disease and Hemorrhoids Lance T. Uradomo, MD, MPH

Microbiological surveillance in lung disease in ataxia telangiectasia
Microbiological surveillance in lung disease in ataxia telangiectasia

... 44 visits because some children would not cooperate with the cough swabs (bacteria, n521; viruses, n520) or there was in error in sample processing (bacteria, n53; viruses, n524). Results are summarised table 1: of the 86 samples (83 cough swabs and three sputum samples) (median age 9.24 years, 40 m ...
Summary of findings
Summary of findings

... Although most respondents (71%) indicated that their practice performed on-site influenza testing, a sizable minority (28%; n=31) did not perform such testing. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported similar findings in a recent study of primary care providers from four states.1 In o ...
The clinical spectrum of Erdheim-Chester disease
The clinical spectrum of Erdheim-Chester disease

... a fibrotic stromal background, with occasional plasma cells and lymphocytes.7,9 Macrophages test positive for CD68, CD163, and factor XIIIa and negative for CD1a and CD207, with 20% positivity for S-100.7,9 After diagnosis, some patients with severe forms of disease can succumb to the illness even w ...
managing lyme disease - Dr. E. Murakami Centre for Lyme
managing lyme disease - Dr. E. Murakami Centre for Lyme

... A huge body of research and clinical experience has demonstrated the nearly universal phenomenon in Lyme patients of co-infection with multiple tick-borne pathogens. Significant numbers of Lyme patients have been shown to also carry Babesia species, Ehrlichias, Anaplasmas, Mycoplasmas, Bartonellas a ...
Argatroban versus Lepirudin in critically ill patients (ALicia): a
Argatroban versus Lepirudin in critically ill patients (ALicia): a

... heparin administration. The overall incidence of confirmed HIT in critically ill patients in general is relatively low, in the range of 0.5% [4], but increases up to 28% in subgroups preselected by clinical symptoms [5]. As soon as HIT is suspected, patients require an alternative anticoagulant [6]. ...
Hemorrhoids - ACI Limited
Hemorrhoids - ACI Limited

... the straining that can help to prevent hemorrhoids. People should add more fiber to diet and should set a goal of 25 to 30 grams of fiber daily, from such high fiber foods as beans, broccoli, carrots, bran, whole grains and fresh fruits. Alternatively, many people find that it is more convenient to ...
Platform Session I - North American Neuro
Platform Session I - North American Neuro

... Pathologic reversal of inflammatory response takes 9-12 months or sometimes longer in 20 percent of the patients studied. The CD4 T cells are the primary mediators of the inflammatory response. Th1 cells that produce interferon gamma, among other cytokines and Th17 cells that produce interleukine-17 ...
EPT - STD Prevention Online
EPT - STD Prevention Online

... http://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment/ 2008 Recommendations for Integrated Partner Services http://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/partners/ ...
Videostroboscopy in Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disorder
Videostroboscopy in Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disorder

... that a direct correlation exists between dysphonia and LPR, which gradually progresses over time due to contributory factors like arytenoid muscles dysfunction and chronic vocal fatigue resulting from the stress of glottic insufficiency compensation. Videostroboscopic assessment periodically done du ...
Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in emergency setting
Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in emergency setting

... binding at a value of around 95% (likely to be modified by competing drugs), hepatic metabolism (with possible enzyme induction and inhibition). The last two categories mentioned earlier are new-generation oral anticoagulant agents also known as direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) used for the preven ...
Ivacaftor for children aged 2-5 years with cystic fibrosis
Ivacaftor for children aged 2-5 years with cystic fibrosis

... The results of all four RCTs show a statistical significance; increase in FEV1 (P<0.001), decrease in sweat chloride concentration (P< 0.0001) and increase in weight (P =0.0004) in patients receiving treatment with ivacaftor 150mg twice a day at 48 weeks. A double blind study (Davies et al, 2013) in ...
TechTalkCEDECENG - Canadian Healthcare Network
TechTalkCEDECENG - Canadian Healthcare Network

... reliable form of contraception, this treatment option offers a combined advantage. When oral contraceptives are first initiated, however, the side effects of breast tenderness, headache, bloating and depression may actually make PMS symptoms worse. While trials have concluded that contraceptives are ...
Attachment: Product Information: Pertuzumab (rch)
Attachment: Product Information: Pertuzumab (rch)

... PM-2012-00311-3-4 Date of Finalisation: 1 October 2013. This Product Information was approved at the time this AusPAR was published. f_ttev1_irf_pfs_i Kaplan-Meier Curve of IRF-Assessed Progression-Free Survival Time (months) by Trial Treatment ...
sore throat
sore throat

... Dose: 1 tablet dissolved under the tongue 3 to 5 times/day NOTE Dissolve lozenge in mouth at least 15 minutes after meal. ...
Volume 25 - No 8: Streptococcus anginosus
Volume 25 - No 8: Streptococcus anginosus

... Bacteria can reach the brain by several different mechanisms, the most common of which is spread from a contiguous focus of infection such as middle ear, mastoid cells, or paranasal sinuses. Abscesses related to sinusitis tend to affect the frontal lobe, though the temporal lobes or sella turcica ar ...
Strongyloides stercoralis infection
Strongyloides stercoralis infection

... helminth infections, stool microscopy has low sensitivity for detecting S stercoralis (around 50%) because of intermittent larval excretion and low infectious burden.13  14 Certain stool concentration techniques performed in the laboratory, such as the Baermann technique and modified agar plate meth ...
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Management of multiple sclerosis



Several therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS) exist, although there is no known cure. Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS).The most common initial course of the disease is the relapsing-remitting subtype, which is characterized by unpredictable attacks (relapses) followed by periods of relative remission with no new signs of disease activity. After some years, many of the people who have this subtype begin to experience neurologic decline without acute relapses. When this happens it is called secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Other, less common, courses of the disease are the primary progressive (decline from the beginning without attacks) and the progressive-relapsing (steady neurologic decline and superimposed attacks). Different therapies are used for patients experiencing acute attacks, for patients who have the relapsing-remitting subtype, for patients who have the progressive subtypes, for patients without a diagnosis of MS who have a demyelinating event, and for managing the various consequences of MS.The primary aims of therapy are returning function after an attack, preventing new attacks, and preventing disability. As with any medical treatment, medications used in the management of MS may have several adverse effects, and many possible therapies are still under investigation. At the same time different alternative treatments are pursued by many patients, despite the paucity of supporting, comparable, replicated scientific study.This article focuses on therapies for standard MS; borderline forms of MS have particular treatments that are excluded.
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