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Lesson Plan Part 3
Lesson Plan Part 3

... twenty-three, he was offered a place on board the HMS Beagle, as a naturalist, to explore wildlife in South America. From 1831-1836 he made an extensive study of nature collecting specimens of rocks, fossils and wildlife, especially from the Galapagos Islands, which he sent back to England. When he ...
Misconceptions - Brookings School District
Misconceptions - Brookings School District

... Species evolve over time. Evolution is the consequence of the interactions of: (1) the potential for a species to increase its numbers, (2) the genetic variability of offspring due to mutation and recombination of genes, (3) a finite supply of the resources required for life, and (4) the ensuing sel ...
Chapter 7
Chapter 7

... of each trait. Do you think the advantages are greater than the disadvantages? Why or why not? Record your responses in your science journal. ...
Ecology3e Ch06 Lecture KEY
Ecology3e Ch06 Lecture KEY

... 2 and 3 can have dire consequences. Loss of genetic variation reduces the ability of the population to respond to changing environmental conditions. Increase of harmful alleles can reduce survival and reproduction. These effects are important for species that are near extinction. ...
Chapter 7
Chapter 7

... of each trait. Do you think the advantages are greater than the disadvantages? Why or why not? Record your responses in your science journal. ...
Final PP Presentation
Final PP Presentation

... Previous research hasn’t paid much attention to variation in traits because they believed, due to natural selection, important traits would not have much variation. Tooby and Cosmides (1992), Buss (1991), and Buss and Greiling (1999) suggest, however, that there may be some heritable variations that ...
Darwin`s Finches
Darwin`s Finches

... particularly interesting-that is, not until the saga of their evolution is revealed. The finches are all 10 to 20 cm long, and both sexes are drab-colored browns and grays. The finches are split between ground species, each feeding on different, seeds or cactus, while the rest are tree finches. In e ...
Models of Evolutionary Dynamics
Models of Evolutionary Dynamics

... two bifurcation curves and thus acts as the ...
Organic Evolution
Organic Evolution

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1 Natural Selection Misconceptions Diagnostic 1) A volcano erupted
1 Natural Selection Misconceptions Diagnostic 1) A volcano erupted

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[Title] Evolution Diagnostic Pre-Test
[Title] Evolution Diagnostic Pre-Test

... a) Some bacteria had traits that allowed them to survive the initial antimicrobial application. They produced offspring also carrying those traits. b) After the application of antimicrobial spray, the bacteria needed to adapt by developing antimicrobial spray-resistant traits. c) The antimicrobial c ...
Wizard Test Maker
Wizard Test Maker

... (3) A mutation was retained and passed on to succeeding generations because it had high survival value. (4) The principal forces influencing the pattern of survival in a population are isolation and mating. 6. In certain areas, some insect species are becoming resistant to chemical insecticides. The ...
Park, chapter 4 (Processes of Evolution)
Park, chapter 4 (Processes of Evolution)

... produce a phenotypic result that is abnormal and therefore, to one degree or another, maladaptive. In other words, natural selection will select against those genes because their carriers won’t be as reproductively successful. But mutations may also produce alleles that are neutral, making no differ ...
Dov Ospovat. The development of Darwin`s theory
Dov Ospovat. The development of Darwin`s theory

... mechanism of species formation, and how classification is accounted for. The Origin embodied the principle of divergence of character that Darwin had worked out in the period from September 1854 to September 1856. This principle, which he called “a keystone of my work,” was succinctly outlined in hi ...
Misconceptions About Evolution
Misconceptions About Evolution

... – The pattern of lineagesplitting through time – The mechanisms that caused these changes ...
Natural Selection and Adaptations - pams
Natural Selection and Adaptations - pams

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File

... later write this about the finches, "Seeing this gradation and diversity of structure in one small, intimately related group of birds, one might really fancy that from an original paucity of birds in this archipelago, one species had been taken and modified for different ends” (Charles Darwin ...
ORGANIZATIONAL_EVOLUTION
ORGANIZATIONAL_EVOLUTION

... Species Adapt to Fit Niches Speciation: new populations of reproducing organisms capture scarce niche resources (“struggle for existence” within & between species) Ecological Niche: environmental habit where a species lives and its functions within that biotic community (e.g., predator, prey) Niche ...
Why do individuals 4 and 5 have G rather than B
Why do individuals 4 and 5 have G rather than B

... trait in question. For example, selection for larger weight in a species of Darwin finches resulted in birds of the post-selection generation being heavier, on average, than birds of the preselection cohort (Grant and Grant, 1995, and references therein). Similarly, members of a guppy species mature ...
Lamarck Ascending! - Harvard DASH
Lamarck Ascending! - Harvard DASH

... One of the strengths of ToL is the historical survey it provides of Lamarckian ideas and their impact. Gliboff (#5) identifies the period from Haeckel’s Generelle Morphologie in 1866 to Kammerer’s suicide in 1926 as the Golden Age of Lamarckism. A diversity of neo-Lamarckian positions were held duri ...
Student Exploration Sheet: Growing Plants
Student Exploration Sheet: Growing Plants

... 1. Imagine a white lizard and a brown lizard sitting on a brown rock. A hawk is circling overhead hunting for its next meal. Which lizard do you think the hawk would most likely try to catch? Explain your choice. _________________________________________________________________________ _____________ ...
Evolution and Mutation Selection Gizmo
Evolution and Mutation Selection Gizmo

... 1. Imagine a white lizard and a brown lizard sitting on a brown rock. A hawk is circling overhead hunting for its next meal. Which lizard do you think the hawk would most likely try to catch? Explain your choice. _________________________________________________________________________ _____________ ...
LEH Evolution.tst
LEH Evolution.tst

... A) Yes, the wheat probably evolved better cold tolerance over time through inheritance of acquired characteristics. B) Yes, because this is generally the method used by plant breeders to develop new crops. C) No, because there was no process of selection based on inherited traits. Lysenko assumed th ...
Natural Selection: Descent with Modification
Natural Selection: Descent with Modification

... from each other if complex fitness-enhancing organs like eyes are to be built over time. On this view, natural selection is an important element of the explanation for the emergence of complex adaptations, but it is not the full explanation for how these structures come to be. To summarise the resul ...
AP Biology Summer Assignment - Garnet Valley School District
AP Biology Summer Assignment - Garnet Valley School District

... Chapter 22 – Descent with Modification You must read the entire chapter. As you are reading, you should define the following terms or concepts, describe them, explain the significance of each and give examples when at all possible. Natural Selection Adaptation Evolution The Origin of Species Taxono ...
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Natural selection



Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype; it is a key mechanism of evolution. The term ""natural selection"" was popularised by Charles Darwin, who intended it to be compared with artificial selection, now more commonly referred to as selective breeding.Variation exists within all populations of organisms. This occurs partly because random mutations arise in the genome of an individual organism, and these mutations can be passed to offspring. Throughout the individuals’ lives, their genomes interact with their environments to cause variations in traits. (The environment of a genome includes the molecular biology in the cell, other cells, other individuals, populations, species, as well as the abiotic environment.) Individuals with certain variants of the trait may survive and reproduce more than individuals with other, less successful, variants. Therefore, the population evolves. Factors that affect reproductive success are also important, an issue that Darwin developed in his ideas on sexual selection, which was redefined as being included in natural selection in the 1930s when biologists considered it not to be very important, and fecundity selection, for example.Natural selection acts on the phenotype, or the observable characteristics of an organism, but the genetic (heritable) basis of any phenotype that gives a reproductive advantage may become more common in a population (see allele frequency). Over time, this process can result in populations that specialise for particular ecological niches (microevolution) and may eventually result in the emergence of new species (macroevolution). In other words, natural selection is an important process (though not the only process) by which evolution takes place within a population of organisms. Natural selection can be contrasted with artificial selection, in which humans intentionally choose specific traits (although they may not always get what they want). In natural selection there is no intentional choice. In other words, artificial selection is teleological and natural selection is not teleological.Natural selection is one of the cornerstones of modern biology. The concept was published by Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in a joint presentation of papers in 1858, and set out in Darwin's influential 1859 book On the Origin of Species, in which natural selection was described as analogous to artificial selection, a process by which animals and plants with traits considered desirable by human breeders are systematically favoured for reproduction. The concept of natural selection was originally developed in the absence of a valid theory of heredity; at the time of Darwin's writing, nothing was known of modern genetics. The union of traditional Darwinian evolution with subsequent discoveries in classical and molecular genetics is termed the modern evolutionary synthesis. Natural selection remains the primary explanation for adaptive evolution.
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