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What is migraine aura?
What is migraine aura?

... and it usually consists of distorted vision and flashing lights. Is this unusual? For most people the aura comes before the headache. But for some people, like yourself, the headache can start before the aura. I get the “flashing lights” for 15 - 20 minutes prior to the pain and usually take Imigran ...
Blood-Spinal Cord Barrier Alterations in Subacute and Chronic
Blood-Spinal Cord Barrier Alterations in Subacute and Chronic

... Milwaukee, WI) and 0.1% Cresyl violet (Sigma-Aldrich) technique using a standard protocol. To determine motor neuron numbers in the gray ventral horn of the cervical spinal cords on both sides, the optical fractionator method of unbiased stereological cell counting techniques (44, 45) was used with ...
Vertebral Artery Dissection Presented as Lateral Medullary
Vertebral Artery Dissection Presented as Lateral Medullary

... AbstractPurpose: Migraine and artery dissection are both rare causes of ischemic stroke1. The mechanism of migraine-related intracranial artery dissection is still unknown. It is proposed that the repeated attack of migraine would make the involved artery more vulnerable to tearing and lead to disse ...
headache
headache

... manifestation of an underlying disease process – often due to diseases that require both urgent & prolonged care ...
Nervous System Module - Year 2 Semester 1 Number of Credit – 8
Nervous System Module - Year 2 Semester 1 Number of Credit – 8

... 2. Identify the different regions of the vertebral column and relate them to the regions of the spinal cord 3. Describe the structure and the function of the intervertebral disc 4. Identify the skull bones and the mandible including the structures passing through the foramina 5. Identify important a ...
Approach to Floppy Infant
Approach to Floppy Infant

... to mothers with the disease. It is characterized by marked hypotonia, pooling of oral secretions, poor feeding, feeble cry and generalized muscle weakness appearing within 2-3 days after the birth. Baby is alert. Facial weakness manifests by mark-like facies, open mouth and staring look. External op ...
Migraine associated dizziness
Migraine associated dizziness

... Amerge, imitrex, maxalt and zomig. Although some of these medications are available from your chemist, always seek your GP’s advice before trying them. ...
Experimental spinal cord transplantation as a mechanism of
Experimental spinal cord transplantation as a mechanism of

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Spinal cord and simple reflex arc
Spinal cord and simple reflex arc

... – Central canal, continuous caudally with 4th ventricle (see Fig 3-9 in book) Note on illustration: – Spinal nerves emerge laterally from each spinal cord segment, pass through meninges, then exit spinal column between vertebrae – Many spinal nerves descend in subarachnoid space before exit from spi ...
Migraines suck
Migraines suck

... Tension –type headaches can be episodic or chronic.  Episodic tension-type headaches occur 15 days a month.  Chronic tension-type headaches 15 days or more a month for at least 6 months.  Can last from minutes to days, months or even years, though a typical tension headache lasts 4-6 hs ...
Memmler`s The Human Body in Health and
Memmler`s The Human Body in Health and

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Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves
Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

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Spinal Nerves and Nerve Plexus
Spinal Nerves and Nerve Plexus

... Motor info. travels from the brain down the spinal cord to muscles and glands via the; • Pyramidal tracts • Extrapyramidal tracts ...
Spinal Kyphosis Causes Demyelination and Neuronal Loss in the
Spinal Kyphosis Causes Demyelination and Neuronal Loss in the

... irregularity of the spared myelin sheath.” “It is known that the spinal cord vascular system of birds resembles that of humans.” [Important] In the kyphotic group, “the small blood vessels in the compressed spinal cord showed a marked reduction in the network size, a decrease in number, interruption ...
Central Nervous System - Spinal Cord, Spinal
Central Nervous System - Spinal Cord, Spinal

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Golgi: a life in science - Oxford Academic
Golgi: a life in science - Oxford Academic

Gross Anatomy
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... • interneurons as well as the cell bodies of motor neurons. – These cell bodies project their axons via the ventral roots of the spinal cord to the skeletal ...
Exercise 15: Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves
Exercise 15: Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

... • interneurons as well as the cell bodies of motor neurons. – These cell bodies project their axons via the ventral roots of the spinal cord to the skeletal ...
Spinal Cord - HCC Learning Web
Spinal Cord - HCC Learning Web

... • Supplies nerves to skin and muscles of head, neck & shoulders • Also forms phrenic nerve that goes to the diaphragm – damage to spinal cord above C3 causes respiratory arrest ...
Spinal Cord
Spinal Cord

... spinal column with disruption of the C4-C5 ligamenta flava, interspinous ligaments, and posterior longitudinal ligament. There is fracture deformity of C5 vertebra consistent with a flexion teardrop fracture and fracture of C6. There is prevertebral soft tissue edema, and the cord has T2 hyperintens ...
spinal cord
spinal cord

... • Anterior horns contain some interneurons as well as the cell bodies of motor neurons. – These cell bodies project their axons via the ventral roots of the spinal cord to the skeletal muscles. – The amount of ventral gray matter at a given level of the spinal cord is proportional to the amount of s ...
Chapter 13
Chapter 13

... b. Among the clinically important reflexes are the Patellar reflex, Achilles reflex, Babinski reflex, Abdominal reflex and Pupillar reflex. V. DISORDERS; HOMEOSTATIC IMBALANCES ...
14. Nervous System: Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves
14. Nervous System: Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

... cauda equina (“horse’s tail”) is the name for the collection of nerves in the vertebral column that continue to travel through the vertebral column below the conus medullaris. The cauda equina forms as a result of the fact that the spinal cord stops growing in length at about age four, even though t ...
Human Anatomy, First Edition McKinley&O'Loughlin
Human Anatomy, First Edition McKinley&O'Loughlin

... The spinal cord is associated with 31 pairs of spinal nerves that connect the CNS to muscles, receptors, and glands. Each side of the spinal cord contains 8 cervical nerves (called C1–C8), 12 thoracic nerves (T1–T12), 5 lumbar nerves (L1–L5), 5 sacral nerves (S1–S5), and 1 coccygeal nerve (Co). ...
Migraine-slides
Migraine-slides

... – Severe sx treatment limited due to concomitant GI sx’s. ...
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Edward Flatau



Edward Flatau (born December 27, 1868 in Płock - June 7, 1932 in Warsaw) was a Polish neurologist and psychiatrist. He was a co-founder of the modern Polish neurology, an authority on the physiology and pathology of meningitis. Co-founder of medical journals Neurologia Polska and Warszawskie Czasopismo Lekarskie, member of Polish Academy of Learning. His name in medicine is linked to Redlich-Flatau syndrome, Flatau-Sterling torsion dystonia (type 1), Flatau-Schidler disease and Flatau's law. His publications greatly influenced the developing field of neurology. He published a human brain atlas (1894), wrote a fundamental book on migraine (1912), established the localization principle of long fibers in the spinal cord (1893), and with Sterling published an early paper (1911) on progressive torsion spasm in children and suggested that the disease has a genetic component.
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