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... efficient clustering methods is K-means, as it has linear time complexity and is simple to implement. However, it suffers from gets trapped in local optima. Therefore, many methods have been produced by hybridizing K-means and other methods. In this paper, we propose a hybrid method that hybridizes ...
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... that is, L, the log of the odds ration, is not only linear in x, but also linear in the parameters. L is called the logit, and hence the name logit model. Logit model cannot be estimated using OLS. Instead, we use MLE that discussed previous section, an iterative estimation technique that is especia ...
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... whose updates are available on the intranet. The most interesting sequence was sophos,sophos; it’s probability in data was 11.48% while the initial model predicted it to be only 1.17%. The second most interesting sequence was one in which the sophos directory has been accessed four times. It is inte ...
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... The  implementation  was  made  using  reading  a  video  file  and  extracting  information  frame   by  frame,  with  any  assumptions  to  obtain  mostly  good  data.  In  each  frame  we  detect  the   vehicles  and  its  center. ...
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Expectation–maximization algorithm



In statistics, an expectation–maximization (EM) algorithm is an iterative method for finding maximum likelihood or maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimates of parameters in statistical models, where the model depends on unobserved latent variables. The EM iteration alternates between performing an expectation (E) step, which creates a function for the expectation of the log-likelihood evaluated using the current estimate for the parameters, and a maximization (M) step, which computes parameters maximizing the expected log-likelihood found on the E step. These parameter-estimates are then used to determine the distribution of the latent variables in the next E step.
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