hermann joseph muller 1890—1967
... in his thinking on evolution and genetics. This surprising evaluation makes more sense to those who know that at the time when Muller was an undergraduate, Morgan was strongly influenced by the ideas and work of Hugo DeVries, one of Mendel’s rediscoverers and the proponent of the mutation theory.5 T ...
... in his thinking on evolution and genetics. This surprising evaluation makes more sense to those who know that at the time when Muller was an undergraduate, Morgan was strongly influenced by the ideas and work of Hugo DeVries, one of Mendel’s rediscoverers and the proponent of the mutation theory.5 T ...
Beyond genetic discrimination. Problems and perspectives of a
... The empirical studies on the problem of genetic discrimination have not gone unnoticed. In the scholarly debate and policy discussions in society, much has been made of the danger of a “biological underclass”.5 People who were disadvantaged, pathologised and stigmatised simply owing to their genetic ...
... The empirical studies on the problem of genetic discrimination have not gone unnoticed. In the scholarly debate and policy discussions in society, much has been made of the danger of a “biological underclass”.5 People who were disadvantaged, pathologised and stigmatised simply owing to their genetic ...
Tutorial: Mendelian Genetics - Integrated DNA Technologies
... The basic concept of heredity is at least as old as civilization itself. It was no coincidence that animals and plants produced offspring very similar to the parents and that reproduction was usually restricted to members of the same general group. In the ancient world it was clear that there was a ...
... The basic concept of heredity is at least as old as civilization itself. It was no coincidence that animals and plants produced offspring very similar to the parents and that reproduction was usually restricted to members of the same general group. In the ancient world it was clear that there was a ...
Glover - Questions About Genetic Engineering
... qualms that much of what we do has genetic impact. Controversy starts when we think of aiming deliberately at genetic changes, by eugenics or genetic engineering. … The main reason for casting the discussion in terms of genetic engineering rather than eugenics is not a practical one. Many eugenic po ...
... qualms that much of what we do has genetic impact. Controversy starts when we think of aiming deliberately at genetic changes, by eugenics or genetic engineering. … The main reason for casting the discussion in terms of genetic engineering rather than eugenics is not a practical one. Many eugenic po ...
Questions about some uses of genetic engineering
... We are not yet able to cure disorders by genetic engineering. But we do sometimes respond to disorders by adopting eugenic policies, at least in voluntary form. Genetic counselling is one instance, as applied to those thought likely to have such disorders as Huntington's chorea. This is a particular ...
... We are not yet able to cure disorders by genetic engineering. But we do sometimes respond to disorders by adopting eugenic policies, at least in voluntary form. Genetic counselling is one instance, as applied to those thought likely to have such disorders as Huntington's chorea. This is a particular ...
The Bright Light of Science: Critical whiteness studies in a European
... This assumption of a stable gene pool is not only – as mentioned – highly questionable, it also evokes suspect racial categories and relations to Nazi eugenics. Historically, fascism and the Nazi’s “final solution” and experimental medicine followed eugenics and racial discrimination. Robert Proctor ...
... This assumption of a stable gene pool is not only – as mentioned – highly questionable, it also evokes suspect racial categories and relations to Nazi eugenics. Historically, fascism and the Nazi’s “final solution” and experimental medicine followed eugenics and racial discrimination. Robert Proctor ...
Commentary: Lamarckian inheritance and
... 2. Galton F. Inquiries into Human Faculty & Its Development. ...
... 2. Galton F. Inquiries into Human Faculty & Its Development. ...
The Study of Genetics: A Historical Perspective Ross Edwards
... The Rise of Political Empowerment As genetics grew as a science, the general public became interested in its many prospects. Unfortunately, it is from this public interest that a number of negative perspectives emerged from the abuse of Mendel’s concepts. Prior to turn of the century, a natural hist ...
... The Rise of Political Empowerment As genetics grew as a science, the general public became interested in its many prospects. Unfortunately, it is from this public interest that a number of negative perspectives emerged from the abuse of Mendel’s concepts. Prior to turn of the century, a natural hist ...
Davenport`s Dream: 21 st Century Reflections on Heredity and
... been unavailable, with content long outdated. Charles Davenport's Heredity in Relation to Eugenics was published almost 100 years ago, and its subject matter—eugenic studies in the early 20th century—was consigned in the 1940s to what is now referred to as "pathological science." Why, then, revisit ...
... been unavailable, with content long outdated. Charles Davenport's Heredity in Relation to Eugenics was published almost 100 years ago, and its subject matter—eugenic studies in the early 20th century—was consigned in the 1940s to what is now referred to as "pathological science." Why, then, revisit ...
Presessional Prac Reading Test 2016 - Booklet 1
... In essence, we are seeing a sanitised version of the old eugenics, updated for modern times. Instead of ‘elimination of the unfit’, HGE is presented as a tool to end, once and for all, the suffering associated with genetic diseases. And in place of ‘improving the race’, the current emphasis is on fr ...
... In essence, we are seeing a sanitised version of the old eugenics, updated for modern times. Instead of ‘elimination of the unfit’, HGE is presented as a tool to end, once and for all, the suffering associated with genetic diseases. And in place of ‘improving the race’, the current emphasis is on fr ...
406kb - Cognitive Critique
... increased interest in an antithetical but equally extreme view of human nature. In the 1920s, John B. Watson and his radical behaviorist colleagues had thrown down the gauntlet for environmentalism with his biological-free battle cry to the effect that given a dozen healthy infants he would guarante ...
... increased interest in an antithetical but equally extreme view of human nature. In the 1920s, John B. Watson and his radical behaviorist colleagues had thrown down the gauntlet for environmentalism with his biological-free battle cry to the effect that given a dozen healthy infants he would guarante ...
Designer babies: the problem with genetic engineering
... the objection to parents wanting to give their children the advantage of genes that make it easier for them to succeed in creating a pleasant life for themselves? It seems to me that there is a reason for a set of moral considerations that go beyond safety and fairness. What makes us most uneasy ab ...
... the objection to parents wanting to give their children the advantage of genes that make it easier for them to succeed in creating a pleasant life for themselves? It seems to me that there is a reason for a set of moral considerations that go beyond safety and fairness. What makes us most uneasy ab ...
Genetic Analysis of Peas and Humans
... • A Single Trait May Be controlled by Multiple Genes • The Eugenics Movement ...
... • A Single Trait May Be controlled by Multiple Genes • The Eugenics Movement ...
Unit 5: Ethical Issues in Genetics
... the DNA is not later used for other nonconsensual purposes? ...
... the DNA is not later used for other nonconsensual purposes? ...
Background on genetic diseases
... 1984, quoting Francis Galton). The eugenics movement is noted for promulgating social programs intended to enhance desired human traits, such as intelligence and physical strength, and to eliminate undesirable traits, such as “feeblemindedness)” criminality, and disease. ...
... 1984, quoting Francis Galton). The eugenics movement is noted for promulgating social programs intended to enhance desired human traits, such as intelligence and physical strength, and to eliminate undesirable traits, such as “feeblemindedness)” criminality, and disease. ...
Respect For Persons As A Guide To Genetic Enhancement
... There is a long list ofproblems regarding this type of individual enhancement, but a few are especially notable. The first is the problem of having the capability of knowing in advance your probable genetic future. As Leon Kass asks in his article, "The Moral Meaning of Genetic Technology," "will an ...
... There is a long list ofproblems regarding this type of individual enhancement, but a few are especially notable. The first is the problem of having the capability of knowing in advance your probable genetic future. As Leon Kass asks in his article, "The Moral Meaning of Genetic Technology," "will an ...
Playing God? The Ethics of Genetic Manipulation
... • Too risky at this time—we simply don’t know enough to do this safely The Slippery Slope Argument • Leads to possible abuses, especially eugenics The Respect for Autonomy Argument • Violates child’s autonomy by choosing a future for him/her, sometimes using the child as a mere means The Hubris Argu ...
... • Too risky at this time—we simply don’t know enough to do this safely The Slippery Slope Argument • Leads to possible abuses, especially eugenics The Respect for Autonomy Argument • Violates child’s autonomy by choosing a future for him/her, sometimes using the child as a mere means The Hubris Argu ...
Playing God? The Ethics of Genetic Manipulation
... • Too risky at this time—we simply don’t know enough to do this safely The Slippery Slope Argument • Leads to possible abuses, especially eugenics The Respect for Autonomy Argument • Violates child’s autonomy by choosing a future for him/her, sometimes using the child as a mere means The Hubris Argu ...
... • Too risky at this time—we simply don’t know enough to do this safely The Slippery Slope Argument • Leads to possible abuses, especially eugenics The Respect for Autonomy Argument • Violates child’s autonomy by choosing a future for him/her, sometimes using the child as a mere means The Hubris Argu ...
UNIT I: INTRODUCTION
... - Francis Galton defined eugenics as the study of all agencies under human control which can improve or impair the racial quality of future generations. ...
... - Francis Galton defined eugenics as the study of all agencies under human control which can improve or impair the racial quality of future generations. ...
2-Slides
... Nature vs. Nurture-2 What makes us human? Nurturist position: Beyond Human Nature by Jesse J. Prinz -- Norton ...
... Nature vs. Nurture-2 What makes us human? Nurturist position: Beyond Human Nature by Jesse J. Prinz -- Norton ...
Behavior Genetics
... of Nazi Germany staunchly supported and enforced the principles of eugenics. Eugenics-based legislation culminated in the "euthanasia" of the mentally retarded and the physically disabled, who, according to Nazi geneticists, would otherwise contaminate the German people with unfit genes. ...
... of Nazi Germany staunchly supported and enforced the principles of eugenics. Eugenics-based legislation culminated in the "euthanasia" of the mentally retarded and the physically disabled, who, according to Nazi geneticists, would otherwise contaminate the German people with unfit genes. ...
a historical view of social responsibility in genetics
... Davenport, who had done impressive scientific work in showing that Huntington's Disease was inherited as a dominant Mendelian trait, also argued that social phenomena such as criminality, poverty, intelligence, and even seafaringness could be attributed to single genes (Ludmerer 1972). These conclus ...
... Davenport, who had done impressive scientific work in showing that Huntington's Disease was inherited as a dominant Mendelian trait, also argued that social phenomena such as criminality, poverty, intelligence, and even seafaringness could be attributed to single genes (Ludmerer 1972). These conclus ...
presentation on factors which influence genes, prevention and
... 1. HEALTH PROMOTIONAL MEASURES a. Eugenics: Galton proposed the term eugenics for the science which aims to improve the genetic endowment of human population. Eugenics has both negative and positive aspects. b. Negative eugenics : Hitler sought to improve the German race by killing the weak and defe ...
... 1. HEALTH PROMOTIONAL MEASURES a. Eugenics: Galton proposed the term eugenics for the science which aims to improve the genetic endowment of human population. Eugenics has both negative and positive aspects. b. Negative eugenics : Hitler sought to improve the German race by killing the weak and defe ...
Eugenics
Eugenics (/juːˈdʒɛnɪks/; from Greek εὐγενής eugenes ""well-born"" from εὖ eu, ""good, well"" and γένος genos, ""race, stock, kin"") is a set of beliefs and practices which aims at improving the genetic quality of the human population. It is a social philosophy advocating the improvement of human genetic traits through the promotion of higher rates of sexual reproduction for people with desired traits (positive eugenics), or reduced rates of sexual reproduction and sterilization of people with less-desired or undesired traits (negative eugenics), or both. Alternatively, gene selection rather than ""people selection"" has recently been made possible through advancements in gene editing (e.g. CRISPR). The exact definition of eugenics has been a matter of debate since the term was coined. The definition of it as a ""social philosophy""—that is, a philosophy with implications for social order—is not universally accepted, and was taken from Frederick Osborn's 1937 journal article ""Development of a Eugenic Philosophy"".While eugenic principles have been practiced as far back in world history as Ancient Greece, the modern history of eugenics began in the early 20th century when a popular eugenics movement emerged in Britain and spread to many countries, including the United States and most European countries. In this period, eugenic ideas were espoused across the political spectrum. Consequently, many countries adopted eugenic policies meant to improve the genetic stock of their countries. Such programs often included both ""positive"" measures, such as encouraging individuals deemed particularly ""fit"" to reproduce, and ""negative"" measures such as marriage prohibitions and forced sterilization of people deemed unfit for reproduction. People deemed unfit to reproduce often included people with mental or physical disabilities, people who scored in the low ranges of different IQ tests, criminals and deviants, and members of disfavored minority groups. The eugenics movement became negatively associated with Nazi Germany and the Holocaust—the murder by the German state of approximately 11 million people—when many of the defendants at the Nuremberg trials attempted to justify their human rights abuses by claiming there was little difference between the Nazi eugenics programs and the US eugenics programs.In the decades following World War II, with the institution of human rights, many countries gradually abandoned eugenics policies, although some Western countries, among them Sweden and the US, continued to carry out forced sterilizations for several decades.A major critique of eugenics policies is that regardless of whether ""negative"" or ""positive"" policies are used, they are vulnerable to abuse because the criteria of selection are determined by whichever group is in political power. Furthermore, negative eugenics in particular is considered by many to be a violation of basic human rights, which include the right to reproduction.