Male lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS)
... • pharmacotherapy using agents to relax the prostatic muscle, shrink the hyperplastic prostatic tissue or relax the bladder either as monotherapy or in combination ...
... • pharmacotherapy using agents to relax the prostatic muscle, shrink the hyperplastic prostatic tissue or relax the bladder either as monotherapy or in combination ...
Osteoarthritis — Care and management in adults
... 8.1.10 Health economic evidence statements ................................................................ 140 8.1.11 From evidence to recommendations ................................................................... 144 ...
... 8.1.10 Health economic evidence statements ................................................................ 140 8.1.11 From evidence to recommendations ................................................................... 144 ...
Abstracts of the 19th Cochrane Colloquium
... NICE and the UKCC undertook a pilot project using Cochrane reviews as an evidence base to identify low-value interventions for local NHS disinvestment. Methods: Over six months all Cochrane reviews concluding that an intervention could not be recommended or should be used only in research were ident ...
... NICE and the UKCC undertook a pilot project using Cochrane reviews as an evidence base to identify low-value interventions for local NHS disinvestment. Methods: Over six months all Cochrane reviews concluding that an intervention could not be recommended or should be used only in research were ident ...
IV fluids in children
... maintain correct fluid and electrolyte balance. IV fluid therapy may also be required to restore correct fluid and electrolyte balance. Children may need IV fluids to account for losses of red blood cells, plasma, water or electrolytes, beyond the usual losses in urine, stools and sweat. These losse ...
... maintain correct fluid and electrolyte balance. IV fluid therapy may also be required to restore correct fluid and electrolyte balance. Children may need IV fluids to account for losses of red blood cells, plasma, water or electrolytes, beyond the usual losses in urine, stools and sweat. These losse ...
pdf
... Since tinnitus is a purely subjective condition, its assessment is not trivial. Tinnitus loudness can be assessed by matching procedures or by visual analogue- or numeric rating scales. For the assessment of tinnitus related handicap several questionnaires have been developed and validated. Since no ...
... Since tinnitus is a purely subjective condition, its assessment is not trivial. Tinnitus loudness can be assessed by matching procedures or by visual analogue- or numeric rating scales. For the assessment of tinnitus related handicap several questionnaires have been developed and validated. Since no ...
do patients managed within a trial experience different outcomes
... compared to similar patients managed outside a trial. Background: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are at the top of the hierarchy of research studies when trying to prove a causal relationship between an intervention and a specific outcome 1. Due to the nature of its design, RCTs are able to cir ...
... compared to similar patients managed outside a trial. Background: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are at the top of the hierarchy of research studies when trying to prove a causal relationship between an intervention and a specific outcome 1. Due to the nature of its design, RCTs are able to cir ...
Final Program - Society for Clinical Trials
... With the meeting being on the Pacific Rim, this year we identified special lectures on themes related to clinical trials in Asia. Starting off on Monday morning, the Curtis Meinert Lecture will be given by Anushka Patel from The George Institute in Australia and India and is entitled “Clinical Trial ...
... With the meeting being on the Pacific Rim, this year we identified special lectures on themes related to clinical trials in Asia. Starting off on Monday morning, the Curtis Meinert Lecture will be given by Anushka Patel from The George Institute in Australia and India and is entitled “Clinical Trial ...
The safety and effectiveness of different methods of earwax removal
... and treat disease, and improve rehabilitation and long-term care. The research findings from the HTA programme directly influence decision-making bodies such as the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) and the National Screening Committee (NSC). HTA findings also help to impr ...
... and treat disease, and improve rehabilitation and long-term care. The research findings from the HTA programme directly influence decision-making bodies such as the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) and the National Screening Committee (NSC). HTA findings also help to impr ...
guidelines for evaluating chronic cough in pediatrics
... • Use of OTC meds and frequency of doctor’s visits were less likely with more highly educated mothers.201 • Parental concerns can be extreme and include fear of child choking and dying, SIDS, asthma attack, permanent chest ...
... • Use of OTC meds and frequency of doctor’s visits were less likely with more highly educated mothers.201 • Parental concerns can be extreme and include fear of child choking and dying, SIDS, asthma attack, permanent chest ...
Linezolid versus vancomycin for skin and soft tissue infections
... Antibiotic drugs for treating skin and soft tissue infections Skin and soft tissue infections such as impetigo, abscesses, ulcers, and surgical site infections are common infections of the skin. For serious skin and soft tissue infections involving the deeper tissues, the death rate and treatment co ...
... Antibiotic drugs for treating skin and soft tissue infections Skin and soft tissue infections such as impetigo, abscesses, ulcers, and surgical site infections are common infections of the skin. For serious skin and soft tissue infections involving the deeper tissues, the death rate and treatment co ...
Using Sequential, Multiple Assignment, Randomized Trial (SMART
... Bierman et al. 2006; Marlowe et al. 2008; McKay 2005). This approach is based on the notion that patients differ in their responses to interventions: in order for an intervention to be most effective, it should be individualized and repeatedly adapted over time to individual progress. An adaptive in ...
... Bierman et al. 2006; Marlowe et al. 2008; McKay 2005). This approach is based on the notion that patients differ in their responses to interventions: in order for an intervention to be most effective, it should be individualized and repeatedly adapted over time to individual progress. An adaptive in ...
SPIRIT 2013 explanation and elaboration: guidance for
... of a random sequence, details of any planned restriction (eg, blocking) should be provided in a separate document that is unavailable to those who enrol participants or assign interventions Allocation concealment 16b Mechanism of implementing the allocation sequence (eg, central telephone; sequentia ...
... of a random sequence, details of any planned restriction (eg, blocking) should be provided in a separate document that is unavailable to those who enrol participants or assign interventions Allocation concealment 16b Mechanism of implementing the allocation sequence (eg, central telephone; sequentia ...
Effectiveness of Particle Repositioning Maneuvers in the Treatment
... if concurrent vestibular deficits exist.33 Patients with positive findings on the DHT may report no vertigo at the time of follow-up if provoking positions are avoided or if they have unrecognized BPPV (imbalance with no vertigo).2 Because of these confounding factors, the patient’s report of vertig ...
... if concurrent vestibular deficits exist.33 Patients with positive findings on the DHT may report no vertigo at the time of follow-up if provoking positions are avoided or if they have unrecognized BPPV (imbalance with no vertigo).2 Because of these confounding factors, the patient’s report of vertig ...
Agonists for Sedation in Pediatric Critical Care: A Systematic Review
... of sedative drug efficacy (18). The reduction in opioid consumption is a conveniently captured outcome and widely reported throughout included studies. Yet, it does not address therapeutic advantage conferred by the administration of α2 agonists other than lessening exposure to other potentially har ...
... of sedative drug efficacy (18). The reduction in opioid consumption is a conveniently captured outcome and widely reported throughout included studies. Yet, it does not address therapeutic advantage conferred by the administration of α2 agonists other than lessening exposure to other potentially har ...
pressure ulcer care initiative (puci)
... recommendation, please include, with the new recommendation, one to three best available references citing its clinical importance in pressure ulcer management. This will help establish its clinical relevance and supporting evidence. In addition to rating clinical relevance, you will be asked to rat ...
... recommendation, please include, with the new recommendation, one to three best available references citing its clinical importance in pressure ulcer management. This will help establish its clinical relevance and supporting evidence. In addition to rating clinical relevance, you will be asked to rat ...
Complementary Medicine The Evidence So Far
... Effectiveness of complementary therapies in specific conditions .......................... 17 4.1 Aerobic capacity (1 systematic review) ........................................................................................17 4.2 Addictions (1 editorial/1 systematic review) ....................... ...
... Effectiveness of complementary therapies in specific conditions .......................... 17 4.1 Aerobic capacity (1 systematic review) ........................................................................................17 4.2 Addictions (1 editorial/1 systematic review) ....................... ...
Wheezing in the young : How to approach and treat ? ั
... • There is insufficient evidence to support the use of any medication in acute phase RSV bronchiolitis • The clinical presentations of bronchiolitis causes by y RSV,, rhinovirus or other respiratory p y viruses are similar found to be the second most • Rhinovirus is f common cause of bronchiolitis a ...
... • There is insufficient evidence to support the use of any medication in acute phase RSV bronchiolitis • The clinical presentations of bronchiolitis causes by y RSV,, rhinovirus or other respiratory p y viruses are similar found to be the second most • Rhinovirus is f common cause of bronchiolitis a ...
Use of Buspirone for the Treatment of Anxiety: A Review
... did not provide means and standard deviations to evaluate the stability of their results.7 The systematic review from the United States assessed the robustness of their analysis by computing the number of studies with negative findings that would need to be combined with the studies reviewed in orde ...
... did not provide means and standard deviations to evaluate the stability of their results.7 The systematic review from the United States assessed the robustness of their analysis by computing the number of studies with negative findings that would need to be combined with the studies reviewed in orde ...
What is heterogeneity and is it important?
... are trying to measure the same thing and that more influence should be given to larger trials when computing an average effect.4 But what if the P value for the χ2 test of heterogeneity is low, suggesting significant heterogeneity? What can be done? Two approaches are possible. We can either avoid ...
... are trying to measure the same thing and that more influence should be given to larger trials when computing an average effect.4 But what if the P value for the χ2 test of heterogeneity is low, suggesting significant heterogeneity? What can be done? Two approaches are possible. We can either avoid ...
Natural Therapies Report - Word 957 KB
... unaltered form for your own personal use or, if you are part of an organisation, for internal use within your organisation, but only if you or your organisation do not use the reproduction for any commercial purpose and retain this copyright notice and all disclaimer notices as part of that reproduc ...
... unaltered form for your own personal use or, if you are part of an organisation, for internal use within your organisation, but only if you or your organisation do not use the reproduction for any commercial purpose and retain this copyright notice and all disclaimer notices as part of that reproduc ...
BMC Dermatology Orest Szczurko and Heather S Boon* Research article
... supplements that may have efficacy in the treatment of vitiligo. We searched eight databases including MEDLINE and EMBASE for vitiligo, leucoderma, and various NHP terms. Prospective controlled clinical human trials were identified and assessed for quality. Results: Fifteen clinical trials were iden ...
... supplements that may have efficacy in the treatment of vitiligo. We searched eight databases including MEDLINE and EMBASE for vitiligo, leucoderma, and various NHP terms. Prospective controlled clinical human trials were identified and assessed for quality. Results: Fifteen clinical trials were iden ...
... 12.10 Data Safety Monitoring and Interim Analysis This section has been revised at the request of the UPPCRN Data and Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) so that the interim analysis of efficacy and safety occurs earlier in the recruitment period. This is to ensure that sufficient time exists between the ...
![evidence based review [2016] (PDF 1.3M)](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/008003750_1-a57461aa52f79c00435b76ed45564920-300x300.png)
evidence based review [2016] (PDF 1.3M)
... were excluded from the main body of this report; however the findings From this reasoning four of the five RCTs are included within Appendix 2 at the end of this report. The main finding from these excluded studies was that there was a paucity of RCTs that have investigated the efficacy of using bis ...
... were excluded from the main body of this report; however the findings From this reasoning four of the five RCTs are included within Appendix 2 at the end of this report. The main finding from these excluded studies was that there was a paucity of RCTs that have investigated the efficacy of using bis ...
Guidelines for Treatment of Infections in Primary Care
... Aims of Guidelines and Principles of Treatment ...
... Aims of Guidelines and Principles of Treatment ...
Randomized controlled trial
A randomized controlled trial (or randomized control trial; RCT) is a type of scientific (often medical) experiment, where the people being studied are randomly allocated one or other of the different treatments under study. The RCT is often considered the gold standard for a clinical trial. RCTs are often used to test the efficacy or effectiveness of various types of medical intervention and may provide information about adverse effects, such as drug reactions. Random assignment of intervention is done after subjects have been assessed for eligibility and recruited, but before the intervention to be studied begins.Random allocation in real trials is complex, but conceptually, the process is like tossing a coin. After randomization, the two (or more) groups of subjects are followed in exactly the same way, and the only differences between the care they receive, for example, in terms of procedures, tests, outpatient visits, and follow-up calls, should be those intrinsic to the treatments being compared. The most important advantage of proper randomization is that it minimizes allocation bias, balancing both known and unknown prognostic factors, in the assignment of treatments.The terms ""RCT"" and randomized trial are sometimes used synonymously, but the methodologically sound practice is to reserve the ""RCT"" name only for trials that contain control groups, in which groups receiving the experimental treatment are compared with control groups receiving no treatment (a placebo-controlled study) or a previously tested treatment (a positive-control study). The term ""randomized trials"" omits mention of controls and can describe studies that compare multiple treatment groups with each other (in the absence of a control group). Similarly, although the ""RCT"" name is sometimes expanded as ""randomized clinical trial"" or ""randomized comparative trial"", the methodologically sound practice, to avoid ambiguity in the scientific literature, is to retain ""control"" in the definition of ""RCT"" and thus reserve that name only for trials that contain controls. Not all randomized clinical trials are randomized controlled trials (and some of them could never be, in cases where controls would be impractical or unethical to institute). The term randomized controlled clinical trials is a methodologically sound alternate expansion for ""RCT"" in RCTs that concern clinical research; however, RCTs are also employed in other research areas, including many of the social sciences.