1 On the D-structure position of negative sentence adverbials in
... the relationship between elements like pas and indefinite direct objects in clauses containing a transitive verb; and (c) the syntax of adverbials in general. The author goes on to consider Obenauer's (1983; 1984) work on `quantification at a distance' and Battye's (1989; 1991) work on `nominal quan ...
... the relationship between elements like pas and indefinite direct objects in clauses containing a transitive verb; and (c) the syntax of adverbials in general. The author goes on to consider Obenauer's (1983; 1984) work on `quantification at a distance' and Battye's (1989; 1991) work on `nominal quan ...
estonian: typological studies i
... you-pl who you here live-2pl (36) nemad, kes nad siin elavad they who they here live-3pl Earlier grammars look upon such concord of person as an unnecessary Germanic influence. Relative pronouns may be followed only by shorter forms of personal pronouns, and in spoken language they function, in fact ...
... you-pl who you here live-2pl (36) nemad, kes nad siin elavad they who they here live-3pl Earlier grammars look upon such concord of person as an unnecessary Germanic influence. Relative pronouns may be followed only by shorter forms of personal pronouns, and in spoken language they function, in fact ...
the present perfect: an exercise in the study of events
... is not so much a theory in itself, nor does it have to do with comparing theories to see which one is better. It is more of a mode of operation, a methodological approach, in which the construction of the interface determines each level of analysis2. More than a mere approximation of two areas, the ...
... is not so much a theory in itself, nor does it have to do with comparing theories to see which one is better. It is more of a mode of operation, a methodological approach, in which the construction of the interface determines each level of analysis2. More than a mere approximation of two areas, the ...
On the notion of subject for subject-oriented adverbs
... within the broad tradition of generative grammar. It is concluded that those properties that have been assumed to define subjecthood in earlier theories are distributed across different syntactic positions, and there is no unified category of ‘subject’ or ‘subject position’ in the current theory. In ...
... within the broad tradition of generative grammar. It is concluded that those properties that have been assumed to define subjecthood in earlier theories are distributed across different syntactic positions, and there is no unified category of ‘subject’ or ‘subject position’ in the current theory. In ...
this PDF file
... presents. It is not possible to find two arguments function as subject in one sentence. The presence of causee argument in this type of construction will change the function of syntactic argument from non causative construction. For example, the subject argument of intransitive verb in non causative ...
... presents. It is not possible to find two arguments function as subject in one sentence. The presence of causee argument in this type of construction will change the function of syntactic argument from non causative construction. For example, the subject argument of intransitive verb in non causative ...
Tense and Aspect Systems
... 'moods', the semantics of which tends to be even more elusive than that of tenses. Tenses, moods, and aspects - henceforth 'TMA categories' belong to the things in one's native language that one tends to take for granted, and often, they have only attracted the attention of grammarians who have had ...
... 'moods', the semantics of which tends to be even more elusive than that of tenses. Tenses, moods, and aspects - henceforth 'TMA categories' belong to the things in one's native language that one tends to take for granted, and often, they have only attracted the attention of grammarians who have had ...
All_The_Arabic_You_Should_Have_Learned
... with the grammar covered before each passage is introduced, to write a short English-language summary of the passage. They can check their comprehension by referring to the translations of these passages included in the annotated answer key at the end of the book. The answer key also includes answer ...
... with the grammar covered before each passage is introduced, to write a short English-language summary of the passage. They can check their comprehension by referring to the translations of these passages included in the annotated answer key at the end of the book. The answer key also includes answer ...
1. Some nouns always take a singular verb
... (A) The Indian team defeated the English by innings. (Incorrect) (B) The Indian team defeated the English by an innings. (Correct) (A) Mathematics are a difficult subject. (Incorrect) (B) Mathematics is a good / difficult subject. (Correct) Note if you have to indicate that the number of news, advic ...
... (A) The Indian team defeated the English by innings. (Incorrect) (B) The Indian team defeated the English by an innings. (Correct) (A) Mathematics are a difficult subject. (Incorrect) (B) Mathematics is a good / difficult subject. (Correct) Note if you have to indicate that the number of news, advic ...
T E M P O R A L ... C O M B I N I N G ...
... Below, three sets of abbreviations are listed that are used throughout the thesis, mainly in connection with language examples (in the glossing of grammatical terminology and when referring to a native speaker consultant as the source of an example), but also in tables to save space and in text when ...
... Below, three sets of abbreviations are listed that are used throughout the thesis, mainly in connection with language examples (in the glossing of grammatical terminology and when referring to a native speaker consultant as the source of an example), but also in tables to save space and in text when ...
SC103-38-9-2015-eng - Publications du gouvernement du
... Choose the best group of words to insert into the blank. The Deputy Minister may grant a total of ______________ within the fiscal year for family-related responsibilities. Your request may be granted under certain circumstances, such as taking care of a sick member of the family or taking a family ...
... Choose the best group of words to insert into the blank. The Deputy Minister may grant a total of ______________ within the fiscal year for family-related responsibilities. Your request may be granted under certain circumstances, such as taking care of a sick member of the family or taking a family ...
Non-finites in North Saami - Suomalais
... I have been studying the morphology, syntax and semantics of the non-finite verb forms in North Saami for quite some time. Now, it is time to draw together the threads, and this includes much more than simply presenting those concrete example sentences, references and pieces of analysis from which m ...
... I have been studying the morphology, syntax and semantics of the non-finite verb forms in North Saami for quite some time. Now, it is time to draw together the threads, and this includes much more than simply presenting those concrete example sentences, references and pieces of analysis from which m ...
Master`s Thesis - Nikhil Krishnaswamy
... Overall, we can say that the total meaning of a given verb sense is generated from its qualia, that qualia are calculated based on context, and that di↵erent verbs and di↵erent verbal senses of the same lexical item have di↵erent qualia from each other. However, as verb qualia must be calculated bas ...
... Overall, we can say that the total meaning of a given verb sense is generated from its qualia, that qualia are calculated based on context, and that di↵erent verbs and di↵erent verbal senses of the same lexical item have di↵erent qualia from each other. However, as verb qualia must be calculated bas ...
View PDF
... dependent node2, etc., then the closing square bracket (‘]’). The requirements on the part-ofspeech and morphemic characteristics of individual nodes are written in a shorthand form (by means of a single character for each category) after the dividing symbol ´.´ (full stop) or ´:´ (colon) in the fol ...
... dependent node2, etc., then the closing square bracket (‘]’). The requirements on the part-ofspeech and morphemic characteristics of individual nodes are written in a shorthand form (by means of a single character for each category) after the dividing symbol ´.´ (full stop) or ´:´ (colon) in the fol ...
The verbal valency in the Prague Dependency Treebank
... dependent node2, etc., then the closing square bracket (‘]’). The requirements on the part-ofspeech and morphemic characteristics of individual nodes are written in a shorthand form (by means of a single character for each category) after the dividing symbol ´.´ (full stop) or ´:´ (colon) in the fol ...
... dependent node2, etc., then the closing square bracket (‘]’). The requirements on the part-ofspeech and morphemic characteristics of individual nodes are written in a shorthand form (by means of a single character for each category) after the dividing symbol ´.´ (full stop) or ´:´ (colon) in the fol ...
- Lancaster EPrints
... in natural languages, have received unremitting attention in linguistic literature 1. This thesis seeks to bring to light aspects of the grammar of pronominals as used in Puxian, a Min dialect of Chinese. It will focus on issues that have featured prominently in the theoretical and typological discu ...
... in natural languages, have received unremitting attention in linguistic literature 1. This thesis seeks to bring to light aspects of the grammar of pronominals as used in Puxian, a Min dialect of Chinese. It will focus on issues that have featured prominently in the theoretical and typological discu ...
inquiries into the lexicon-syntax relations in basque
... are limited to the word-level, and in contrast, the later target bigger units formed by words: chunks, phrases, clauses, etc. Thus, the onset of the sintagmatic analysis directly follows the morphological analysis. In fact, it is when we morphologically disambiguate a word that we start to consider ...
... are limited to the word-level, and in contrast, the later target bigger units formed by words: chunks, phrases, clauses, etc. Thus, the onset of the sintagmatic analysis directly follows the morphological analysis. In fact, it is when we morphologically disambiguate a word that we start to consider ...
Filling Gaps: Decision principles and structure in sentence
... 2. Processing filler-gap sentences Sentences with filler-gap dependencies, dependencies between a lexically specified phrase and a phonetically null position in the phrase marker, are the focus of intense theoretical activity in linguistics (Bach, 1982; Bresnan, 1978 ; Chomsky, 1980, 1981; Engdahl, ...
... 2. Processing filler-gap sentences Sentences with filler-gap dependencies, dependencies between a lexically specified phrase and a phonetically null position in the phrase marker, are the focus of intense theoretical activity in linguistics (Bach, 1982; Bresnan, 1978 ; Chomsky, 1980, 1981; Engdahl, ...
Music 231 Small Structures: Cadences, Phrases and Periods
... deceptive cadence as structurally equal to the half cadence. B. Plagal Cadence: Subdominant (IV/iv) → Tonic (I/i) The plagal cadence is rarely used in a structural way. It almost always is found after the end of a period (usually after the last period of the piece), and acts as an extension (a tag) ...
... deceptive cadence as structurally equal to the half cadence. B. Plagal Cadence: Subdominant (IV/iv) → Tonic (I/i) The plagal cadence is rarely used in a structural way. It almost always is found after the end of a period (usually after the last period of the piece), and acts as an extension (a tag) ...
Gerundive Nominals and The Role of Aspect
... Note that I am using the feature [ /PROG/] merely as a convenient shorthand here for distinguishing the two aspectual classes. I am not tied to any particular instantiation of the feature(s) that distinguish progressive. Some possible feature(s) that would instantiate /PROG/ are [ durative] or [ ...
... Note that I am using the feature [ /PROG/] merely as a convenient shorthand here for distinguishing the two aspectual classes. I am not tied to any particular instantiation of the feature(s) that distinguish progressive. Some possible feature(s) that would instantiate /PROG/ are [ durative] or [ ...
DESIGNING SYNTACTIC REPRESENTATIONS FOR NLP: AN
... The results and analyses presented in this work show that the main (and perhaps only) reason to use a lexical-head design is to support crosslinguistic parallelism. However, that is only possible if function words are defined uniformly across languages, and doing so satisfactorily requires the use o ...
... The results and analyses presented in this work show that the main (and perhaps only) reason to use a lexical-head design is to support crosslinguistic parallelism. However, that is only possible if function words are defined uniformly across languages, and doing so satisfactorily requires the use o ...
Sentence Initial Elements and Subject in Upper Sorbian
... In the Pear Stories, when a speaker refers to an unknown entity for the first time, we notice a specific pattern. In the film, these are the following main figures: (a) a peasant, (b) a man with a goat, (c) a goat led by a peasant, (d) a boy on a bicycle stealing pears, (e) a girl riding a bicycle i ...
... In the Pear Stories, when a speaker refers to an unknown entity for the first time, we notice a specific pattern. In the film, these are the following main figures: (a) a peasant, (b) a man with a goat, (c) a goat led by a peasant, (d) a boy on a bicycle stealing pears, (e) a girl riding a bicycle i ...
Derivations and Complexity Filters
... any other purpose. We argue they do: they provide the vocabulary for filters that exclude certain ungrammatical patterns which are surprising from a language internal point of view, from a crosslinguistic point of view, as well as from a theoretical point of view. Once the need for these filters est ...
... any other purpose. We argue they do: they provide the vocabulary for filters that exclude certain ungrammatical patterns which are surprising from a language internal point of view, from a crosslinguistic point of view, as well as from a theoretical point of view. Once the need for these filters est ...
THE EPP, NOMINATIVE CASE and EXPLETIVES
... are conceptually quite closely related.” (p.10). A lexical element that θ-marks its position does so iff the position is filled, (cf. persuade as opposed to seem). Nevertheless, the author acknowledges the fact that the EPP goes beyond the requirements of the Projection Principle in several respect ...
... are conceptually quite closely related.” (p.10). A lexical element that θ-marks its position does so iff the position is filled, (cf. persuade as opposed to seem). Nevertheless, the author acknowledges the fact that the EPP goes beyond the requirements of the Projection Principle in several respect ...
Ser & Estar I & II
... Carlos es alto y rubio. Carlos is tall and blond. Nora es inteligente. Nora is intelligent. Mis primos son graciosos. My cousins are funny. Las señoras son católicas. The women are catholic. El coche es azul. The car is blue. ...
... Carlos es alto y rubio. Carlos is tall and blond. Nora es inteligente. Nora is intelligent. Mis primos son graciosos. My cousins are funny. Las señoras son católicas. The women are catholic. El coche es azul. The car is blue. ...
PREFIXED ADJECTIVAL PARTICIPLES
... Prefixation ensures here that the result state is reached. Below, we will also see an unaccusativity test using the formation of -lý participles. ...
... Prefixation ensures here that the result state is reached. Below, we will also see an unaccusativity test using the formation of -lý participles. ...