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EAGLES Recommendations for the Morphosyntactic Annotation of
EAGLES Recommendations for the Morphosyntactic Annotation of

... a free-for-all in tagging practices. On the other hand, the varied needs and constraints which govern any annotation project, or which might govern such projects in the future, urge caution in setting out to achieve a rigid standardisation. Where possible, it is important to offer a default specific ...
English for Academic Research: Grammar, Usage and Style
English for Academic Research: Grammar, Usage and Style

... range of disciplines. What I discovered confirmed that each discipline (and indeed subdiscipline) tends to use English in very specific ways that are not consistent across disciplines. An obvious example is the use of we. In some disciplines, we (and even I) are used freely; in other disciplines, th ...
chapter 1 nouns, pronouns and determiners
chapter 1 nouns, pronouns and determiners

... Personal pronouns are used for persons or things and change form according to the people or things they refer to and their position in a sentence (Subject or Object). Thus I is used as the subject of a sentence (I am happy.), me is used as an object in various ways (He hit me. He gave me a book. Do ...
The Double-O Constraints in Japanese* William J. Poser
The Double-O Constraints in Japanese* William J. Poser

... be the direct object of “beat” or the causee. But in fact, only one interpretation is possible, that on which the missing NP is the causee. This is because the missing NP can be taken to be dative, which is a possible case for the causee. For the missing NP to be the direct object of “beat”, it woul ...
Passive without passive morphology
Passive without passive morphology

... antecedent for the enclitic pronoun. It appears that it occupies a clause external position of TOP position within an extended clause structure (see Bresnan 2001:116). To illustrate the point, consider sentence (3a), which can be analysed as having the structure shown in (5). In this structure, the ...
Printable Book
Printable Book

... 1. "Us" is the subject of the infinitive "to rise." That infinitive phrase is the direct object of the infinitive "to tell," and the "to tell phrase functions as an adverb to "crow." 2. "For" here functions as a coordinating conjunction -- See "So" and "For" as Conjunctions. 3. Let me begin with the ...
The Complex Sentence
The Complex Sentence

... There is no connection between the form and the function of a subordinate clause – when he arrives home is classified according to their function as subject clauses. Subject complement: The question is whether they will import those spare parts. He is not what he pretends to be. The subject in compl ...
Chapter 4 Nominals and noun phrases
Chapter 4 Nominals and noun phrases

... The numerical specification of plural pronouns involves the use of cardinal numeral forms. Cardinals (see (4.2.2.2.1.4)), are derived from most numeral roots by marking the root with the suffix -gu ~ -u. Thus 'you four' is expressed as gau fnotou. The non-third person plural forms freely occur with ...
How do I talk about the past
How do I talk about the past

... he/ she / one/ the cat entered ...
Lecture 17: Existential Sentences in Chinese: Syntax and Semantics
Lecture 17: Existential Sentences in Chinese: Syntax and Semantics

... In Lectures 15 and 16 we have seen some of the issues surrounding the semantics of “weak NPs” and the semantic interpretation of existential sentences. These two issues are closely connected, since the main criterion for dividing NPs into ‘weak’ and ‘strong’ is the so-called “Definiteness Effect” ex ...
Verbal inflection and overflow auxiliaries
Verbal inflection and overflow auxiliaries

... often claimed that auxiliaries are used when the morphological component is for whatever reason unable to fill some cell of a paradigm (Di Sciullo and Williams, 1987; Poser, 1992; Kiparsky, 2004, a.o.). This type of explanation has frequently been offered in morphological work on inflectional periph ...
Reflexivization in Referent Grammar
Reflexivization in Referent Grammar

... Thus, the different morphological features of the personal and reflexive pronouns allow different interpretations in Swedish and English. In Russian there is also a distinction between possessive and non-possessive reflexive pronouns. The possessive reflexive pronoun svoj can be used for all grammat ...
Do INSTRUCTION AND EXPOSURE MAKE A DIFFERENCE ON
Do INSTRUCTION AND EXPOSURE MAKE A DIFFERENCE ON

... G. Legros 1995) and France (Romainville 2000; Louvet and Preteur 2003, for example). A thematic issue of the Revue des sciences de I'education published in 1995' dealt with the mastery of written French in post-secondary institutions in Quebec. Its purpose was to evaluate the effects on students' wr ...
Language Structure Assignment 7: Key to Seminar
Language Structure Assignment 7: Key to Seminar

... thus take predicatives, which can be adjective phrases but not adverb phrases. (Note that these verbs can also be used in other structures, e.g. I was smelling the soup, where smell is a transitive verb that takes the direct object the soup.) An adjective that occurs inside a noun phrase and modifie ...
Raymond Hickey, A Promise is a Promise: On speech acts of
Raymond Hickey, A Promise is a Promise: On speech acts of

... When looking at acts of commitment one sees that the consent of the hearer, which is an integral part of them, is important so that the speaker may achieve his purpose. One might imagine that the speaker can best achieve his purpose if he is independent of the hearer but this is not necessarily so. ...
toeic
toeic

... The -ing and -ed forms of verbs. The -ing form is called the “present participle”. The -ed form is called the “past participle” (for irregular verbs, this is column 3). Part Of Speech (品詞 Hin-shi ) One of the eight classes of word in English - noun, verb, adjective, adverb, pronoun, preposition, con ...
Clear and Emphatic Sentences
Clear and Emphatic Sentences

... Emphatic sentences can be used in expressing opinions, disagreeing, making strong suggestions, expressing annoyance, etc.Any sentence can be made emphatic by emphasizing on a particular subject, object or verb.There are a number of ways to add emphasis to your sentences in English. Creating an empha ...
Counterfactual
Counterfactual

... पानी देते हुए … सोच रहे थे is known as a participle ...
Latin for Children: Primer C
Latin for Children: Primer C

... The options for number (which tells you how many, as you no doubt remember) are singular (one) and plural (more than one). The options for case, which helps you determine the noun’s role in the sentence, are: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative and ablative. Now, listing the different forms of ...
Variable direction in zero-derivation and the unity of polysemous
Variable direction in zero-derivation and the unity of polysemous

... an overt derivational affix. Self-evidently, however, given their senses and in particular their parallel polysemy, the adjective and the noun are to be derivationally related to each other, and the question therefore is: Which is basic, the adjective or the noun, and which is (zero-)derived? The po ...
volume 15 - wecol 2003
volume 15 - wecol 2003

... second conjunct is actually derived via verb movement. Second, for LPD-type constructions to result, the verb must raise in ATB fashion at least as high as the v position. A prediction thus follows: languages where the verb does not raise out of VP will lack LPD constructions; this prediction bears ...
revenge
revenge

... Notice that we use such situation-specific notions as injury, offender, etc., rather than limiting ourselves to some standard list of thematic roles, like agent, patient, goal, etc. First, there aren’t enough of those to go around, and if we had squeeze all the distinctions we find into such a list, ...
FNintroCJF Slides from a lecture Microsoft
FNintroCJF Slides from a lecture Microsoft

... Notice that we use such situation-specific notions as injury, offender, etc., rather than limiting ourselves to some standard list of thematic roles, like agent, patient, goal, etc. First, there aren’t enough of those to go around, and if we had squeeze all the distinctions we find into such a list, ...
The Verb-Particle Alternation in the Scandinavian Languages
The Verb-Particle Alternation in the Scandinavian Languages

... what seems to be the most common type, those which have an external Figure and an internal Ground, as only they appear in the verb-particle construction. Take it as given, then, that the mapping of the argument structure of these spatial prepositions onto their syntactic structure is fixed by some c ...
Direct Object Pronouns - Reeths
Direct Object Pronouns - Reeths

... 1. a. Jorge is giving the dog to her. (Her stands for Teresa). OR b. Jorge is giving her the dog. 2. a. I’m buying a pop for him. (Him stands for my friend.) OR b. I’m buying him a pop. C. Now let’s see what it looks like in Spanish! In Spanish, we use the indirect object pronouns le or les, even if ...
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Georgian grammar

The Georgian language belongs to the Kartvelian family. Some of its characteristics are similar to those of Slavic languages such as its system of verbal aspect, but Georgian grammar is remarkably different from European languages and has many distinct features, such as split ergativity and a polypersonal verb agreement system.Georgian has its own alphabet. In this article, a transliteration with Latin letters will be used throughout.
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