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continuous
continuous

7. Operations with external signal
7. Operations with external signal

XR33180/81/83/84
XR33180/81/83/84

... The XR3318x RS-485/RS-422 device is part of Exar’s high performance serial interface product line. The analog bus pins can survive direct shorts up to ±18V and are protected against ESD events up to ±15kV. Enhanced Failsafe Ordinary RS-485 differential receivers will be in an indeterminate state whe ...
The GEOSAT Follow-on (GFO) Altimeter
The GEOSAT Follow-on (GFO) Altimeter

... gallium arsenide (GaAs) field effect transistor (FET) devices. These devices can provide up to 24 dBm of output power at the 1 dB gain compression point. The FETs were characterized by measuring their scattering parameters and DC characteristics. A commercial microwave computer-aided design (CAD) p~ ...
Sonic Farm Berliner USER MANUAL
Sonic Farm Berliner USER MANUAL

SQ0204 SQ0214
SQ0204 SQ0214

... its nominal voltage and the bus bar voltage is below allowed UBB voltage noise level. The allowed UBB voltage noise level is set in factory in range from 10% to 40% of nominal voltage. WARNING: Detection of dead bus bar is done by a single-phase measurement. Additional check of the two other phases ...
CRO notes(8th Unit)
CRO notes(8th Unit)

10.7-MHz Fully Balanced, High-Q, Wide-Dynamic-Range Current-Tunable Gm-C Bandpass Filter Worawat Sa-Ngiamvibool
10.7-MHz Fully Balanced, High-Q, Wide-Dynamic-Range Current-Tunable Gm-C Bandpass Filter Worawat Sa-Ngiamvibool

... as the variables may vary rapidly and drastically resulting in the need for additional or complicated Qtunable circuits. In addition, sensitivities of neither the Q factor nor the center frequency at 10.7 MHz have been clearly reported, although sensitivities of the Q factor at other center frequenc ...
SGx524 Regulating Pulse-Width Modulators
SGx524 Regulating Pulse-Width Modulators

... to provide a reference within the common-mode range of the error amplifier as shown in Figure 11, or an external reference can be used. The output is sensed by a second resistor divider network and the error signal is amplified. This voltage is then compared to the linear voltage ramp at CT. The res ...
A 4 GHz 60 dB Variable Gain Amplifier With Tunable DC Offset
A 4 GHz 60 dB Variable Gain Amplifier With Tunable DC Offset

... and resistor arrays that are switched for tuning [6] and by using current mode programmable complex integrator [7]. However, these works have limitations such as the redundancy of the duplicated circuitry leading to large die area, added circuit complexity involving high order filters, additional po ...
Parallel Resonance - KFUPM Resources v3
Parallel Resonance - KFUPM Resources v3

10 2018 Picture This
10 2018 Picture This

... multiple function meter which may include capability to measure voltage, current and resistance. • T7D11 Any time you are checking a circuit with an ohmmeter, make sure the circuit is not powered! • T7D06 You’re likely to damage your multimeter by measuring voltage if you accidentally leave it in th ...
1 Introduction and Bioamplifier Requirements Full
1 Introduction and Bioamplifier Requirements Full

... Fig. 5. This consists of an amplifier having a voltage gain, AO. The amplifier will be taken as having a very high input resistance and a very low output resistance so that the effects of these can be neglected. In this structure the input signal is not applied directly to the input of the amplifier ...
MEMS inertial sensor: 2-axis - +/
MEMS inertial sensor: 2-axis - +/

... to the sensor, simulating a definite input acceleration. In this case the sensor outputs will exhibit a voltage change in their DC levels which is related to the selected full scale and depending on the Supply Voltage through the device sensitivity. When ST is activated, the device output level is g ...
250mA High Speed Buffer BUF634
250mA High Speed Buffer BUF634

... ✻ Specifications the same as Low Quiescent Mode. NOTES: (1) Tests are performed on high speed automatic test equipment, at approximately 25°C junction temperature. The power dissipation of this product will cause some parameters to shift when warmed up. See typical performance curves for over-temper ...
Optical parametric oscillator frequency tuning
Optical parametric oscillator frequency tuning

... It then becomes advantageous for the oscillation frequencies to hop to the adjacent modes, to one higher in frequency and the other lower. This type of discontinuous frequency change is referred to as a mode hop. Other factors such as phase matching also affect the selection of the oscillation frequ ...
A Low-Power Battery-Free Tag for Body Sensor Networks
A Low-Power Battery-Free Tag for Body Sensor Networks

... users program the PLA, the channel selection logic, the 16-bit chip identification code, and channel parameters. transfer function is band-pass with a low cut-in frequency (typically less than 1 Hz). It uses a nominal bias current of 10 nA and C 0 = 0.5 pF, resulting in a bandwidth that decreases fr ...
Sat Buddy 2 Instruction Sheet
Sat Buddy 2 Instruction Sheet

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... It has been found in our laboratory that deeply subliminal atmospheric acoustic pulses with frequency near 1/2 Hz can evoke in a human subject a nervous system response that includes ptosis of the eyelids, relaxation, drowsiness, the feeling of pressure at a centered spot on the brow, seeing moving ...
Agilent Investigating Microvia Technology for 10 Gbps
Agilent Investigating Microvia Technology for 10 Gbps

... running Physical Layer Test System software. Both instruments are simultaneously on the GPIB bus and are used to validate measurements between each other. See Figure 12 for set up picture. ...
Low-Power Sequential Access Memory Design
Low-Power Sequential Access Memory Design

CT-326-C - Test Equipment Depot
CT-326-C - Test Equipment Depot

High Gain Amplifier with Enhanced Cascoded
High Gain Amplifier with Enhanced Cascoded

CANTILEVERS WITH PIEZOELECTRIC THIN FILMS FOR WEAKLY VIBRATING ENVIRONMENT
CANTILEVERS WITH PIEZOELECTRIC THIN FILMS FOR WEAKLY VIBRATING ENVIRONMENT

... With the recent surge of micro scale devices, piezoelectric power generation can provide an alternative to traditional power for low consumption devices. Numerous studies have shown the potential of micro devices based on piezoelectric materials to transform kinetic energy, like vibration, into elec ...
Technical Basics - 2
Technical Basics - 2

... • Components that store energy in electric or magnetic fields have a finite reaction time before they reach a steady state or the stored energy may oppose the change being applied – Most prominent in Capacitors and Inductors/Transformers • This behaviour is different from simple Resistance • If the ...
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Heterodyne



Heterodyning is a radio signal processing technique invented in 1901 by Canadian inventor-engineer Reginald Fessenden, in which new frequencies are created by combining or mixing two frequencies. Heterodyning is used to shift one frequency range into another, new one, and is also involved in the processes of modulation and demodulation. The two frequencies are combined in a nonlinear signal-processing device such as a vacuum tube, transistor, or diode, usually called a mixer. In the most common application, two signals at frequencies f1 and f2 are mixed, creating two new signals, one at the sum f1 + f2 of the two frequencies, and the other at the difference f1 − f2. These new frequencies are called heterodynes. Typically only one of the new frequencies is desired, and the other signal is filtered out of the output of the mixer. Heterodynes are related to the phenomenon of ""beats"" in acoustics.A major application of the heterodyne process is in the superheterodyne radio receiver circuit, which is used in virtually all modern radio receivers.
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