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Singulars and Plurals in Dutch: Evidence for a Parallel Dual
Singulars and Plurals in Dutch: Evidence for a Parallel Dual

... frequency become available to the central system in the same amount of time. Schreuder and Baayen (1995) outline a race model with fully parallel routes. Their model is based on a spreading activation network with three representational layers: a layer of form-based modality-specific access represen ...
Interlingua Grammar
Interlingua Grammar

... unorthodox way, the reason is simply that certain chapters ordinarily represented in conventional grammars could be omitted in the present instance because their subject matter is completely covered by the Dictionary. Thus the grammar contains, for example, no special discussion of prepositions and ...
Creating Sentences with Participial Phrases
Creating Sentences with Participial Phrases

... I bounced it back and forth until I had a perfect shot through the spinner. To emphasize the quick, successive actions described in these three sentences, we can combine them by turning the verbs guided and bounced into present participles: Guiding the ball through the upper chutes, down a runover l ...
Resolving polysemy in verbs - Laboratorio di Linguistica
Resolving polysemy in verbs - Laboratorio di Linguistica

... (WSD), sense induction, automatic thesaurus construction, selectional preference acquisition, and semantic role labeling. It is used to identify semantically similar words (as in thesaurus construction) or similar uses of the same word (as in WSD and sense induction). Resulting clusters of distribut ...
Unit 3
Unit 3

... Kinds of Verbs ...
Reflexives and Reciprocals in Copala Trique
Reflexives and Reciprocals in Copala Trique

... and sa3na1 'woman', and the pronouns Viuh''first-person-singular' and zo?2 'second-person-singular', are identical in form whether they function as possessive determiners or as heads. The words that mean 'machete' and 'thread', on the other hand, which are always head nouns in these examples, differ ...
Index: Participial postmodification in NP
Index: Participial postmodification in NP

... converted from adverbs: aboard, about... The second element of the prepositional phrase is the object to a preposition which may be: a noun: after midnight a pronoun: with you an adjective: by then, from here another prepositional phrase: from under the floor a gerundial clause: for being late again ...
Fundamentals of Classical Arabic VOLUME ONE
Fundamentals of Classical Arabic VOLUME ONE

... the verb. For example, “he did” and “we did.” Here, the pronouns “he” and “we” indicate the subject. Arabic verbs are conjugated in a similar manner. In particular, the Arabic verb is conjugated to reflect three aspects of its subject: 1) person9 (first, second, third) 2) gender10 (masculine, femini ...
Parsing algorithms, sentence complexity
Parsing algorithms, sentence complexity

... Assume that input will eventually form a sentence Invoke S-node and all its possible extensions Keep expanding nodes until you find matching input Stack: keep track of what you still need to find in order to get grammatical sentence Gibson lab, MIT ...
Anaphora  Resolution  for  Question  Answering
Anaphora Resolution for Question Answering

... The InfoLab Group at MIT's Al Lab has developed systems that attempt to solve the problem of information access. The belief that natural language is the easiest way for humans to request information has led the group to work on question answering systems. The START (SynTactic Analysis using Reversib ...
Prepositions in academic writing
Prepositions in academic writing

... e.g. You can see this in works by contemporary authors. Here, the preposition in goes with the word works because the verb see does not require a preposition. Some verb + preposition combinations are called ‘phrasal verbs’. These verb + preposition combinations are difficult to understand, because t ...
Fulltext
Fulltext

... reduced clause which does not have the same subject as the main clause does. Hale (2005: 1) mentions that the dangling modifier is "a word or phrase that modifies a clause in an ambiguous manner, because it can be applied to either the subject or the object of the clause." Zwicky (2005: 2) describes ...
The creation of tense and aspect systems in the languages of the
The creation of tense and aspect systems in the languages of the

... Information on these languages was available only through published material, usually reference grammars. The test of the hypotheses required identifying verbal inflection as belonging to one of the super-categories of valence, voice, aspect, tense, mood or agreement. Despite the fact that some desc ...
relativpronomen – relativsätze
relativpronomen – relativsätze

... You have to find out: a) the gender of the noun we are referring to (das Bezugswort/ antecedent); b) the number of the antecedent (singular, plural) AND c) what case it needs (nominative, dative, accusative [and genitive]).  gender of the relative pronoun: the same as the antecedent (das Bezugswort ...
New Microsoft Word Document
New Microsoft Word Document

... As for combination possibilities, the prefix under discussion combines with nouns (pre-accession, pre-school, pre-recording, pre-retirement, etc.), with adjectives (pre-vocational) or verbs, usually in the past participle (pre-established, pre-packed, pre-recorded, pre-cooked), even an adverb (pre-i ...
Subjectification, syntax, and communication. In
Subjectification, syntax, and communication. In

... The notion of Subjectification has arisen, and is mostly used, in the context of the study of semantic change through time (cf. Traugott 1989, this volume; Langacker 1990). My purpose in the present chapter is to apply the notion to certain phenomena of synchronic Variation (in modern Dutch, but als ...
The Oxford Guide to English Usage
The Oxford Guide to English Usage

... nominal designating a phrase or clause that is used like a noun, e. g. What you need is a drink. nonce-word a word coined for one occasion. non-finite designating (a part of) a verb not limited by person and number, e. g. the infinitive, gerund, or participle. non-restrictive see relative clauses. n ...
Embedded and Coordinated Finite and non-finite Clauses in
Embedded and Coordinated Finite and non-finite Clauses in

... referred to as embedded clauses, where the embedded is seen as subordinate to the other . Embedded clauses function inside another clause as subject , direct or phrasal object , subject predicate, or adverbial . On the other hand, embedded clauses do not function as indirect objects or as objects of ...
the english tongue. - Cunningham Memorial Library
the english tongue. - Cunningham Memorial Library

... •No word will fan from me In dfsparagement of etassleal llterature; I know its ,'alue full well; but it seems strange in a country where so mWlY studentB are familiar with every dialect of Greek, and every variety of classical style, there should be so few who have really made themselves acquainted ...
0525 GERMAN (FOREIGN LANGUAGE)  MARK SCHEME for the May/June 2015 series
0525 GERMAN (FOREIGN LANGUAGE) MARK SCHEME for the May/June 2015 series

... = 3 marks (3 verbs). (vi) Only reward each piece of information once, e.g. ‘mein Haus ist super’ cannot score both as description and reason for liking (‘mein Haus ist super’ and ‘mein Garten ist super’ can both be rewarded). (vii) Do not penalise factual errors. [Total marks for Communication: 10] ...
Effects of indefinite pronouns and traces on verb stress
Effects of indefinite pronouns and traces on verb stress

... According to Chomsky, νP and CP are phases, i.e. cyclic nodes on a cycle where each cyclic node undergoes a derivation that includes interpretation at LF and PF. Phases are divided into edges (specifier and head of the highest projection in the phase) and spellout domains (the complement of this hig ...
The Grammar Section (PE)
The Grammar Section (PE)

... An independent phrase is just as it sounds—a phrase that, by itself, can stand alone as a sentence. An independent phrase consists of three things: ...
The choice bli-s-June-99
The choice bli-s-June-99

... factors having to do with the morphological availability of the passive forms (spassive is not available in the past and perfect tense in some languages) factors having to do with semantic properties of the verb or the verb phrase (such as aktionsart, aspect and semantic roles) factors having to do ...
2014-2015 Grammar Tips
2014-2015 Grammar Tips

... INCORRECT: (compound object): Jeff told me that the job was still available, and that the manager wanted to interview me. INCORRECT: I turned the corner, and ran smack into a patrol car. Correct the sentences by deleting the comma. (Notice that in the above examples there is one subject and two verb ...
What Is Morphology?
What Is Morphology?

... individual human languages. It is therefore important, from the very beginning, that a student be presented, not just with fragmentary bits of data from many languages, as tends to happen with both morphology and phonology, but with something approaching the entire morphological system of a single l ...
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Ancient Greek grammar

Ancient Greek grammar is morphologically complex and preserves several features of Proto-Indo-European morphology. Nouns, adjectives, pronouns, articles, numerals and especially verbs are all highly inflected. This article primary discusses the morphology of Attic Greek.
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