Relation between the field quadratures and the characteristic
... where we have defined β = η(eiΩt − 1). Note that a value of β defines only one point in the dual phase space, or in other words, a particular set of parameters, such as interaction time, mirror-field interaction constant, etc., define only one value of β. The transformation of the characteristic fun ...
... where we have defined β = η(eiΩt − 1). Note that a value of β defines only one point in the dual phase space, or in other words, a particular set of parameters, such as interaction time, mirror-field interaction constant, etc., define only one value of β. The transformation of the characteristic fun ...
Louis de Broglie
... Recalling the origins of his discovery, de Broglie in a lecture delivered in 1945 said: “Thirty years ago, physics was divided into two camps:…physics of matter, based on the concepts of particles and atoms which were supposed to obey the laws of classical Newtonian mechanics, and the physics of rad ...
... Recalling the origins of his discovery, de Broglie in a lecture delivered in 1945 said: “Thirty years ago, physics was divided into two camps:…physics of matter, based on the concepts of particles and atoms which were supposed to obey the laws of classical Newtonian mechanics, and the physics of rad ...
Renormalization
In quantum field theory, the statistical mechanics of fields, and the theory of self-similar geometric structures, renormalization is any of a collection of techniques used to treat infinities arising in calculated quantities.Renormalization specifies relationships between parameters in the theory when the parameters describing large distance scales differ from the parameters describing small distances. Physically, the pileup of contributions from an infinity of scales involved in a problem may then result in infinities. When describing space and time as a continuum, certain statistical and quantum mechanical constructions are ill defined. To define them, this continuum limit, the removal of the ""construction scaffolding"" of lattices at various scales, has to be taken carefully, as detailed below.Renormalization was first developed in quantum electrodynamics (QED) to make sense of infinite integrals in perturbation theory. Initially viewed as a suspect provisional procedure even by some of its originators, renormalization eventually was embraced as an important and self-consistent actual mechanism of scale physics in several fields of physics and mathematics. Today, the point of view has shifted: on the basis of the breakthrough renormalization group insights of Kenneth Wilson, the focus is on variation of physical quantities across contiguous scales, while distant scales are related to each other through ""effective"" descriptions. All scales are linked in a broadly systematic way, and the actual physics pertinent to each is extracted with the suitable specific computational techniques appropriate for each.