When Energy Conservation Seems to Fail: The Prediction of the
... magnetic moments would cancel each other, and that there would be only the very small effect of the proton magnetism. Vice versa, it was expected a very large fine structure separation for the atoms with an odd number of electrons, since in these cases there would be a predominant effect of the elec ...
... magnetic moments would cancel each other, and that there would be only the very small effect of the proton magnetism. Vice versa, it was expected a very large fine structure separation for the atoms with an odd number of electrons, since in these cases there would be a predominant effect of the elec ...
Chapter Four - Seeking Wisdom
... global general relativity. Now we have already seen that the roots of quantum theory lie in the irrationalist currents which swept Europe in the years between the first and second world wars --the years which saw the rise of fascism and the preparation of the Shoah. Quantum theory alone, however, d ...
... global general relativity. Now we have already seen that the roots of quantum theory lie in the irrationalist currents which swept Europe in the years between the first and second world wars --the years which saw the rise of fascism and the preparation of the Shoah. Quantum theory alone, however, d ...
From Cbits to Qbits: Teaching Computer Scientists Quantum Mechanics
... shall indulge myself by using these two unorthodox terms.4 It can be fruitful, even on the strictly classical level, to represent the two states of a Cbit by a pair of orthonormal 2-vectors, denoted by the symbols5 | 0i, | 1i. ...
... shall indulge myself by using these two unorthodox terms.4 It can be fruitful, even on the strictly classical level, to represent the two states of a Cbit by a pair of orthonormal 2-vectors, denoted by the symbols5 | 0i, | 1i. ...
the PDF - JILA - University of Colorado Boulder
... dressed states jm0 i and jm1 i out of bare rotor states using microwave fields. This, in turn, allows for the full controllability of Jz , J? , V, and W, which is one of the main results of the present Letter. Lattice Hamiltonians based on more than one molecular rotational state have been consider ...
... dressed states jm0 i and jm1 i out of bare rotor states using microwave fields. This, in turn, allows for the full controllability of Jz , J? , V, and W, which is one of the main results of the present Letter. Lattice Hamiltonians based on more than one molecular rotational state have been consider ...
General Relativity Needs No Interpretation
... the conclusion that a scientific theory stands in need of an interpretation in a physically significant sense that is at the same time not philosophically trivial. Of course, to conclude from this that general relativity stands in need of no interpretation has only so much interest and force as the ...
... the conclusion that a scientific theory stands in need of an interpretation in a physically significant sense that is at the same time not philosophically trivial. Of course, to conclude from this that general relativity stands in need of no interpretation has only so much interest and force as the ...
Renormalization
In quantum field theory, the statistical mechanics of fields, and the theory of self-similar geometric structures, renormalization is any of a collection of techniques used to treat infinities arising in calculated quantities.Renormalization specifies relationships between parameters in the theory when the parameters describing large distance scales differ from the parameters describing small distances. Physically, the pileup of contributions from an infinity of scales involved in a problem may then result in infinities. When describing space and time as a continuum, certain statistical and quantum mechanical constructions are ill defined. To define them, this continuum limit, the removal of the ""construction scaffolding"" of lattices at various scales, has to be taken carefully, as detailed below.Renormalization was first developed in quantum electrodynamics (QED) to make sense of infinite integrals in perturbation theory. Initially viewed as a suspect provisional procedure even by some of its originators, renormalization eventually was embraced as an important and self-consistent actual mechanism of scale physics in several fields of physics and mathematics. Today, the point of view has shifted: on the basis of the breakthrough renormalization group insights of Kenneth Wilson, the focus is on variation of physical quantities across contiguous scales, while distant scales are related to each other through ""effective"" descriptions. All scales are linked in a broadly systematic way, and the actual physics pertinent to each is extracted with the suitable specific computational techniques appropriate for each.