Operant Conditioning - Fleming County Schools
... This is known as: This is known as: ________________ ________________ ...
... This is known as: This is known as: ________________ ________________ ...
Multiple Regression - Basic Relationships
... Multiple regression requires that the dependent variable be metric and the independent variables be metric or dichotomous. "Frequency of attendance at religious services" [attend] is an ordinal level variable, which satisfies the level of measurement requirement if we follow the convention of treati ...
... Multiple regression requires that the dependent variable be metric and the independent variables be metric or dichotomous. "Frequency of attendance at religious services" [attend] is an ordinal level variable, which satisfies the level of measurement requirement if we follow the convention of treati ...
What the one-way ANOVA for?
... Application of One-way ANOVA Example: A one-way ANOVA is used to understand whether exam performance differed based on the anxiety levels amongst students, dividing students into three independent groups (e.g., low, medium and high-stressed students). It only tells you that at least two groups were ...
... Application of One-way ANOVA Example: A one-way ANOVA is used to understand whether exam performance differed based on the anxiety levels amongst students, dividing students into three independent groups (e.g., low, medium and high-stressed students). It only tells you that at least two groups were ...
The Choice of an Appropriate Statistic
... total absence of heat. Temperature, measured on the Fahrenheit scale, is actually an interval level variable, and differs from a ratio level variable only in that the zero point is not absolute. Ordinal level variables differ from both interval and ratio level variables in that there is no consisten ...
... total absence of heat. Temperature, measured on the Fahrenheit scale, is actually an interval level variable, and differs from a ratio level variable only in that the zero point is not absolute. Ordinal level variables differ from both interval and ratio level variables in that there is no consisten ...
EIPB 698A Lecture 9
... • This study examines the role of perceived stress in the relationship between social support and mood, and tested if moderator effects influenced the relationship. • The role of coping in the relationship between perceived stress and mood was also examined for potential moderator effects. • The cro ...
... • This study examines the role of perceived stress in the relationship between social support and mood, and tested if moderator effects influenced the relationship. • The role of coping in the relationship between perceived stress and mood was also examined for potential moderator effects. • The cro ...
Summer 2004 Paper - Goldsmiths, University of London
... 6. A personality researcher was interested in the effects of background noise on performance in relation to extraversion. In his first study, he tested a group of extraverts and introverts on a reaction time task while playing continuous white noise to the participants. Approximately half the extrav ...
... 6. A personality researcher was interested in the effects of background noise on performance in relation to extraversion. In his first study, he tested a group of extraverts and introverts on a reaction time task while playing continuous white noise to the participants. Approximately half the extrav ...
jac_methods_Ch01
... which in turn causes a change in Y. >X > I >Y Example: Exposure to women who have nontraditional careers “intervenes” to explain why those of higher SES are more likely to choose nontraditional program of study © 2007 Pearson Education Canada ...
... which in turn causes a change in Y. >X > I >Y Example: Exposure to women who have nontraditional careers “intervenes” to explain why those of higher SES are more likely to choose nontraditional program of study © 2007 Pearson Education Canada ...
Research Methods - psych
... The final step is to report the findings to others who may be interested in the research ...
... The final step is to report the findings to others who may be interested in the research ...
The invention of random variables
... he published his textbook using variable aléatoire in 1928. In 1929, Fréchet returned to Paris to teach probability at the Ecole Normale, where he adopted Darmois’s terminology as he realized that probability theory could be embedded in his earlier work in functional analysis. Thus a variable aléato ...
... he published his textbook using variable aléatoire in 1928. In 1929, Fréchet returned to Paris to teach probability at the Ecole Normale, where he adopted Darmois’s terminology as he realized that probability theory could be embedded in his earlier work in functional analysis. Thus a variable aléato ...
Chapter 5-3: Dichotomous Predictor Variables
... Nunnally and Bernstein (1994, pp. 189-190) further state: “As noted in the section titled ‘Another form of Partialling,’ categorical variables are now used quite commonly in multivariate analysis thanks to Cohen (1968). This use reflects the point made in Chapter 1 that a scale may be regarded as an ...
... Nunnally and Bernstein (1994, pp. 189-190) further state: “As noted in the section titled ‘Another form of Partialling,’ categorical variables are now used quite commonly in multivariate analysis thanks to Cohen (1968). This use reflects the point made in Chapter 1 that a scale may be regarded as an ...
Multiple-Choice Exam Questions
... Ch 1.5B 5. The General Social Survey asked respondents to assess their own health as excellent, good, fair, or poor. The level of measurement of this variable is: a) nominal. b) ordinal. c) interval/ratio. d) none of the above. e) can't tell because there is not enough information. Ch 1.5C 6. The ...
... Ch 1.5B 5. The General Social Survey asked respondents to assess their own health as excellent, good, fair, or poor. The level of measurement of this variable is: a) nominal. b) ordinal. c) interval/ratio. d) none of the above. e) can't tell because there is not enough information. Ch 1.5C 6. The ...
iClicker Questions Section 6.2
... The organism learns an association between a stimulus and a response. The organism learns an association between a behavior and a reward. The organism learns an association between a behavior and a punishment. The organism learns an association between a behavior and a consequence. E. None of the ab ...
... The organism learns an association between a stimulus and a response. The organism learns an association between a behavior and a reward. The organism learns an association between a behavior and a punishment. The organism learns an association between a behavior and a consequence. E. None of the ab ...
- W.W. Norton
... The organism learns an association between a stimulus and a response. The organism learns an association between a behavior and a reward. The organism learns an association between a behavior and a punishment. The organism learns an association between a behavior and a consequence. E. None of the ab ...
... The organism learns an association between a stimulus and a response. The organism learns an association between a behavior and a reward. The organism learns an association between a behavior and a punishment. The organism learns an association between a behavior and a consequence. E. None of the ab ...
Ritchey_Ch11 - Investigadores CIDE
... • E.g., a hypothesis test reveals a statistically significant difference in the mean number of personal holidays of men and women in a corporation: women average 0.1 days per year more. The test tells us with 95% confidence that the 0.1 day difference in the samples truly exists in the populations • ...
... • E.g., a hypothesis test reveals a statistically significant difference in the mean number of personal holidays of men and women in a corporation: women average 0.1 days per year more. The test tells us with 95% confidence that the 0.1 day difference in the samples truly exists in the populations • ...
How to interpret scientific & statistical graphs
... Very easy for a graph to lie • What are the limits of the axis/axes? Is the scale consistent? • How do the height and width of the graph compare to each other? Is the graph a square? A rectangle (ie, short & wide; tall & skinny)? • If two or more graphs are shown together (eg, side-by-side, or in a ...
... Very easy for a graph to lie • What are the limits of the axis/axes? Is the scale consistent? • How do the height and width of the graph compare to each other? Is the graph a square? A rectangle (ie, short & wide; tall & skinny)? • If two or more graphs are shown together (eg, side-by-side, or in a ...
Chapter 1 Power Point: The Science of Psychology
... 5. Report your results so that others can try to replicate, or repeat, the study or experiment to see whether the same results will be obtained in an effort to demonstrate reliability of results ...
... 5. Report your results so that others can try to replicate, or repeat, the study or experiment to see whether the same results will be obtained in an effort to demonstrate reliability of results ...
SAS--Proc Means (Descriptive Stats)
... The following command will calculate a zillion descriptive statistics for every numeric, measurement variable in dataset01. The "vardef=df" command calculates statistics for a data set that is a sample of the population (if your data set covers the entire population, then use "vardef=n" instead). Th ...
... The following command will calculate a zillion descriptive statistics for every numeric, measurement variable in dataset01. The "vardef=df" command calculates statistics for a data set that is a sample of the population (if your data set covers the entire population, then use "vardef=n" instead). Th ...
File
... a. Run a regression analysis to evaluate whether predictor is related to the outcome (c) b. Run regression analysis to evaluate whether predictor is related to mediator (a) c. Run regression analysis to evaluate whether mediator is related to outcome (b) when predictor is included in model d. Assess ...
... a. Run a regression analysis to evaluate whether predictor is related to the outcome (c) b. Run regression analysis to evaluate whether predictor is related to mediator (a) c. Run regression analysis to evaluate whether mediator is related to outcome (b) when predictor is included in model d. Assess ...
Methods in Education (2) Correlational Approaches
... independent variable.” Performing Pearson r between covariates and the dependent variable to see if r is at least 0.2. d. Covariates must exercise effects on “the dependent variables” but no effects on “the independent variable.” e. If you read reports like: “when controlling X variable. . .”, usual ...
... independent variable.” Performing Pearson r between covariates and the dependent variable to see if r is at least 0.2. d. Covariates must exercise effects on “the dependent variables” but no effects on “the independent variable.” e. If you read reports like: “when controlling X variable. . .”, usual ...
Ch 12: Analysis of Quantitative Data
... • specification pattern – one partial replicates the initial bivariate relationship but other partials do not. – Therefore the IV-DV relationship holds, but only for one value of the control variable ...
... • specification pattern – one partial replicates the initial bivariate relationship but other partials do not. – Therefore the IV-DV relationship holds, but only for one value of the control variable ...
Independent variable
... viewing the films, children in both groups were allowed to play by themselves in a room full of toys. These toys included those that they had seen the adult models play with. The children were observed at play for several minutes. Those children who had watched the violent films were much more likel ...
... viewing the films, children in both groups were allowed to play by themselves in a room full of toys. These toys included those that they had seen the adult models play with. The children were observed at play for several minutes. Those children who had watched the violent films were much more likel ...
Exam 1
... 3. When mean and standard deviation are appropriate measures of center and spread 4. When median and IQR are appropriate measures of center and spread 5. Characteristics of the standard deviation 6. Empirical Rule for approximately normal distributions 7. What correlation measures and what it doesn' ...
... 3. When mean and standard deviation are appropriate measures of center and spread 4. When median and IQR are appropriate measures of center and spread 5. Characteristics of the standard deviation 6. Empirical Rule for approximately normal distributions 7. What correlation measures and what it doesn' ...
MidTermPracticeQuestionsAll
... b. When the researcher had predicted the direction of the mean differences c. When the sample was not normal with respect to the underlying distribution d. None of the above 67. If I do a two-tailed test of my hypotheses and set the confidence level to .05, what area under the normal curve does my o ...
... b. When the researcher had predicted the direction of the mean differences c. When the sample was not normal with respect to the underlying distribution d. None of the above 67. If I do a two-tailed test of my hypotheses and set the confidence level to .05, what area under the normal curve does my o ...
PC 60 sample questions for exam 1 Spring 06
... 67. What are age effects, cohort effects, and time of measurement effects? 68. You have been asked to conduct an experiment on whether a pill affects memory development. Please describe your experiment by identifying the independent and dependent variable(s) you would select. Discuss how the variabl ...
... 67. What are age effects, cohort effects, and time of measurement effects? 68. You have been asked to conduct an experiment on whether a pill affects memory development. Please describe your experiment by identifying the independent and dependent variable(s) you would select. Discuss how the variabl ...
Mediation (statistics)
In statistics, a mediation model is one that seeks to identify and explicate the mechanism or process that underlies an observed relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable via the inclusion of a third explanatory variable, known as a mediator variable. Rather than hypothesizing a direct causal relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable, a mediational model hypothesizes that the independent variable influences the mediator variable, which in turn influences the dependent variable. Thus, the mediator variable serves to clarify the nature of the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. In other words, mediating relationships occur when a third variable plays an important role in governing the relationship between the other two variables.Researchers are now focusing their studies on better understanding known findings. Mediation analyses are employed to understand a known relationship by exploring the underlying mechanism or process by which one variable (X) influences another variable (Y) through a mediator (M). In other words, X leads to M leads to Y. For example, if gender is thought to be the cause of some characteristic, one assumes that other social or biological mechanisms associated with gender can explain how gender-associated differences arise. Such an intervening variable is called a mediator.