Effects of yoga on the autonomic nervous system
... ‘yoga’ is used to encompass ancient and modern mind–body techniques, including all forms of yoga and other traditions that incorporate postures, meditation, chanting or breathing techniques. Anatomy of the autonomic nervous system The ANS is comprised of the SNS and the PNS. The main peripheral path ...
... ‘yoga’ is used to encompass ancient and modern mind–body techniques, including all forms of yoga and other traditions that incorporate postures, meditation, chanting or breathing techniques. Anatomy of the autonomic nervous system The ANS is comprised of the SNS and the PNS. The main peripheral path ...
Ethological Aspects of Stress in a Model Lizard, Anolis carolinensis1
... were more intense than when the eyespot was not covered or artificially provided. In other words, the perception of an eyespot appeared to suppress aggression. When the brains of such animals were studied, Korzan documented elevations in 5HT and NE in hippocampus as well as several other sites. The ...
... were more intense than when the eyespot was not covered or artificially provided. In other words, the perception of an eyespot appeared to suppress aggression. When the brains of such animals were studied, Korzan documented elevations in 5HT and NE in hippocampus as well as several other sites. The ...
Neuroimaging findings in post-traumatic stress disorder Systematic
... localised functional changes include increased activation of the amygdala after symptom provocation (which may reflect its role in emotional memory) and decreased activity of Broca’s area atthe same time (which may explain the difficulty patients have in labelling their experiences). Conclusions Evi ...
... localised functional changes include increased activation of the amygdala after symptom provocation (which may reflect its role in emotional memory) and decreased activity of Broca’s area atthe same time (which may explain the difficulty patients have in labelling their experiences). Conclusions Evi ...
Cytokines, prostaglandins and nitric oxide in the regulation of stress
... stress. Proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1b (IL-1b), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) are implicated in the etiologies of clinical depression and anxiety disorders. Prolonged stress responses and cytokines impair neuronal plasticity and stimulation of neurotra ...
... stress. Proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1b (IL-1b), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) are implicated in the etiologies of clinical depression and anxiety disorders. Prolonged stress responses and cytokines impair neuronal plasticity and stimulation of neurotra ...
Chapter 5 Discussion - Trace: Tennessee Research and Creative
... A convenience sample of 130 undergraduate students from our psychology department human subjects’ research pool provided survey data and salivary cortisol samples. Four validity items were included to screen for random or inattentive responding on the paper and pencil survey (e.g. “Please code a fiv ...
... A convenience sample of 130 undergraduate students from our psychology department human subjects’ research pool provided survey data and salivary cortisol samples. Four validity items were included to screen for random or inattentive responding on the paper and pencil survey (e.g. “Please code a fiv ...
NOBA Memory (Encoding, Storage, Retrieval)
... Whenever forgetting or misremembering occurs, we can ask, at which stage in the learning/ memory process was there a failure?—though it is often difficult to answer this question with precision. One reason for this inaccuracy is that the three stages are not as discrete as our description implies. R ...
... Whenever forgetting or misremembering occurs, we can ask, at which stage in the learning/ memory process was there a failure?—though it is often difficult to answer this question with precision. One reason for this inaccuracy is that the three stages are not as discrete as our description implies. R ...
Le trouble déficitaire de l`attention - University of Ottawa
... Yet, at the same time, the degree to which one engages in active coping does not vary systematically with background characteristics and does not systematically predict directly the emotional responses to stressful events, even though these are, in themselves, moderately correlated to stressful even ...
... Yet, at the same time, the degree to which one engages in active coping does not vary systematically with background characteristics and does not systematically predict directly the emotional responses to stressful events, even though these are, in themselves, moderately correlated to stressful even ...
S - 7473-2390-3942 Accountability in United States
... Prenatal Distress and Anxiety and Fetal Neurobehavioral Development 10 Studies have revealed that prenatal stress has significant impact on placental roles. In this light, constant exposure to stress during gestation alters the functions of the placental some of which relates to fetal brain develop ...
... Prenatal Distress and Anxiety and Fetal Neurobehavioral Development 10 Studies have revealed that prenatal stress has significant impact on placental roles. In this light, constant exposure to stress during gestation alters the functions of the placental some of which relates to fetal brain develop ...
Stress and decision making - Ruhr
... Previous studies have shown a relationship between performance of decision making under risk, reasoning abilities, and executive functions [40,41]. To assure that decision-making performance would not be affected by a group difference in reasoning abilities/executive functioning, we assessed logical ...
... Previous studies have shown a relationship between performance of decision making under risk, reasoning abilities, and executive functions [40,41]. To assure that decision-making performance would not be affected by a group difference in reasoning abilities/executive functioning, we assessed logical ...
Overgeneralized autobiographical memory and future
... that remote memories overlapping with military deployment may be characteristically different than recent memories and future events. The pairing of list with time period was counterbalanced, and the order of the words within a list was randomly determined. An additional four words were selected fro ...
... that remote memories overlapping with military deployment may be characteristically different than recent memories and future events. The pairing of list with time period was counterbalanced, and the order of the words within a list was randomly determined. An additional four words were selected fro ...
Impact of early-life stress on the medial prefrontal cortex functions
... In contrast, there are very few research reports concerning the impact of ELS on the neural activity and functional plasticity of the mPFC, especially on LTP processes. It was found that ELS decreased the metabolic activity of the mPFC in juveniles [6]. It was also shown that in adult rats, MS reduc ...
... In contrast, there are very few research reports concerning the impact of ELS on the neural activity and functional plasticity of the mPFC, especially on LTP processes. It was found that ELS decreased the metabolic activity of the mPFC in juveniles [6]. It was also shown that in adult rats, MS reduc ...
Occlusion and brain function: mastication as a prevention of
... Tunney (59) examined this hypothesis using a withinsubjects design where subjects were tested under the combined condition of either chewing gum or sucking a mint tablet after consuming either glucose drink or water. Their results confirmed that chewing gum and the consumption of glucose had additiv ...
... Tunney (59) examined this hypothesis using a withinsubjects design where subjects were tested under the combined condition of either chewing gum or sucking a mint tablet after consuming either glucose drink or water. Their results confirmed that chewing gum and the consumption of glucose had additiv ...
The basis of the stress reaction
... discrepancy between what is observed or sensed and what is expected or programmed elicits patterned, compensatory responses. In extreme understanding, stress can be anything that contributes to virtually any disease in humans3. In our view, stress is the body’s response to strain (inner or outer). T ...
... discrepancy between what is observed or sensed and what is expected or programmed elicits patterned, compensatory responses. In extreme understanding, stress can be anything that contributes to virtually any disease in humans3. In our view, stress is the body’s response to strain (inner or outer). T ...
Neuromodulation of Aerobic Exercise—A Review
... gene have lower BDNF expression, smaller hippocampal volume and relatively low performance on memory tasks. These same people (mean age studied = 23 years) appear to have a more positive mood response to acute, moderate intensity exercise (Hooper et al., 2014). This result is particularly interestin ...
... gene have lower BDNF expression, smaller hippocampal volume and relatively low performance on memory tasks. These same people (mean age studied = 23 years) appear to have a more positive mood response to acute, moderate intensity exercise (Hooper et al., 2014). This result is particularly interestin ...
AS EDEXCEL PSYCHOLOGY 2008 ONWARDS
... When this change occurs a memory trace (or engram) is laid down. This trace becomes stronger through repetition and rehearsal. Forgetting occurs when the memory trace is not strengthened by practice, then the trace begins to break up and disintegrate. Disuse and the passage of time inevitably ...
... When this change occurs a memory trace (or engram) is laid down. This trace becomes stronger through repetition and rehearsal. Forgetting occurs when the memory trace is not strengthened by practice, then the trace begins to break up and disintegrate. Disuse and the passage of time inevitably ...
What is spatial memory? Short-term spatial memory Spatial working
... Spatial memories are formed after information are gathered, and processes sensory information about its surroundings (especially vision and proprioception). In general, mammals require a functioning hippocampus (particularly area CA1) in order to form and process memories about space. There is some ...
... Spatial memories are formed after information are gathered, and processes sensory information about its surroundings (especially vision and proprioception). In general, mammals require a functioning hippocampus (particularly area CA1) in order to form and process memories about space. There is some ...
The organisation of the stress response, and its relevance to
... human body had a finite amount of adaptable energy, and opined that a stressor whether pleasant or not, was irrelevant because any type of stress required adaptation to manifest. The important criterion was the intensity of the demand, and whether the body could meet that demand with an appropriate ...
... human body had a finite amount of adaptable energy, and opined that a stressor whether pleasant or not, was irrelevant because any type of stress required adaptation to manifest. The important criterion was the intensity of the demand, and whether the body could meet that demand with an appropriate ...
The stress-coping (mis)match hypothesis for nature×nurture
... this environment-driven variability is mediated by genotype. Rather, it is their view that experience can shape plasticity, and that a ‘fit’ between the person and his/her environment determines ‘for-better-and-for-worse’ outcomes. This evolutionary grounded view relates to the ‘environmental mismat ...
... this environment-driven variability is mediated by genotype. Rather, it is their view that experience can shape plasticity, and that a ‘fit’ between the person and his/her environment determines ‘for-better-and-for-worse’ outcomes. This evolutionary grounded view relates to the ‘environmental mismat ...
Medical Events & Traumatic Stress in Children and Families
... Psychosocial intervention strategies during cancer treatment • Reduce anxiety in children and families. • Reduce child pain and distress. • Help families seek out support. • Pay attention to the impact of treatment-related events (e.g., ICU admission, death of another patient). • Help families deve ...
... Psychosocial intervention strategies during cancer treatment • Reduce anxiety in children and families. • Reduce child pain and distress. • Help families seek out support. • Pay attention to the impact of treatment-related events (e.g., ICU admission, death of another patient). • Help families deve ...
Commonalities - National Child Traumatic Stress Network
... Psychosocial intervention strategies during cancer treatment • Reduce anxiety in children and families. • Reduce child pain and distress. • Help families seek out support. • Pay attention to the impact of treatment-related events (e.g., ICU admission, death of another patient). • Help families deve ...
... Psychosocial intervention strategies during cancer treatment • Reduce anxiety in children and families. • Reduce child pain and distress. • Help families seek out support. • Pay attention to the impact of treatment-related events (e.g., ICU admission, death of another patient). • Help families deve ...
Understanding Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
... devastation. All of these trauma generated emotions, fear, anxiety, and anger are emotions that have strong physiological components and can actually change the body’s chemistry. In a dangerous situation, the adrenal glands begin to pump either adrenaline or noradrenaline into the body. Adrenaline c ...
... devastation. All of these trauma generated emotions, fear, anxiety, and anger are emotions that have strong physiological components and can actually change the body’s chemistry. In a dangerous situation, the adrenal glands begin to pump either adrenaline or noradrenaline into the body. Adrenaline c ...
Early pulmonary response to allergen is attenuated during acute
... on the airway constriction that occurs within minutes of antigen inhalation (early pulmonary response) in this same population. The aim of this study was to examine this effect in eight females with allergic asthma. Each subject was challenged with increasing concentrations of inhaled allergen on a ...
... on the airway constriction that occurs within minutes of antigen inhalation (early pulmonary response) in this same population. The aim of this study was to examine this effect in eight females with allergic asthma. Each subject was challenged with increasing concentrations of inhaled allergen on a ...
A cognitive neuroscience account of posttraumatic stress disorder
... knowledge base, so that the trauma is represented within a complete personal context comprising past, present, and future. They contain information that the individual has attended to before, during, and after the traumatic event, and that received sufficient conscious processing to be transferred t ...
... knowledge base, so that the trauma is represented within a complete personal context comprising past, present, and future. They contain information that the individual has attended to before, during, and after the traumatic event, and that received sufficient conscious processing to be transferred t ...
Memory - Cognitive Science Department
... – Some researchers have suggested that working memory and short-term memory are the same, or at least that working memory uses short-term memory (working memory = short-term memory + attention?) – On the other hand, while many short-term experiments may turn out to be working memory experiments (e.g ...
... – Some researchers have suggested that working memory and short-term memory are the same, or at least that working memory uses short-term memory (working memory = short-term memory + attention?) – On the other hand, while many short-term experiments may turn out to be working memory experiments (e.g ...
Psychology of Learning - Lehrstuhl für Pädagogik
... piece of information transfers it into long-term memory. Experiments also suggest that learning time is most effective if it is distributed over time. Deletion is mainly caused by decay and interference. Emotional factors also affect long-term memory. However, it is debatable whether we actually eve ...
... piece of information transfers it into long-term memory. Experiments also suggest that learning time is most effective if it is distributed over time. Deletion is mainly caused by decay and interference. Emotional factors also affect long-term memory. However, it is debatable whether we actually eve ...
Effects of stress on memory
The effects of stress on memory include interference with a person's capacity to encode memory and the ability to retrieve information. During times of stress, the body reacts by secreting stress hormones into the bloodstream. Stress can cause acute and chronic changes in certain brain areas which can cause long-term damage. Over-secretion of stress hormones most frequently affects memory negatively, but in a few cases can affect it positively. In particular, the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex and the amygdala are affected. One class of stress hormone responsible for negatively affecting memory is the glucocorticoids (GCs), the most notable of which is cortisol. Glucocorticoids facilitate and impair the actions of stress in the brain memory process. Cortisol is a known biomarker for stress. Under normal circumstances, the hippocampus regulates the production of cortisol through negative feedback because it has many receptors that are sensitive to these stress hormones. However, an excess of cortisol can impair the ability of the hippocampus to both encode and recall memories. These stress hormones are also hindering the hippocampus from receiving enough energy by diverting glucose levels to surrounding muscles.Stress affects many memory functions and cognitive functioning of the brain. There are different levels of stress and the high levels can be intrinsic or extrinsic. Intrinsic stress level is triggered by a cognitive challenge whereas extrinsic can be triggered by a condition not related to a cognitive task. Intrinsic stress can be acutely and chronically experienced by a person. The varying effects of stress on performance or stress hormones are often compared to or known as “inverted-u” which induce areas in learning, memory and plasticity. Chronic stress can affect the brain structure and cognition.Studies considered the effects of stress on both intrinsic and extrinsic memory functions, using for both of them Pavlovian conditioning and spatial learning. In regard to intrinsic memory functions, the study evaluated how stress affected memory functions that was triggered by a learning challenge. In regard to extrinsic stress, the study focused on stress that was not related to cognitive task but was elicited by other situations. The results determined that intrinsic stress was facilitated by memory consolidation process and extrinsic stress was determined to be heterogeneous in regard to memory consolidation. Researchers found that high stress conditions were a good representative of the impact that extrinsic stress can cause on memory functioning. It was also proven that extrinsic stress does have an impact on spatial learning whereas acute extrinsic stress does not.