Classical Physics versus Quantum Physics: An Overview
... dependence of the energy of the ejected photons on the intensity of the incident radiation.The failure of some frequencies of light to eject any photons from the metal surface is based on the fact that the incident photons have energy less than the work function of the metal. Photoelectric effect wa ...
... dependence of the energy of the ejected photons on the intensity of the incident radiation.The failure of some frequencies of light to eject any photons from the metal surface is based on the fact that the incident photons have energy less than the work function of the metal. Photoelectric effect wa ...
Chapter 30 Quantum Physics
... had not had before. This leads to the uncertainty principle: If we know the position of a particle with greater precision, its momentum is more uncertain; if we know the momentum of a particle with greater precision, its position is more uncertain. ...
... had not had before. This leads to the uncertainty principle: If we know the position of a particle with greater precision, its momentum is more uncertain; if we know the momentum of a particle with greater precision, its position is more uncertain. ...
Path Integrals
... where the time interval from ti to tf is discretized into N steps as before. The fact that the measure factor in Eq. (2.12) involves qi rather than qf originates in the fact that we chose to order the quantum Hamiltonian so that p̂ is to the left of q̂, rather than the other way around. It is clear ...
... where the time interval from ti to tf is discretized into N steps as before. The fact that the measure factor in Eq. (2.12) involves qi rather than qf originates in the fact that we chose to order the quantum Hamiltonian so that p̂ is to the left of q̂, rather than the other way around. It is clear ...
`Cutoff Frequency` of Quantum-Dot Single-Electron Pump - e-SI-Amp
... in localized quasibound states on QD. We presume that the nonadiabatic excitations could lead to influence the pumping accuracy, which was neglected in the model [1]. Focusing on the nonadiabatic effects on the quasibound state, we searched for relationships between the ‘cutoff frequency’ fc and the ...
... in localized quasibound states on QD. We presume that the nonadiabatic excitations could lead to influence the pumping accuracy, which was neglected in the model [1]. Focusing on the nonadiabatic effects on the quasibound state, we searched for relationships between the ‘cutoff frequency’ fc and the ...
information - Clay and Iron
... configurations, depending on their electrical polarization. The dimers may represent the on-off switch which Hebb thought of as part of the Engram concept. The problem with his conclusion is that these components are so small that the electrical state of each dimer is influenced by the polarity and ...
... configurations, depending on their electrical polarization. The dimers may represent the on-off switch which Hebb thought of as part of the Engram concept. The problem with his conclusion is that these components are so small that the electrical state of each dimer is influenced by the polarity and ...
Quantum Phase Transitions
... Here τ is imaginary time, there is an implied summation over the n values of the index a, c is a velocity, and s and u > 0 are coupling constants. This is a field theory in d + 1 spacetime dimensions, in which the Ising chain corresponds to d = 1 and the dimer antiferromagnet to d = 2. The quantum p ...
... Here τ is imaginary time, there is an implied summation over the n values of the index a, c is a velocity, and s and u > 0 are coupling constants. This is a field theory in d + 1 spacetime dimensions, in which the Ising chain corresponds to d = 1 and the dimer antiferromagnet to d = 2. The quantum p ...
Renormalization
In quantum field theory, the statistical mechanics of fields, and the theory of self-similar geometric structures, renormalization is any of a collection of techniques used to treat infinities arising in calculated quantities.Renormalization specifies relationships between parameters in the theory when the parameters describing large distance scales differ from the parameters describing small distances. Physically, the pileup of contributions from an infinity of scales involved in a problem may then result in infinities. When describing space and time as a continuum, certain statistical and quantum mechanical constructions are ill defined. To define them, this continuum limit, the removal of the ""construction scaffolding"" of lattices at various scales, has to be taken carefully, as detailed below.Renormalization was first developed in quantum electrodynamics (QED) to make sense of infinite integrals in perturbation theory. Initially viewed as a suspect provisional procedure even by some of its originators, renormalization eventually was embraced as an important and self-consistent actual mechanism of scale physics in several fields of physics and mathematics. Today, the point of view has shifted: on the basis of the breakthrough renormalization group insights of Kenneth Wilson, the focus is on variation of physical quantities across contiguous scales, while distant scales are related to each other through ""effective"" descriptions. All scales are linked in a broadly systematic way, and the actual physics pertinent to each is extracted with the suitable specific computational techniques appropriate for each.