TIME-REVERSAL INVARIANT TOPOLOGICAL INSULATORS A
... lattice Dirac model as a function of the mass parameter m. (lower)Two schematic ˆ unit vector field for the lattice Dirac model. The left configuration plots of the d(p) has Hall conductance zero and no skyrmion charge. The right configuration has Hall conductance −e2 /h and a skyrmion charge of −1. ...
... lattice Dirac model as a function of the mass parameter m. (lower)Two schematic ˆ unit vector field for the lattice Dirac model. The left configuration plots of the d(p) has Hall conductance zero and no skyrmion charge. The right configuration has Hall conductance −e2 /h and a skyrmion charge of −1. ...
87, 063618 (2013)
... phases with zero, one, two, and four nodal points as TS0 , TS1 , TS2 , and TS4 , respectively. For a 2D Fermi gas as in Fig. 1(a), a topologically nontrivial superfluidphase with one node, TS1 , occurs only along the = c = μ2 + 2 line. Even though below and above = c , the superfluid gap rem ...
... phases with zero, one, two, and four nodal points as TS0 , TS1 , TS2 , and TS4 , respectively. For a 2D Fermi gas as in Fig. 1(a), a topologically nontrivial superfluidphase with one node, TS1 , occurs only along the = c = μ2 + 2 line. Even though below and above = c , the superfluid gap rem ...
the periodic table of elementary particles
... conversion of B5 (π1/2) into the gluon field with three colors. The number of colors (three) in the gluon field is equal to the ratio between the lepton hypercharge and quark hypercharge. There are three π1/2 in the gluon field, and at any time, only one of the three colors appears in a quark. Quark ...
... conversion of B5 (π1/2) into the gluon field with three colors. The number of colors (three) in the gluon field is equal to the ratio between the lepton hypercharge and quark hypercharge. There are three π1/2 in the gluon field, and at any time, only one of the three colors appears in a quark. Quark ...
Document
... 1. They come out UV finite due to the large momentum behavior of Σ(p2 ) (see further). 2. They manifest spontaneous breakdown of SU(2)L x U(1)Y symmetry down to U(1)em in the scalar sector. 3. They will be responsible for the UV finiteness of both the fermion and the intermediate vector boson masses ...
... 1. They come out UV finite due to the large momentum behavior of Σ(p2 ) (see further). 2. They manifest spontaneous breakdown of SU(2)L x U(1)Y symmetry down to U(1)em in the scalar sector. 3. They will be responsible for the UV finiteness of both the fermion and the intermediate vector boson masses ...
Non-topological soliton
In quantum field theory, a non-topological soliton (NTS) is a field configuration possessing, contrary to a topological one, a conserved Noether charge and stable against transformation into usual particles of this field for the following reason. For fixed charge Q, the mass sum of Q free particles exceeds the energy (mass) of the NTS so that the latter is energetically favorable to exist.The interior region of an NTS is occupied by vacuum different from surrounding one. Thus a surface of the NTS represents a domain wall, which also appears as a topological defect in field theories with broken discrete symmetry. If infinite, the domain walls cause contradiction with cosmology. But the surface of an NTS is a closed finite wall so, if it exists in the Universe, it does not cause those contradictions. Another point is that if the topological domain wall is closed, it shrinks because of wall tension. As for the NTS surface,it does not shrink since the decreasing of the NTS volume would increase its energy.