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... 1) Does not allow adiabatic transfer of energy and momentum transfer between the electromagnetic field and particles; 2) Does not allow dissipation; 3) Fast wavespeed equals to c; 4) Often breaks down; ...
... 1) Does not allow adiabatic transfer of energy and momentum transfer between the electromagnetic field and particles; 2) Does not allow dissipation; 3) Fast wavespeed equals to c; 4) Often breaks down; ...
Lecture 13 - McMaster Physics and Astronomy
... One useful result: for elastic collisions, the magnitude of the relative velocity is the same before and after the collision: |v1,i – v2,i | = |v1,f – v2,f | (This is true for elastic collisions in 2 and 3 dimensions as well). An important case is a particle directed at a stationary target (v2,i = ...
... One useful result: for elastic collisions, the magnitude of the relative velocity is the same before and after the collision: |v1,i – v2,i | = |v1,f – v2,f | (This is true for elastic collisions in 2 and 3 dimensions as well). An important case is a particle directed at a stationary target (v2,i = ...
Gauss` law - spherical symmetry
... 2. For infinite layer of the width h (0 < z < h), if z > h or z < 0 the solution is identical to the one for the infinite plane. In the case 0 < z < h we construct a shell of area S symmetrical relatively to the middle of the layer - its its bottom plate is at z, the top plate is at h − z and the he ...
... 2. For infinite layer of the width h (0 < z < h), if z > h or z < 0 the solution is identical to the one for the infinite plane. In the case 0 < z < h we construct a shell of area S symmetrical relatively to the middle of the layer - its its bottom plate is at z, the top plate is at h − z and the he ...
Renormalization
In quantum field theory, the statistical mechanics of fields, and the theory of self-similar geometric structures, renormalization is any of a collection of techniques used to treat infinities arising in calculated quantities.Renormalization specifies relationships between parameters in the theory when the parameters describing large distance scales differ from the parameters describing small distances. Physically, the pileup of contributions from an infinity of scales involved in a problem may then result in infinities. When describing space and time as a continuum, certain statistical and quantum mechanical constructions are ill defined. To define them, this continuum limit, the removal of the ""construction scaffolding"" of lattices at various scales, has to be taken carefully, as detailed below.Renormalization was first developed in quantum electrodynamics (QED) to make sense of infinite integrals in perturbation theory. Initially viewed as a suspect provisional procedure even by some of its originators, renormalization eventually was embraced as an important and self-consistent actual mechanism of scale physics in several fields of physics and mathematics. Today, the point of view has shifted: on the basis of the breakthrough renormalization group insights of Kenneth Wilson, the focus is on variation of physical quantities across contiguous scales, while distant scales are related to each other through ""effective"" descriptions. All scales are linked in a broadly systematic way, and the actual physics pertinent to each is extracted with the suitable specific computational techniques appropriate for each.