lateral load design of tall buildings
... façade elements and interior finishes, whereas the human perception of building vibrations can induce concern regarding the structural safety and cause nausea to the occupants. Recently, four tall buildings have been erected at the former sports complex of the local football club Real Madrid in Madr ...
... façade elements and interior finishes, whereas the human perception of building vibrations can induce concern regarding the structural safety and cause nausea to the occupants. Recently, four tall buildings have been erected at the former sports complex of the local football club Real Madrid in Madr ...
Section 1 - New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering Inc.
... Assessment of the structural performance of e xisting buildings is a challenging task. Each building has unique charact eristics and it is often difficult to determine with confidence the extent and quality of structural components and materials. These NZSEE Recommendations provide authoritative and ...
... Assessment of the structural performance of e xisting buildings is a challenging task. Each building has unique charact eristics and it is often difficult to determine with confidence the extent and quality of structural components and materials. These NZSEE Recommendations provide authoritative and ...
FAIRFAX COUNTY, VIRGINIA SPECIAL INSPECTIONS PROGRAM – 2012 Edition (2012-SIP)
... SECTION 103 THE STRUCTURAL ENGINEER OF RECORD REVIEW/APPROVAL STAMP .............. 12 103.1 Required stamp on documents .................................................................................................. 12 103.2 Format and language .................................................... ...
... SECTION 103 THE STRUCTURAL ENGINEER OF RECORD REVIEW/APPROVAL STAMP .............. 12 103.1 Required stamp on documents .................................................................................................. 12 103.2 Format and language .................................................... ...
cracks in building - rdso
... country. It is looked upon as a premier organisation in respect of, quality & workmanship. Therefore, it is essential for the field officials to construct the high quality structures. It has been observed that even after ensuring strict quality control, workmanship and using best material, cracks do ...
... country. It is looked upon as a premier organisation in respect of, quality & workmanship. Therefore, it is essential for the field officials to construct the high quality structures. It has been observed that even after ensuring strict quality control, workmanship and using best material, cracks do ...
WATTS BAR 3.8 DESIGN OF CATEGORY I STRUCTURES
... Creep and Shrinkage Effects Creep was not considered in the design of the Shield Building. Sustained loads are essentially the dead weight loads of the structure itself with subsequent stress levels too low to influence creep deformations to any significant degree particularly since these deformatio ...
... Creep and Shrinkage Effects Creep was not considered in the design of the Shield Building. Sustained loads are essentially the dead weight loads of the structure itself with subsequent stress levels too low to influence creep deformations to any significant degree particularly since these deformatio ...
- ICF Builder Magazine
... “I believe the increase in commercial ICF construction is a testament to the overall strength of the ICF building concept,” says Hank Pfeiffer, COO at Reward Wall Systems. “ICF construction provides benefits, not just to homeowners, but to commercial contractors and developers as well. It’s hard to ...
... “I believe the increase in commercial ICF construction is a testament to the overall strength of the ICF building concept,” says Hank Pfeiffer, COO at Reward Wall Systems. “ICF construction provides benefits, not just to homeowners, but to commercial contractors and developers as well. It’s hard to ...
Guideline for Seismic Upgrading of Building Structures
... The Guideline should first be read from the beginning. Afterwards it may be convenient to begin with Appendix A, which contains checklist tables of upgrading techniques, one table for each major structural system. These techniques are described in more detail in Chapters 4 to 6, identified by the ap ...
... The Guideline should first be read from the beginning. Afterwards it may be convenient to begin with Appendix A, which contains checklist tables of upgrading techniques, one table for each major structural system. These techniques are described in more detail in Chapters 4 to 6, identified by the ap ...
Current Practices and Future Potential in Modern Methods of
... Modern Methods of Construction (MMC) and market size in different construction sectors, identifying positive and negative factors influencing take-up. The focus of the project is on developing a scoping document reviewing key products, markets etc, and the emphasis is on informing WRAP’s work in was ...
... Modern Methods of Construction (MMC) and market size in different construction sectors, identifying positive and negative factors influencing take-up. The focus of the project is on developing a scoping document reviewing key products, markets etc, and the emphasis is on informing WRAP’s work in was ...
Methods, Impacts, and Opportunities in the Concrete Building Life
... Life cycle assessment (LCA) offers a comprehensive approach to evaluating and improving the environmental impacts of buildings. This research explores and advances three key areas relevant to the field of buildings LCA: methodology, benchmarking, and impact reduction opportunities. First, a general ...
... Life cycle assessment (LCA) offers a comprehensive approach to evaluating and improving the environmental impacts of buildings. This research explores and advances three key areas relevant to the field of buildings LCA: methodology, benchmarking, and impact reduction opportunities. First, a general ...
refurbishment structural strengthening with sika
... the International Concrete Repair Institute (ICRI) ‘Award of Merit’ in 2009. Few years after the initial concrete repair works were completed shear cracks were noticed in the beams and the requirement for structural strengthening was decided by the Engineers. After sealing and filling the cracks wit ...
... the International Concrete Repair Institute (ICRI) ‘Award of Merit’ in 2009. Few years after the initial concrete repair works were completed shear cracks were noticed in the beams and the requirement for structural strengthening was decided by the Engineers. After sealing and filling the cracks wit ...
STEEL BUILDINGS IN EUROPE Multi-Storey Steel Buildings Part 2
... Steel construction brings together the various elements of a structure in an integrated design. The materials are manufactured, fabricated and constructed using efficient production processes. The use of material is highly optimised and waste virtually eliminated. The structures themselves are used ...
... Steel construction brings together the various elements of a structure in an integrated design. The materials are manufactured, fabricated and constructed using efficient production processes. The use of material is highly optimised and waste virtually eliminated. The structures themselves are used ...
Chapter 2: Lateral Load-Resisting Systems for Composite Buildings
... Economic studies have consistently shown that a composite column is about four to six times more economical than an all-steel column. The two building systems, concrete and steel, evolved independently of each other, and up until the 1960s, engineers were trained to think of tall buildings in either ...
... Economic studies have consistently shown that a composite column is about four to six times more economical than an all-steel column. The two building systems, concrete and steel, evolved independently of each other, and up until the 1960s, engineers were trained to think of tall buildings in either ...
Post-tensioning in Building Structures
... allowed. In our experience this occurs in less than 10% of structures. If this is the case, we should substitute 15.2mm diameter strands and increase the tendon spacing. This leads to a reduction in the number of whole tendons and a subsequent reduction in anchorage costs and labour costs since less ...
... allowed. In our experience this occurs in less than 10% of structures. If this is the case, we should substitute 15.2mm diameter strands and increase the tendon spacing. This leads to a reduction in the number of whole tendons and a subsequent reduction in anchorage costs and labour costs since less ...
Polished Concrete and LEED v4.0 Certification
... available to building teams when a polished concrete floor is included in the design and construction of new commercial buildings, including schools and core and shell projects. There have been many new proposed versions of LEED v4. This white paper is based on the balloted version approved by a con ...
... available to building teams when a polished concrete floor is included in the design and construction of new commercial buildings, including schools and core and shell projects. There have been many new proposed versions of LEED v4. This white paper is based on the balloted version approved by a con ...
EC3445 Trafalgar Centre Seismic Evaluation
... structures are linked, however these have separate structural systems to support gravity and lateral loads. These structures are: the Northern Build, the Main Hall, the Southern Addition and the Civil Defence Office. At the northern end of the building is an early 1970’s one storey structure which i ...
... structures are linked, however these have separate structural systems to support gravity and lateral loads. These structures are: the Northern Build, the Main Hall, the Southern Addition and the Civil Defence Office. At the northern end of the building is an early 1970’s one storey structure which i ...
value of special concretes in concrete buildings
... an 8m x 8m grid and the floor slabs are 225mm deep PT concrete and the roof slabs are 300mm deep RC slabs. Figure 5 shows the construction programme for the 9 storey block. It can be seen that the core was slip formed in 8 weeks and the cycle time per floor is 10 days with tendons typically stresse ...
... an 8m x 8m grid and the floor slabs are 225mm deep PT concrete and the roof slabs are 300mm deep RC slabs. Figure 5 shows the construction programme for the 9 storey block. It can be seen that the core was slip formed in 8 weeks and the cycle time per floor is 10 days with tendons typically stresse ...
FUTURE SLAB PENETRATIONS and DEMOLITION of POST
... using techniques similar to those used to demolish reinforced concrete structures. Due to its induced compression the concrete is significantly harder and whilst tendons are made from high tensile strand there is considerably less steel to cut and generally concrete sections will be thinner than com ...
... using techniques similar to those used to demolish reinforced concrete structures. Due to its induced compression the concrete is significantly harder and whilst tendons are made from high tensile strand there is considerably less steel to cut and generally concrete sections will be thinner than com ...
Re-use of structural elements
... order to support sustainable growth by reducing C&D waste, pollution, natural resources consumption, and the costs of manufacturing such elements. The project has a particular focus on larger structural elements in commercial, industrial and residential buildings (columns, beams, wall panels, and fl ...
... order to support sustainable growth by reducing C&D waste, pollution, natural resources consumption, and the costs of manufacturing such elements. The project has a particular focus on larger structural elements in commercial, industrial and residential buildings (columns, beams, wall panels, and fl ...
Downl. - ISSN : 2394-1766
... - Stone chisel. It is operated by manpower and is not in using any more for concrete demolition. - Hand-held breaker. There are three types of breakers - pneumatic, hydraulic or electric driven. The first type is relatively light and small but noisy compared with the second type. Both need extra equ ...
... - Stone chisel. It is operated by manpower and is not in using any more for concrete demolition. - Hand-held breaker. There are three types of breakers - pneumatic, hydraulic or electric driven. The first type is relatively light and small but noisy compared with the second type. Both need extra equ ...
DEMOLINATION METHOD & TECHNIQUES
... - Stone chisel. It is operated by manpower and is not in using any more for concrete demolition. - Hand-held breaker. There are three types of breakers - pneumatic, hydraulic or electric driven. The first type is relatively light and small but noisy compared with the second type. Both need extra equ ...
... - Stone chisel. It is operated by manpower and is not in using any more for concrete demolition. - Hand-held breaker. There are three types of breakers - pneumatic, hydraulic or electric driven. The first type is relatively light and small but noisy compared with the second type. Both need extra equ ...
Detailed Engineering Evaluation
... fault. This is not something that has been previously considered to this extent or level of detail in New Zealand. However, with the number of buildings affected, there is a need to quickly develop an assessment methodology, and ensure that it is applied. Guides for such evaluations have been devel ...
... fault. This is not something that has been previously considered to this extent or level of detail in New Zealand. However, with the number of buildings affected, there is a need to quickly develop an assessment methodology, and ensure that it is applied. Guides for such evaluations have been devel ...
Trends and innovations in high-rise buildings over the past decade
... Over the past decade, high-rise buildings are both booming in quantity and expanding in height over the whole world. The number of constructed buildings above 200 meters is increasing every year and the height of the world's tallest building has been raised from 508 meters in the year 2004 to 828 me ...
... Over the past decade, high-rise buildings are both booming in quantity and expanding in height over the whole world. The number of constructed buildings above 200 meters is increasing every year and the height of the world's tallest building has been raised from 508 meters in the year 2004 to 828 me ...
textbook - WordPress.com
... facings. Thermal insulation may be placed between the components. Figure 1.5b shows a wood-framed exterior wall. Combination walls are constructed of several different materials. Metal, brick, concrete, or clay tile may be used as the exterior facing because of strength, durability, and water and fi ...
... facings. Thermal insulation may be placed between the components. Figure 1.5b shows a wood-framed exterior wall. Combination walls are constructed of several different materials. Metal, brick, concrete, or clay tile may be used as the exterior facing because of strength, durability, and water and fi ...
- Concrete Construction
... is the first tilt-up concrete structure ever built in Argentina. The owners chose tilt-up because of its durability, speed of construction, appearance and thermal quality (insulated concrete sandwich-wall panels were used throughout). The building exterior is natural concrete with simple rustication ...
... is the first tilt-up concrete structure ever built in Argentina. The owners chose tilt-up because of its durability, speed of construction, appearance and thermal quality (insulated concrete sandwich-wall panels were used throughout). The building exterior is natural concrete with simple rustication ...
Precast concrete
Precast concrete is a construction product produced by casting concrete in a reusable mold or ""form"" which is then cured in a controlled environment, transported to the construction site and lifted into place. In contrast, standard concrete is poured into site-specific forms and cured on site. Precast stone is distinguished from precast concrete by using a fine aggregate in the mixture, so the final product approaches the appearance of naturally occurring rock or stone.By producing precast concrete in a controlled environment (typically referred to as a precast plant), the precast concrete is afforded the opportunity to properly cure and be closely monitored by plant employees. Utilizing a Precast Concrete system offers many potential advantages over site casting of concrete. The production process for Precast Concrete is performed on ground level, which helps with safety throughout a project. There is a greater control of the quality of materials and workmanship in a precast plant rather than on a construction site. Financially, the forms used in a precast plant may be reused hundreds to thousands of times before they have to be replaced, which allow cost of formwork per unit to be lower than for site-cast production.Many states across the United States require a precast plant to be certified by either the Architectural Precast Association (APA), National Precast Concrete Association (NPCA) or Precast Prestressed Concrete Institute (PCI) for a precast producer to supply their product to a construction site sponsored by State and Federal DOTs.There are many different types of precast concrete forming systems for architectural applications, differing in size, function, and cost. Precast architectural panels are also used to clad all or part of a building facade free-standing walls used for landscaping, soundproofing, and security walls, and some can be Prestressed concrete structural elements. Stormwater drainage, water and sewage pipes, and tunnels make use of precast concrete units. The New South Wales Government Railways made extensive use of precast concrete construction for its stations and similar buildings. Between 1917 and 1932, they erected 145 such buildings. Beyond cladding panels and structural elements, entire buildings can be assembled from precast concrete. Precast assembly enables fast completion of commercial shops and offices with minimal labor. For example, the Jim Bridger Building in Williston, North Dakota, was precast in Minnesota with air, electrical, water, and fiber utilities preinstalled into the building panels. The panels were transported over 800 miles to the Bakken oilfields, and the commercial building was assembled by 3 workers in minimal time. The building houses over 40,000 square feet of shops and offices. Virtually the entire building was fabricated in Minnesota.To complete the look of the four precast wall panel types — sandwich, plastered sandwich, inner layer, and cladding panels — there are many different possibilities for the surface. The cement can be white or grey, and the color and size of the aggregate make a difference. Different colors, pigments, and paints can be added. The shape and surface of the precast concrete molds have an effect on the look: the mold can be made of timber, steel, plastic, rubber, or fiberglass, each material giving a unique finish.