HANDBOOK OF AMERICAN INDIAN LANGUAGES
... Takelma woman. Her native place was the village of Dak'1s!asi or DaidaniVc', on Jump-off-Joe creek (Dtp!Oits!i'ida) , a northern affluent of Rogue river, her mother having come from a village on the upper course of Cow creek (Hagwai). Despite her imperfect command of ...
... Takelma woman. Her native place was the village of Dak'1s!asi or DaidaniVc', on Jump-off-Joe creek (Dtp!Oits!i'ida) , a northern affluent of Rogue river, her mother having come from a village on the upper course of Cow creek (Hagwai). Despite her imperfect command of ...
CLITICS, SCRAMBLING, AND HEAD MOVEMENT IN DUTCH
... stressed, modified, conjoined, used in isolation, or topicalized appears to be related to their status as ‘weak' elements, since the English reduced pronouns behave exactly like special clitics in these tests.7 Nevertheless, it may very well turn out to be the case that the weak pronouns in French a ...
... stressed, modified, conjoined, used in isolation, or topicalized appears to be related to their status as ‘weak' elements, since the English reduced pronouns behave exactly like special clitics in these tests.7 Nevertheless, it may very well turn out to be the case that the weak pronouns in French a ...
Valence Creation and the German Applicative
... prepositional phrase. Brinkmann (1997: 84-5) points to several verb classes in which such alternations can be found, including verbs of active perception, verbs of speech, and verbs of emotional expression. Pairs exemplifying alternations in each class are, respectively, riechen an/beriechen 'sniff ...
... prepositional phrase. Brinkmann (1997: 84-5) points to several verb classes in which such alternations can be found, including verbs of active perception, verbs of speech, and verbs of emotional expression. Pairs exemplifying alternations in each class are, respectively, riechen an/beriechen 'sniff ...
Grammar Book - Macmillan/McGraw-Hill
... Every sentence begins with a capital letter. A question ends with a question mark. A statement or a command ends with a period. An exclamation ends with an exclamation mark. ...
... Every sentence begins with a capital letter. A question ends with a question mark. A statement or a command ends with a period. An exclamation ends with an exclamation mark. ...
Document
... grammar and vocabulary. Sometimes the subject matter becomes ambiguous just at the borderline. The study of this organic relationship in language reality seems to be primary in importance. For a complete description of language we have to account for the form, the substance and the relationship bet ...
... grammar and vocabulary. Sometimes the subject matter becomes ambiguous just at the borderline. The study of this organic relationship in language reality seems to be primary in importance. For a complete description of language we have to account for the form, the substance and the relationship bet ...
Document
... grammar and vocabulary. Sometimes the subject matter becomes ambiguous just at the borderline. The study of this organic relationship in language reality seems to be primary in importance. For a complete description of language we have to account for the form, the substance and the relationship bet ...
... grammar and vocabulary. Sometimes the subject matter becomes ambiguous just at the borderline. The study of this organic relationship in language reality seems to be primary in importance. For a complete description of language we have to account for the form, the substance and the relationship bet ...
SRCMF tutorial
... In compound verb tenses (e.g. the perfect tense, the passive), the finite auxiliary verb is analysed as the head of the clause on which all other arguments and adjuncts depend (cf. avoir dite above). The past participle is a childless dependant of the finite verb. ...
... In compound verb tenses (e.g. the perfect tense, the passive), the finite auxiliary verb is analysed as the head of the clause on which all other arguments and adjuncts depend (cf. avoir dite above). The past participle is a childless dependant of the finite verb. ...
On the Semantics of the Perfective Aspect
... Clearly, the action done as part of an accomplishment may either be performed all the way or stopped at any point. In a language such as English, the use of a simple verb (SV) by default indicates that the natural endpoint is reached, but an additional description is required to state that the actio ...
... Clearly, the action done as part of an accomplishment may either be performed all the way or stopped at any point. In a language such as English, the use of a simple verb (SV) by default indicates that the natural endpoint is reached, but an additional description is required to state that the actio ...
Prosody, priming and particular constructions: The patterning of
... know, this has not been empirically determined for English subject expression beyond observations in grammars of English that the subject can be left unexpressed in coordinated contexts (e.g., Biber et al. 1999:156), in initial position (Quirk et al.1985:896 (§12.46)) or “in casual style” (Stirling ...
... know, this has not been empirically determined for English subject expression beyond observations in grammars of English that the subject can be left unexpressed in coordinated contexts (e.g., Biber et al. 1999:156), in initial position (Quirk et al.1985:896 (§12.46)) or “in casual style” (Stirling ...
deverbal noun complementation rules applied to semantic
... language (Foltran, 2003), and the predicator is its linguistic expression. Traditional grammar divides declarative sentences into subject and predicate, the first part being the recipient or subject of the properties, and the second part containing the relational or nominal properties being assigned ...
... language (Foltran, 2003), and the predicator is its linguistic expression. Traditional grammar divides declarative sentences into subject and predicate, the first part being the recipient or subject of the properties, and the second part containing the relational or nominal properties being assigned ...
Commas
... thinking that requires us to organize and record our thoughts to share with readers. We break our ideas into digestible units that build to the more complex notion we aim to convey—for instance, a series of sentences work together to deliver a paragraph’s cohesive message. If we break the text down ...
... thinking that requires us to organize and record our thoughts to share with readers. We break our ideas into digestible units that build to the more complex notion we aim to convey—for instance, a series of sentences work together to deliver a paragraph’s cohesive message. If we break the text down ...
here - The Elvish Linguistic Fellowship
... vowel (here a). (Note 1) On this compare these forms from QL: ya "and" with a variant yan (104R), and se "with" with sen (82R). Although the usage of these n-forms is not specified, it can be inferred from these two examples: Kuluvai ya karnevalinar *"gold and orange-red ones" (Narqelion) and Eldar ...
... vowel (here a). (Note 1) On this compare these forms from QL: ya "and" with a variant yan (104R), and se "with" with sen (82R). Although the usage of these n-forms is not specified, it can be inferred from these two examples: Kuluvai ya karnevalinar *"gold and orange-red ones" (Narqelion) and Eldar ...
The syntactic analysis of the Dutch absentive
... logeren ‘to stay’, sporten ‘to do sport’, wandelen ‘to walk’, werken ‘to work’, and winkelen ‘to shop’. Haslinger notes the same thing in footnote 48 on page 63 but nevertheless claims the order zijn—infinitive to be ungrammatical, because speakers that accept this order in examples like (12a) rejec ...
... logeren ‘to stay’, sporten ‘to do sport’, wandelen ‘to walk’, werken ‘to work’, and winkelen ‘to shop’. Haslinger notes the same thing in footnote 48 on page 63 but nevertheless claims the order zijn—infinitive to be ungrammatical, because speakers that accept this order in examples like (12a) rejec ...
2014. The Use of Adverb in Article
... Position and order of adverb phrase based on Thewlis (2004, p.36), when there is more than one adverb phrase, the order usually follow these guidelines: Shorter adverb phrases usually come before longer adverb phrase. Since the frequency phrase is long, it is better to have it follows the time phr ...
... Position and order of adverb phrase based on Thewlis (2004, p.36), when there is more than one adverb phrase, the order usually follow these guidelines: Shorter adverb phrases usually come before longer adverb phrase. Since the frequency phrase is long, it is better to have it follows the time phr ...
Practice sheets for the sentences in this booklet are available in a
... Sentence Building (Level 1 teaches five of the eight parts of speech: noun, verb, adverb, adjective, and preposition.) The Shurley Method uses grammar to teach students the structure and design of the English language. Grammar is taught in a simple, systematic way that provides students with a writi ...
... Sentence Building (Level 1 teaches five of the eight parts of speech: noun, verb, adverb, adjective, and preposition.) The Shurley Method uses grammar to teach students the structure and design of the English language. Grammar is taught in a simple, systematic way that provides students with a writi ...
Innu and English Structures - Innu
... set of words that speakers combine in different ways to build sentences, or to understand other people’s sentences. It is thus not surprising that the grammars of Innu and English are alike in many ways, and we highlight these similarities in this booklet. For example, one answer to the question, “H ...
... set of words that speakers combine in different ways to build sentences, or to understand other people’s sentences. It is thus not surprising that the grammars of Innu and English are alike in many ways, and we highlight these similarities in this booklet. For example, one answer to the question, “H ...
Suffixes
... 2 working alone without any person being involved: used with some nouns, verbs, and adjectives: an auto-loading gun autoFunction: combining form Meaning: 1 : self : same one ▪ autobiography 2 : automatic : acting by itself ▪ autopilot ----------------------------------------------------------------- ...
... 2 working alone without any person being involved: used with some nouns, verbs, and adjectives: an auto-loading gun autoFunction: combining form Meaning: 1 : self : same one ▪ autobiography 2 : automatic : acting by itself ▪ autopilot ----------------------------------------------------------------- ...
1 On the Identity of Roots Heidi Harley, University of - LingBuzz
... Morphology model are reviewed, and its original concept of an un-‐individuated acategorial root node is introduced. In section 2.1 arguments are presented which point to the conclusion that roots are in f ...
... Morphology model are reviewed, and its original concept of an un-‐individuated acategorial root node is introduced. In section 2.1 arguments are presented which point to the conclusion that roots are in f ...
this PDF file
... the alignment (and therefore syntactic) system, that in this case has led to a shift in the type of the language as such. Nevertheless, while not impossible, it is obviously also not inevitable for an alignment pattern change to trigger a holistic change per se in a given language. Alignment pattern ...
... the alignment (and therefore syntactic) system, that in this case has led to a shift in the type of the language as such. Nevertheless, while not impossible, it is obviously also not inevitable for an alignment pattern change to trigger a holistic change per se in a given language. Alignment pattern ...
Solving the bracketing paradox: an analysis of
... Kordula De Kuthy, Peter Gallmann, Anke Lüdeling, Andrew McIntyre, Christine Römer and Hans Uszkoreit for discussion, two anonymous JL referees for comments, and to Kordula De Kuthy, Detmar Meurers, Nicole Dehé, and Anke Lüdeling for supplying me with relevant literature. Thorsten Brants helped m ...
... Kordula De Kuthy, Peter Gallmann, Anke Lüdeling, Andrew McIntyre, Christine Römer and Hans Uszkoreit for discussion, two anonymous JL referees for comments, and to Kordula De Kuthy, Detmar Meurers, Nicole Dehé, and Anke Lüdeling for supplying me with relevant literature. Thorsten Brants helped m ...
Simplex and complex reflexives in French and Dutch
... possibly, coreference, i.e. distinctly indexed DPs referring to the same object in the ‘real world’ (Reinhart 1983). However, the distinction between binding and coreference does not allow us to make the required contrasts, since it only affords a view in terms of identity or absence thereof. An alt ...
... possibly, coreference, i.e. distinctly indexed DPs referring to the same object in the ‘real world’ (Reinhart 1983). However, the distinction between binding and coreference does not allow us to make the required contrasts, since it only affords a view in terms of identity or absence thereof. An alt ...
what are clauses
... An independent clause, "She is older than her brother" (which could be its own sentence), can be turned into a dependent or subordinate clause when the same group of words begins with a dependent word (or a subordinating conjunction in this case): "Because she is older than her brother, she tells hi ...
... An independent clause, "She is older than her brother" (which could be its own sentence), can be turned into a dependent or subordinate clause when the same group of words begins with a dependent word (or a subordinating conjunction in this case): "Because she is older than her brother, she tells hi ...
33 HOW COMPLEMENTS DIFFER FROM ADJUNCTS IN PERSIAN
... mainly because she does not recognize AdvPs, NPs, and AdjPs as formally distinct syntactic classes. Bateni (1969) recognizes four types of complement: direct object, predicative complement of object, predicative complement of subject (henceforth PCo and PCs respectively), and the non-verbal element ...
... mainly because she does not recognize AdvPs, NPs, and AdjPs as formally distinct syntactic classes. Bateni (1969) recognizes four types of complement: direct object, predicative complement of object, predicative complement of subject (henceforth PCo and PCs respectively), and the non-verbal element ...
Building a lexicon for a categorial grammar of the
... the Polish language, based on Polish bank of constituency trees called Składnica [Sklad]. Because Polish is a free-word-order language, the grammar must be adapted before it can model at least simple sentence structure adequately. As a solution to a similar problem in the Turkish language, a grammar ...
... the Polish language, based on Polish bank of constituency trees called Składnica [Sklad]. Because Polish is a free-word-order language, the grammar must be adapted before it can model at least simple sentence structure adequately. As a solution to a similar problem in the Turkish language, a grammar ...
studies in basque syntax: relative clauses
... similating such accounts may help to free the student from his linguistic prejudices, be it the prejudice that all languages are basically like English, or the prejudice that languages differ in generally unpredictable ways. Moreover, since J. H. Greenberg's well-known typological study, we know tha ...
... similating such accounts may help to free the student from his linguistic prejudices, be it the prejudice that all languages are basically like English, or the prejudice that languages differ in generally unpredictable ways. Moreover, since J. H. Greenberg's well-known typological study, we know tha ...