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Photon Frequency Shift Caused by Gravity and Its Electromagnetic
Photon Frequency Shift Caused by Gravity and Its Electromagnetic

... where ϛ is a constant. δ Etransfered ( r ) is positive when S1 ( r ) and S2 propagate in opposite directions and negative when they propagate in the same direction. According to the present theoretical model the system is linear and hence, it applies to the superposition principle [10]. When the lig ...
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... Although the neutron has a distinct anti-particle, this is not true for all neutral particles. Some neutrally charged particles can be their own anti-particle. For example, bosons such as the photon (spin-1) and the graviton (spin-2). These particles are created by fields that are their own complex ...
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... summarised below (see also Refs 7,8). Natta and co-workers prepared polyacetylene in 1958 by polymerising acetylene in hexane using Et3Al/Ti(OPr)4 (Et= ethyl, Pr=propyl) as a catalyst. Though the resulting material was highly crystalline and of regular structure, it was a black, air-sensitive, infus ...


... In the 1960’s, high energy experiments indicated that the nucleons are composite particles. The Subparticles were proposed under the names Partons, Quarks, Aces,… to guarantee the exclusive rights of the proposer. The theory created to establish the existence of Subneutrons uses mathematical symbols ...
Novel Periodic Solid State Devices for Terahertz Emission
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... potential to provide tunable terahertz radiation at room temperature T = 20 K, VBG = -850 mV –InSb or Si composite bolometer to detect emission (left) ...
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Electron scattering



Electron scattering occurs when electrons are deviated from their original trajectory. This is due to the electrostatic forces within matter interaction or, if an external magnetic field is present, the electron may be deflected by the Lorentz force. This scattering typically happens with solids such as metals, semiconductors and insulators; and is a limiting factor in integrated circuits and transistors.The application of electron scattering is such that it can be used as a high resolution microscope for hadronic systems, that allows the measurement of the distribution of charges for nucleons and nuclear structure. The scattering of electrons has allowed us to understand that protons and neutrons are made up of the smaller elementary subatomic particles called quarks.Electrons may be scattered through a solid in several ways:Not at all: no electron scattering occurs at all and the beam passes straight through.Single scattering: when an electron is scattered just once.Plural scattering: when electron(s) scatter several times.Multiple scattering: when electron(s) scatter very many times over.The likelihood of an electron scattering and the proliferance of the scattering is a probability function of the specimen thickness to the mean free path.
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