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volume 15 - wecol 2003
volume 15 - wecol 2003

... Copy + Merge (with copies not in the head ofa chain deleted at PF). Within 0, the moved verb can satisfy the necessary Case/theta-role requirements within that domain. Cyclic Spell-Out then applies, rendering K inaccessible to further computation. Subsequent operations (Merge and Move) render the de ...
Министерство образования Российской Федерации
Министерство образования Российской Федерации

... case (of “no case”); the theory of limited case. Disintegration of the inflexional case in the course of historical development of English and establishing of particle case forms. Formal and functional properties of common and genitive cases of the noun. The correlation of nounal case and pronounal ...
Spanish Learning Resources
Spanish Learning Resources

... In the previous three lessons you learned the fundamental difference between ser and estar -essence or condition, as well as some common uses for each verb. This lesson presents the two verbs side by side, with the emphasis on contrasting their uses. In the process, much -- but not all -- of the pre ...
NP-internal possessive constructions in Hoocąk and other Siouan
NP-internal possessive constructions in Hoocąk and other Siouan

... Languages usually have more than one construction to express a possessive relationship. Possessive constructions in an individual language usually express semantically different relations, which are traditionally subsumed under the notion of possession such as part-whole relationships, kinship relat ...
Reaching agreement
Reaching agreement

... group, as in he, she, and they. The extensive quantification systems of language are another facet of the importance of number to referential functions. A second function of number as a referential device stems from its utility in distinguishing and categorizing objects in the world, extending the r ...
lesson six
lesson six

... "came" could just as well be tullë (representing older tulne or tunle) instead. It may seem that Tolkien eventually decided to limit the use of the past tense formation represented by túlë and cárë, though it was never wholly abandoned, as the form undulávë in Namárië in LotR demonstrates. We might ...
Oliver Strunk: The Elements of Style
Oliver Strunk: The Elements of Style

... THE FIRST writer I watched at work was my stepfather, E. B. White. Each Tuesday morning, he would close his study door and sit down to write the "Notes and Comment" page for The New Yorker. The task was familiar to him — he was required to file a few hundred words of editorial or personal commentary ...
The Ancient Languages of Syria
The Ancient Languages of Syria

... or reconstructed language of antiquity. Perhaps, then, what makes an ancient language different is our awareness that it has outlived those for whom it was an intimate element of the psyche, not so unlike those rays of light now reaching our eyes that were emitted by their long-extinguished source w ...
Sentence Imitations - Welcometomabiesworld.com
Sentence Imitations - Welcometomabiesworld.com

... The Compound Sentence is a sentence that contains two complete ideas (called independent clauses) that are related. A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb; in this case, the clauses—independent clauses—are complete thoughts that can stand on their own. These two clauses are ...
The Misumalpan Causative Construction
The Misumalpan Causative Construction

... The first question can be answered rather easily in terms of the theory of Case developed in Bittner (1994). A bare DP argument must be governed by K (case) or C (complementizer), these being members of a single more inclusive category which has precisely this licensing property. In an accusative la ...
Basic English Grammar Module Unit 2B: The Verbal Group: Tenses
Basic English Grammar Module Unit 2B: The Verbal Group: Tenses

... • At  times  it  is  difficult  to  follow  what  you  are  saying.   • You  must  be  clearer  when  making  statements.   • Sentence  structure  and  expression  poor.   • This  is  not  a  sentence.   • At  times  your  sentences  do ...
E X E R C I S E S - Bedfordstmartins
E X E R C I S E S - Bedfordstmartins

... 3. I do not count calories, because diets don’t work. 4. The three students from African countries in our international studies class bring a valuable prospective to discussions about politics in developing nations. 5. It takes years of training to become an executive chef, even the most talented co ...
Sin título
Sin título

... Translate into Spanish-1. If you cannot command (no puede disponer de) cash, we shall have to alter our price lists as our prices will have to be reckoned on a different basis; they will be a little dearer. 2. I am bound to say that there is some very strong opinion on this side (de este lado) again ...
Verbal Compounding in English - Anglistik
Verbal Compounding in English - Anglistik

... rather than derivations (to babysit = ‘to act as a babysitter’). However, whether this distinction is of relevance to non-linguists is doubtful, as is indicated by Lieber’s claim that “from the point of view of the average native speaker, they [i.e. verbal pseudo-compounds derived by means of back-f ...
Free! - Classical Academic Press
Free! - Classical Academic Press

... Quiz your classmates or anyone else you know who is also taking Spanish. Quiz your teacher or parent, and have that person quiz you. Have contests to see who can get the most right or who can give the answers fastest. Make your own written test, and see how many you can get right. ...
Sentence Puzzle
Sentence Puzzle

... 4. As you discuss the prepositional phrases question, have participants pull the words that make a particular prepositional phrase out of the sentence (they can simply move them above the rest of the sentence). This would be a great visual of how prepositional phrases are built—they must begin with ...
The Parts of Speech - Ohio County Schools
The Parts of Speech - Ohio County Schools

... Verb Phrases • A verb phrase consists of a main verb and at least one helping verb. As many as three helping verbs may precede the main verb. ...
interference in learning english: grammatical errors in english essay
interference in learning english: grammatical errors in english essay

... proficiency in rural schools is much lower than the level in the urban schools. Shaari (1987), in particular, found that the major difficulty faced by many of the students is learning the English grammar. This difficulty may also be attributed to the environment in which language acquisition occurs. ...
how to speak and write correctly
how to speak and write correctly

... THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN A NUTSHELL All the words in the English language are divided into nine great classes. These classes are called the Parts of Speech. They are Article, Noun, Adjective, Pronoun, Verb, Adverb, Preposition, Conjunction and Interjection. Of these, the Noun is the most important, a ...
IRREGULAR VERBS
IRREGULAR VERBS

... —, —, bereaved/bereft (adjectives) In the context of death: bereaved is used in the sense ‘having lost a close friend/relative’, bereft is possible but it means ‘sad and lonely because you have lost sb’. Typically, bereaved is used before a noun or in the phrase the bereaved, bereft is used after a ...
Race-Based Parsing and Syntactic Disambiguution
Race-Based Parsing and Syntactic Disambiguution

... grammar rules and then using the partially satisfied rules to generate expectations about what is to follow. Each stage is governed by the principles of RA, MA, and RALR, but the proposal leaves open most engineering issues. However, the model does assume a context-free grammar in which favored atta ...
Life after PCFGs? 1 Problems with CFGs 2 CFGs and features
Life after PCFGs? 1 Problems with CFGs 2 CFGs and features

... Noun forming the NP is dogs, then the feature value for NBR would be, say, |PLU|, standing for “plural”; similarly for the verb are. By making the variable value ?X the same for both the NP and the VP, we have imposed the constraint that whatever those values turn out to be, they must be the same. ...
Presentation Plus! - CMS-Grade8-ELA-Reading-2010
Presentation Plus! - CMS-Grade8-ELA-Reading-2010

... • The words here and there should not be used with demonstrative adjectives.  • The words this, these, that, and those already point out the locations here and there.  – This painting is by Matisse. [not This here painting]  ...
Here`s - AUSD Blogs
Here`s - AUSD Blogs

... The word a pronoun replaces is known as an _____________. (For example: If the Italicized word him in “A historian wrote down a strange tale some villagers had told him ” is replacing a second use of the word “Historian,” what term do we use to describe “Historian”?) ...
Untitled - ResearchGate
Untitled - ResearchGate

... Verbs, tense, aspect, and mood Clause structure, complements, and adjuncts Nouns and noun phrases Adjectives and adverbs Prepositions and preposition phrases Negation and related phenomena Clause type: asking, exclaiming, and directing Subordination and content clauses ...
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Esperanto grammar

For Esperanto morphology, see also Esperanto vocabularyEsperanto is a constructed auxiliary language. A highly regular grammar makes Esperanto much easier to learn than most other languages of the world, though particular features may be more or less advantageous or difficult depending on the language background of the learner. Parts of speech are immediately obvious, for example: Τhe suffix -o indicates a noun, -a an adjective, -as a present-tense verb, and so on for other grammatical functions. An extensive system of affixes may be freely combined with roots to generate vocabulary; and the rules of word formation are straightforward, allowing speakers to communicate with a much smaller root vocabulary than in most other languages. It is possible to communicate effectively with a vocabulary built upon 400 to 500 roots, though there are numerous specialized vocabularies for sciences, professions, and other activities. Reference grammars of the language include the Plena Analiza Gramatiko (English: Complete Analytical Grammar) by Kálmán Kalocsay and Gaston Waringhien, and the Plena Manlibro de Esperanta Gramatiko (English: Complete Handbook of Esperanto Grammar) by Bertilo Wennergren.
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