Is gravitational mass of a composite quantum body equivalent to its
... general relativity and show that it does not commute with energy operator, taken in the absence of gravitational field. Nevertheless, the equivalence between the expectation values of passive gravitational mass and energy is shown to survive for stationary quantum states. Inequivalence between passi ...
... general relativity and show that it does not commute with energy operator, taken in the absence of gravitational field. Nevertheless, the equivalence between the expectation values of passive gravitational mass and energy is shown to survive for stationary quantum states. Inequivalence between passi ...
Spectroscopy studies of few particle effects in pyramidal quantum dots Daniel Dufåker
... excitations of particles during recombination of exciton complexes in quantum dots, reducing the energy of the emitted photon. Different exciton complexes are defined according to the number of electrons and holes in the quantum dot upon recombination. The neutral exciton complexes with one electron ...
... excitations of particles during recombination of exciton complexes in quantum dots, reducing the energy of the emitted photon. Different exciton complexes are defined according to the number of electrons and holes in the quantum dot upon recombination. The neutral exciton complexes with one electron ...
... (metallic grains). As we analytically show, the Zeeman effect induced by a parallel magnetic field can establish such separation criterion. More specifically, the phenomenological signal that distinguishes the two alluded systems appears more strongly in the noise, and very weakly in the conductance ...
Heisenberg`s uncertainty principle in financial markets
... to photons by catalysts, i.e. not all of the energy is “radiated”, then objects emerge which can be considered as emitters of photons and have a rest mass > 0 . In order to properly define rest mass and position of rest mass, additional information of the environment Env is required, in particular ...
... to photons by catalysts, i.e. not all of the energy is “radiated”, then objects emerge which can be considered as emitters of photons and have a rest mass > 0 . In order to properly define rest mass and position of rest mass, additional information of the environment Env is required, in particular ...
Particle Physics on Noncommutative Spaces
... theories with a fundamental length are thus very interesting. • A class of models with a fundamental length are gauge theories on noncommutative spaces (length ~ ). • Noncommutative coordinates appear in nature: e.g. hydrogen atom in a strong B field (first Landau level can be described in terms o ...
... theories with a fundamental length are thus very interesting. • A class of models with a fundamental length are gauge theories on noncommutative spaces (length ~ ). • Noncommutative coordinates appear in nature: e.g. hydrogen atom in a strong B field (first Landau level can be described in terms o ...
pages 851-900 - Light and Matter
... numbers of photons: four photons in figure i/3, for example. A wrong interpretation: photons interfering with each other One possible interpretation of wave-particle duality that occurred to physicists early in the game was that perhaps the interference effects came from photons interacting with eac ...
... numbers of photons: four photons in figure i/3, for example. A wrong interpretation: photons interfering with each other One possible interpretation of wave-particle duality that occurred to physicists early in the game was that perhaps the interference effects came from photons interacting with eac ...
Level 2 Electromagnetism Loop Answers
... Electromagnetism Loop - the questions will cycle so you will see them again! ...
... Electromagnetism Loop - the questions will cycle so you will see them again! ...
- Philsci
... the measurement result can only be one of the eigenvalues of observable A , say ai , with a certain probability pi . The expectation value of A is then obtained as the statistical average of eigenvalues for an ensemble of identical systems, namely A ...
... the measurement result can only be one of the eigenvalues of observable A , say ai , with a certain probability pi . The expectation value of A is then obtained as the statistical average of eigenvalues for an ensemble of identical systems, namely A ...
The Large Hadron Collider, or LHC, is the most powerful particle
... matter and antimatter. Almost immediately, though, they annihilated each other. But for some reason there was more matter than antimatter and that left over matter survived to create the cosmos. This and dark matter (undetectable material that exists in space) could be observable for the first time ...
... matter and antimatter. Almost immediately, though, they annihilated each other. But for some reason there was more matter than antimatter and that left over matter survived to create the cosmos. This and dark matter (undetectable material that exists in space) could be observable for the first time ...
Renormalization
In quantum field theory, the statistical mechanics of fields, and the theory of self-similar geometric structures, renormalization is any of a collection of techniques used to treat infinities arising in calculated quantities.Renormalization specifies relationships between parameters in the theory when the parameters describing large distance scales differ from the parameters describing small distances. Physically, the pileup of contributions from an infinity of scales involved in a problem may then result in infinities. When describing space and time as a continuum, certain statistical and quantum mechanical constructions are ill defined. To define them, this continuum limit, the removal of the ""construction scaffolding"" of lattices at various scales, has to be taken carefully, as detailed below.Renormalization was first developed in quantum electrodynamics (QED) to make sense of infinite integrals in perturbation theory. Initially viewed as a suspect provisional procedure even by some of its originators, renormalization eventually was embraced as an important and self-consistent actual mechanism of scale physics in several fields of physics and mathematics. Today, the point of view has shifted: on the basis of the breakthrough renormalization group insights of Kenneth Wilson, the focus is on variation of physical quantities across contiguous scales, while distant scales are related to each other through ""effective"" descriptions. All scales are linked in a broadly systematic way, and the actual physics pertinent to each is extracted with the suitable specific computational techniques appropriate for each.