... it helps the network cope with node dynamics (mobility, failures), consider the scenario shown in Figure 3. Packets traveling between U and V are forwarded within the clouded fragment of the network. Suppose that the arrows represent neighborhoods. In a steady state, the path A–B–C (of length 2) is ...
Figure 9.1: Communication at the data
... transmission medium such as cable or air, we need to remember that the data-link layer controls how the medium is used. We can have a data-link layer that uses the whole capacity of the medium; we can also have a data-link layer that uses only part of the capacity of the link. In other words, we can ...
... transmission medium such as cable or air, we need to remember that the data-link layer controls how the medium is used. We can have a data-link layer that uses the whole capacity of the medium; we can also have a data-link layer that uses only part of the capacity of the link. In other words, we can ...
ch02
... The layers in the TCP/IP protocol suite do not exactly match those in the OSI model. The original TCP/IP protocol suite was defined as having four layers: host-tonetwork, internet, transport, and application. However, when TCP/IP is compared to OSI, we can say that the TCP/IP protocol suite is made ...
... The layers in the TCP/IP protocol suite do not exactly match those in the OSI model. The original TCP/IP protocol suite was defined as having four layers: host-tonetwork, internet, transport, and application. However, when TCP/IP is compared to OSI, we can say that the TCP/IP protocol suite is made ...
Network Layer - SI-35-02
... of traffic grows. • One solution might be to increase the bandwidth, much the same as increasing the speed limits of, or adding lanes to, the highways. • Another solution might be to use devices that segment the network and control the flow of traffic, the same way a highway would use devices such a ...
... of traffic grows. • One solution might be to increase the bandwidth, much the same as increasing the speed limits of, or adding lanes to, the highways. • Another solution might be to use devices that segment the network and control the flow of traffic, the same way a highway would use devices such a ...
LoRaWAN - LoRa Alliance
... application layer of security ensures the network operator does not have access to the end user’s application data. AES encryption is used with the key exchange utilizing an IEEE EUI64 identifier. There are trade-offs in every technology choice but the LoRaWAN™ features in network architecture, devi ...
... application layer of security ensures the network operator does not have access to the end user’s application data. AES encryption is used with the key exchange utilizing an IEEE EUI64 identifier. There are trade-offs in every technology choice but the LoRaWAN™ features in network architecture, devi ...
prosafel3switch_trai..
... • Collisions eliminated from the days of shared access hubs » 10M, 10/100M, 10/100/1000M and now 10G speeds ...
... • Collisions eliminated from the days of shared access hubs » 10M, 10/100M, 10/100/1000M and now 10G speeds ...
Lecture 17
... For example, supple that station A and D are in the research department… …and B and C in accounting You would want A and D to be in the research VLAN while B and C should be in the accounting ...
... For example, supple that station A and D are in the research department… …and B and C in accounting You would want A and D to be in the research VLAN while B and C should be in the accounting ...
Internet Routing Technology Primer & On the edge in 2 hrs
... Requirements for the Next Generation Internet forwarding • Characteristics for QoS support – Low latency: Low forwarding overhead, regardless of route table size (may vary from 1 to thousands). – Low jitter: Consistent forwarding overhead, regardless of route table size (may vary from 1 to thousand ...
... Requirements for the Next Generation Internet forwarding • Characteristics for QoS support – Low latency: Low forwarding overhead, regardless of route table size (may vary from 1 to thousands). – Low jitter: Consistent forwarding overhead, regardless of route table size (may vary from 1 to thousand ...
4. TCP/IP - Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology
... User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is the connectionless transport protocol It exchanges datagrams, without acknowledgments or guaranteed delivery. UDP is designed for applications that do not need to put sequences of segments together The protocols that use UDP include: TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protoc ...
... User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is the connectionless transport protocol It exchanges datagrams, without acknowledgments or guaranteed delivery. UDP is designed for applications that do not need to put sequences of segments together The protocols that use UDP include: TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protoc ...
CMPT 880: Internet Architectures and Protocols
... routers typically have multiple interfaces host typically has one interface Unique IP addresses associated with each interface ...
... routers typically have multiple interfaces host typically has one interface Unique IP addresses associated with each interface ...
pptx - Caltech
... hierarchical (AS), forwarding, shortest path routing, software defined networking ...
... hierarchical (AS), forwarding, shortest path routing, software defined networking ...
chapter5d
... PLCP: Physical Layer Convergence Protocol One sublayer of the physical layer A common interface to higher-level drivers Provides carrier sense 144-bit preamble, 48-bit header ...
... PLCP: Physical Layer Convergence Protocol One sublayer of the physical layer A common interface to higher-level drivers Provides carrier sense 144-bit preamble, 48-bit header ...
CMPT 880: Internet Architectures and Protocols
... connection setup, teardown for each call before data can flow each packet carries VC identifier (not destination address) every router on source-dest path maintains state for each passing connection ...
... connection setup, teardown for each call before data can flow each packet carries VC identifier (not destination address) every router on source-dest path maintains state for each passing connection ...
Network Layer (Part IV) - SI-35-02
... • RARP uses the same packet format as ARP. But in a RARP request, the MAC headers, IP headers, and "operation code" are different from an ARP request. • The RARP packet format contains places for MAC addresses of both destination and source. • The source IP address field is empty. The broadcast goes ...
... • RARP uses the same packet format as ARP. But in a RARP request, the MAC headers, IP headers, and "operation code" are different from an ARP request. • The RARP packet format contains places for MAC addresses of both destination and source. • The source IP address field is empty. The broadcast goes ...
Lecture3_Networking_..
... ACK – used to acknowledge earlier packets PSH – used to flush data through the TCP layer RST – reset function , due to error or interruption ...
... ACK – used to acknowledge earlier packets PSH – used to flush data through the TCP layer RST – reset function , due to error or interruption ...
055931_PPTx_CH14
... • Traffic filtering – does the crypto interfere? • Automatic encryption – must we rely on the end user to enable crypto for sensitive data? • Access to Internet sites – full, automatic encryption makes Internet access impossible • End-to-end crypto – do we need to associate crypto operations with en ...
... • Traffic filtering – does the crypto interfere? • Automatic encryption – must we rely on the end user to enable crypto for sensitive data? • Access to Internet sites – full, automatic encryption makes Internet access impossible • End-to-end crypto – do we need to associate crypto operations with en ...
Networking Basics Introducing Basic Network Concepts *In the
... Routing: Accessing Hosts Outside the Network • Within a network or a subnetwork, hosts communicate with each other without the need for any Network layer intermediary device. • When a host needs to communicate with another network, an intermediary device, or router, acts as a gateway to the other n ...
... Routing: Accessing Hosts Outside the Network • Within a network or a subnetwork, hosts communicate with each other without the need for any Network layer intermediary device. • When a host needs to communicate with another network, an intermediary device, or router, acts as a gateway to the other n ...
Wireless LAN Management
... wireless network frequencies (e.g., 2.4 GHz) shared by other devices (e.g., phone); devices (motors) interfere as well – multipath propagation: radio signal reflects off objects ground, arriving ad destination at slightly different times Transmission over wireless link induces loss and ...
... wireless network frequencies (e.g., 2.4 GHz) shared by other devices (e.g., phone); devices (motors) interfere as well – multipath propagation: radio signal reflects off objects ground, arriving ad destination at slightly different times Transmission over wireless link induces loss and ...
Layer
... • The example protocol provides reliable file transfer service • Peer entities use a protocol to provide a service to a higher-level peer entity • for example, postal workers use a protocol to present customers with the abstraction of an unreliable letter transfer service ...
... • The example protocol provides reliable file transfer service • Peer entities use a protocol to provide a service to a higher-level peer entity • for example, postal workers use a protocol to present customers with the abstraction of an unreliable letter transfer service ...
Chapter4_1
... Router Architecture Overview Two key router functions: run routing algorithms/protocol (RIP, OSPF, BGP) forwarding datagrams from incoming to outgoing link ...
... Router Architecture Overview Two key router functions: run routing algorithms/protocol (RIP, OSPF, BGP) forwarding datagrams from incoming to outgoing link ...
copyrighted material - Beck-Shop
... (Physical) and Layer 2 (Data Link). However, to some degree Layer 3 (Network) plays a role as well, generally for the TCP/IP protocol capabilities. Here’s how each layer is used: Layer 1 (PHY, the Physical layer) consists of bit-level data streams and computer network hardware connecting the devices ...
... (Physical) and Layer 2 (Data Link). However, to some degree Layer 3 (Network) plays a role as well, generally for the TCP/IP protocol capabilities. Here’s how each layer is used: Layer 1 (PHY, the Physical layer) consists of bit-level data streams and computer network hardware connecting the devices ...