More on how and why: cause and effect in biology revisited
... standing as one of the world’s leading evolutionary biologists and architect of the modern Synthetic theory of evolution, Mayr’s article had a massive influence in shaping how most biologists understand causality. In this article, Mayr distinguished ‘proximate’ from ‘ultimate’ causes. Proximate caus ...
... standing as one of the world’s leading evolutionary biologists and architect of the modern Synthetic theory of evolution, Mayr’s article had a massive influence in shaping how most biologists understand causality. In this article, Mayr distinguished ‘proximate’ from ‘ultimate’ causes. Proximate caus ...
Social Provision and Regulation
... various state systems of social provision or by the closely-related, government-funded university research projects, which might be best understood as varieties of state discourse.3 Second, there is scholarship — including by historical sociologists — that aims to understand the relations among capi ...
... various state systems of social provision or by the closely-related, government-funded university research projects, which might be best understood as varieties of state discourse.3 Second, there is scholarship — including by historical sociologists — that aims to understand the relations among capi ...
A Theory of Collective Identity. Making Sense of the Debate on
... identity emerges by linking past social relations with those in the present. In some case even future social relations are included; in this case identity is linked to ideas of salvation or fate that include future social relations in our present existence. All these “constructions” emerge within a ...
... identity emerges by linking past social relations with those in the present. In some case even future social relations are included; in this case identity is linked to ideas of salvation or fate that include future social relations in our present existence. All these “constructions” emerge within a ...
evolution of increased resistance in hosts Experimental
... our inferences are based on comparisons between populations for a given collection year rather than between years. Each fish was isolated in a 1.8 l tank one week prior to being infected and was fed 10 ml d21 of fish food paste (Tetramin Tropical Flakes) until the end of the experiment. On the day o ...
... our inferences are based on comparisons between populations for a given collection year rather than between years. Each fish was isolated in a 1.8 l tank one week prior to being infected and was fed 10 ml d21 of fish food paste (Tetramin Tropical Flakes) until the end of the experiment. On the day o ...
Discourse and Wolves: Science, Society, and Ethics
... latrans) of North America or the Golden jackal (Canis aureus) of Africa and Eurasia. Nevertheless, new information continues to alter our assessment of the evolution of the dog family and its subsequent speciation. For example, there is some evidence of a newly discovered species in eastern Canada, ...
... latrans) of North America or the Golden jackal (Canis aureus) of Africa and Eurasia. Nevertheless, new information continues to alter our assessment of the evolution of the dog family and its subsequent speciation. For example, there is some evidence of a newly discovered species in eastern Canada, ...
A Reconstruction of the Ethos of Science
... Such criticism is widespread, but mistaken. Merton identified a real phenomenon. His work was not only historically important, but is also essential today. There are, however, also missing and untenable elements in his approach, distorting his analysis of scientific norms. Merton’s sociology of scie ...
... Such criticism is widespread, but mistaken. Merton identified a real phenomenon. His work was not only historically important, but is also essential today. There are, however, also missing and untenable elements in his approach, distorting his analysis of scientific norms. Merton’s sociology of scie ...
Darwin and Wagner: Evolution and Aesthetic Appreciation
... discussing the highly controversial legacies of both men’s works: the (mis)use of Wagner’s music and art views in the Nazi Germany political movements and the neo-Darwinian dispute on creationism and intelligent design. Rather, I expand the comparison of the two works to considerations of how teache ...
... discussing the highly controversial legacies of both men’s works: the (mis)use of Wagner’s music and art views in the Nazi Germany political movements and the neo-Darwinian dispute on creationism and intelligent design. Rather, I expand the comparison of the two works to considerations of how teache ...
Social Stratificationhot! - Professional Learning and Development
... how society is organised in layers; some people in a higher layer or strata than others. Unlike rocks, social stratification is made by people in society, for instance the class system in the UK is an example of social stratification. Social strata are groups of people who all belong to the same soc ...
... how society is organised in layers; some people in a higher layer or strata than others. Unlike rocks, social stratification is made by people in society, for instance the class system in the UK is an example of social stratification. Social strata are groups of people who all belong to the same soc ...
Behavioral and Other Human Ecologies: Critique, Response and
... a heterogeneous field like ecological anthropology. In the second part of this paper I try to identify some practices which I believe enhance or detract from the scientific value of critique. What makes criticism effective or ineffective—something quite apart from what makes it usually satisfying to ...
... a heterogeneous field like ecological anthropology. In the second part of this paper I try to identify some practices which I believe enhance or detract from the scientific value of critique. What makes criticism effective or ineffective—something quite apart from what makes it usually satisfying to ...
IDENTITY THEORY AND SOCIAL IDENTITY THEORY
... theory, the multiple identities are the different social categories to which the self belongs. For identity theory, they are the different roles that one occupies in the social structure. Thus another shared definition of the two theories is: D3: The self-concept is the set of all of a person’s iden ...
... theory, the multiple identities are the different social categories to which the self belongs. For identity theory, they are the different roles that one occupies in the social structure. Thus another shared definition of the two theories is: D3: The self-concept is the set of all of a person’s iden ...
Niches in evolutionary theories of technical change
... Some biologists have explicitly theorized the idea that some variations may be rather large, even while most variations are small. In their view, evolution is not only made up of small changes. While they agree that new species may emerge through the accumulation of many small changes, they see macr ...
... Some biologists have explicitly theorized the idea that some variations may be rather large, even while most variations are small. In their view, evolution is not only made up of small changes. While they agree that new species may emerge through the accumulation of many small changes, they see macr ...
Max Weber`s Theories
... emancipation. Weber does not believe in the "inevitability" of socialism. However, if it came to pass he thought that socialism would be even more bureaucratic and rationalised than capitalism--and thus even more alienating to man. Weber believed that the alienation documented by Marx had little to ...
... emancipation. Weber does not believe in the "inevitability" of socialism. However, if it came to pass he thought that socialism would be even more bureaucratic and rationalised than capitalism--and thus even more alienating to man. Weber believed that the alienation documented by Marx had little to ...
The morphogenesis of evolutionary developmental biology
... Evolutionary developmental biology has its origins in the evolutionary morphology of the late nineteenth century. In 1859, Darwin had written, «It is generally acknowledged that all organic beings have been formed on two great laws—Unity of Type and Conditions of Existence.» While natural selection ...
... Evolutionary developmental biology has its origins in the evolutionary morphology of the late nineteenth century. In 1859, Darwin had written, «It is generally acknowledged that all organic beings have been formed on two great laws—Unity of Type and Conditions of Existence.» While natural selection ...
The morphogenesis of evolutionary developmental biology
... Evolutionary developmental biology has its origins in the evolutionary morphology of the late nineteenth century. In 1859, Darwin had written, «It is generally acknowledged that all organic beings have been formed on two great laws—Unity of Type and Conditions of Existence.» While natural selection ...
... Evolutionary developmental biology has its origins in the evolutionary morphology of the late nineteenth century. In 1859, Darwin had written, «It is generally acknowledged that all organic beings have been formed on two great laws—Unity of Type and Conditions of Existence.» While natural selection ...
evolution
... Commercial harvesting takes the largest individuals—all females for this species. The genes for switching sex at a smaller size spread in the population, resulting in more females, but small females lay fewer eggs. ...
... Commercial harvesting takes the largest individuals—all females for this species. The genes for switching sex at a smaller size spread in the population, resulting in more females, but small females lay fewer eggs. ...
darwin - Columbia College
... Fitzroy), and he received the others in South America. They taught him to see present phenomena in terms of known forces acting over very long periods of time. Like Lyell, he looked first at geological phenomena; unlike Lyell, he applied the same perspective to living things. A Perspective on Darwin ...
... Fitzroy), and he received the others in South America. They taught him to see present phenomena in terms of known forces acting over very long periods of time. Like Lyell, he looked first at geological phenomena; unlike Lyell, he applied the same perspective to living things. A Perspective on Darwin ...
reports - WordPress.com
... Darwin describes “the doctrine of Malthus applied with manifold force to the whole animal and vegetable kingdoms.” Just as man struggles to survive, competing for resources, so do plants and animals. This struggle for existence leads to some individuals surviving and others not. Science writer Tim R ...
... Darwin describes “the doctrine of Malthus applied with manifold force to the whole animal and vegetable kingdoms.” Just as man struggles to survive, competing for resources, so do plants and animals. This struggle for existence leads to some individuals surviving and others not. Science writer Tim R ...
03 Clough 099643F - Home Cooked Theory
... European Journal of Social Theory 12(1) only dynamic of change, insisting on cultural mediation of what otherwise would be ‘dumb matter’ (Massumi, 2002: 1). Massumi suggests that this dogged focus on culture led to a failure to conceive of the movement, the potentiality or the becoming of matter, in ...
... European Journal of Social Theory 12(1) only dynamic of change, insisting on cultural mediation of what otherwise would be ‘dumb matter’ (Massumi, 2002: 1). Massumi suggests that this dogged focus on culture led to a failure to conceive of the movement, the potentiality or the becoming of matter, in ...
Defining and Theorizing the Third Sector
... does not allow the generation of wealth for redistribution to those who run the organization, thus excluding cooperatives or “the people’s economy” (see below). The fourth refers to independence, again implicitly from state or market actors. The final stipulation of voluntary participation reflects ...
... does not allow the generation of wealth for redistribution to those who run the organization, thus excluding cooperatives or “the people’s economy” (see below). The fourth refers to independence, again implicitly from state or market actors. The final stipulation of voluntary participation reflects ...