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Keysight Technologies Calibration of Time Base Oscillators
Keysight Technologies Calibration of Time Base Oscillators

... Time interval averaging increases the number of valid digits, but here again usually not to the extent that crystal accuracy is important. Short-term stability may become important when doing time-interval averaging on narrow pulses. The short-term stability specification is statistical in nature so ...
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... ‧We look at the frequency response that occurs when we change a discrete-time signal back into an analog signal with the use of a sample-and-hold circuit. Note that here we plot a frequency response for all frequencies (as opposed to only up to fs/2 ) since the output signal is continuous-time signa ...
Single-ended Channel Connections
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Time transfer through optical fibers over a distance of 73 km
Time transfer through optical fibers over a distance of 73 km

... often the term “time transfer” is used although a calibration of propagation delays is left undone so that the results demonstrate the precision and in some cases the reproducibility of the employed systems, but not necessarily the accuracy to compare epochs of the two (or more) clocks involved. In ...
Improving Receiver Intercept Point Using Selectivity
Improving Receiver Intercept Point Using Selectivity

... ability to receive a modulated input RF signal frequency on its assigned channel frequency in the presence of two interfering CW tones. These tones are separated from the assigned input signal frequency such that the nth-order mixing of the two undesired signals can occur in the nonlinear elements o ...


Project 4 - Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Project 4 - Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

ABSTRACT transmission line aspects of windings yields attenuation and
ABSTRACT transmission line aspects of windings yields attenuation and

... There are two very critical differences that distinguish online PD tests from off-line tests. In the on-line situation 1. most of the coils are not operating at full voltage. This greatly reduces the PD activity in most coils. 2. the stator winding PD is superimposed on the electrical interference t ...
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Tactile Sensor with Automatic Gain Control

... where τ = T − T1 . From Eq.(10), we can say that when making the feedback loop active with high frequency, ya (t) includes new sinusoidal signals whose frequencies are given by |fi + n/T | and |fi − n/T | where the lower script ”a” denotes an actual value. Since those new signals surely influence on ...
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Rubidium Frequency Standards
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... chemical sensors proposed here potentially superior to conventional devices in all aspects of the design criteria previously mentioned. The SAW velocity for AIN (6000 m/s) is higher, by about a factor of 2, than any other material that h as been used in the construction of SAW devices. In addition, ...
Swept Sine Chirps for Measuring Impulse Response
Swept Sine Chirps for Measuring Impulse Response

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Second Order Response
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... 4. Connect the output from your amplifier circuit to AI_CH0 of the DAQ terminal block. Make sure to reference a common ground. 5. Run the 2NDORDER program from the CVI folder on the desktop. 6. Set the sampling rate and number of samples to the appropriate value and give the aluminum bar a step inpu ...
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... from Section 4 describes the dominant real influences. Owing to the circuit for automatic amplitude stabilization, the signals generated have a low harmonic distortion. For amplitude of 3V and a frequency of 1 MHz, the THD measured was below 0.07 percent. ...
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... from Section 4 describes the dominant real influences. Owing to the circuit for automatic amplitude stabilization, the signals generated have a low harmonic distortion. For amplitude of 3V and a frequency of 1 MHz, the THD measured was below 0.07 percent. ...
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... player DP-500, which has won enthusiastic praise the world over. The DP-400 inherits the technical know-how of the DP-500 while employing the latest digital technology. It offers CD reproduction bound to satisfy even the most discerning audiophile for whom sound quality is paramount. By bringing out ...
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... OPTICAL WINDOW The optical window provides no shielding for the sensitive front end of the 7510-1 Receiver. All wiring must be routed behind the window face of the case, or oscillation can result. Additionally, system noise sources such as digital switching circuits, Pockels cell drivers, and switch ...
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... in oil or gas burners, you will find here below some remarks about the application of these devices, resulting from the research carried out by the Brahma Testing Laboratory. This Laboratory, in compliance with CISPR-16, is adequately equipped for the measuring of electromagnetic interference in boi ...
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... This lab gives the foundation on which most other courses in electrical engineering curriculum rest. Subject areas included are, AC circuit quantities, AC voltage and currents, Phase measurements, Phase Shifters, AC bridges, Capacitance Multiplier, Oscillators, Kirchhoff’s Laws, Power factor Measure ...
Doppler Effect 11.1 Quiz
Doppler Effect 11.1 Quiz

... No – a charge q moving at constant velocity has no forces acting on it, so will continue to travel at constant velocity. If it could generate waves, they would carry energy away from the charge and it would have to slow down in the absence of any force. Another way to see it – if the charge is at re ...
ECE 323L Basic Electronics Circuits Laboratory
ECE 323L Basic Electronics Circuits Laboratory

chapter_5_part1
chapter_5_part1

... • transition at start of bit period representing 0 • no transition at start of bit period representing 1 — this is a differential encoding scheme • used by IEEE 802.5 (token ring LANs using shielded twisted pair) ...
PS TFB Hardware: J. Belleman, A. Blas, T. Bohl, F. Caspers
PS TFB Hardware: J. Belleman, A. Blas, T. Bohl, F. Caspers

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Heterodyne



Heterodyning is a radio signal processing technique invented in 1901 by Canadian inventor-engineer Reginald Fessenden, in which new frequencies are created by combining or mixing two frequencies. Heterodyning is used to shift one frequency range into another, new one, and is also involved in the processes of modulation and demodulation. The two frequencies are combined in a nonlinear signal-processing device such as a vacuum tube, transistor, or diode, usually called a mixer. In the most common application, two signals at frequencies f1 and f2 are mixed, creating two new signals, one at the sum f1 + f2 of the two frequencies, and the other at the difference f1 − f2. These new frequencies are called heterodynes. Typically only one of the new frequencies is desired, and the other signal is filtered out of the output of the mixer. Heterodynes are related to the phenomenon of ""beats"" in acoustics.A major application of the heterodyne process is in the superheterodyne radio receiver circuit, which is used in virtually all modern radio receivers.
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