Darwinism and Meaning
... things like romantic love, parental care, and love for family (connected obviously with sex and gene transmission), or striving for and attaining an edge over a rival (promoting success in competition for limited resources, including mates)—again because, one can reasonably surmise that these kinds ...
... things like romantic love, parental care, and love for family (connected obviously with sex and gene transmission), or striving for and attaining an edge over a rival (promoting success in competition for limited resources, including mates)—again because, one can reasonably surmise that these kinds ...
Force–velocity trade-off in Darwin`s finch jaw function: a
... to different food types might then contribute to mating isolation, at least to the extent that the relevant song parameters are used in mate selection. Previous studies of Geospiza finches have shown that females choose mates largely on the basis of song parameters (Grant & Grant 1997, 1998). Our go ...
... to different food types might then contribute to mating isolation, at least to the extent that the relevant song parameters are used in mate selection. Previous studies of Geospiza finches have shown that females choose mates largely on the basis of song parameters (Grant & Grant 1997, 1998). Our go ...
Akashi+3_Genetica_98
... Comparing the evolutionary behavior of preferred and unpreferred mutations requires both the identification of candidates for major codons and inference of the direction of mutations (ancestral and derived states) in DNA. Although tRNA abundances have not been quantified in Drosophila, candidates fo ...
... Comparing the evolutionary behavior of preferred and unpreferred mutations requires both the identification of candidates for major codons and inference of the direction of mutations (ancestral and derived states) in DNA. Although tRNA abundances have not been quantified in Drosophila, candidates fo ...
Responses to climate change in avian migration time
... these results, it has also been observed that many species of migratory birds have advanced the timing of their spring migration (reviewed in Lehikoinen et al. 2004, Rubolini et al. 2007, this issue). Two distinct but not mutually exclusive processes could be responsible for the observed changes: ph ...
... these results, it has also been observed that many species of migratory birds have advanced the timing of their spring migration (reviewed in Lehikoinen et al. 2004, Rubolini et al. 2007, this issue). Two distinct but not mutually exclusive processes could be responsible for the observed changes: ph ...
Natural Selection and Evolution
... Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley ...
... Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley ...
The fitness costs of adaptation via phenotypic plasticity and maternal
... Etterson 2007; Burgess & Marshall 2011). In ecological scenarios, environmental change is often positively autocorrelated (Halley 1996; Vasseur & Yodzis 2004), meaning environments in successive time intervals are more similar than would be expected by chance alone. In this scenario, a clear adaptiv ...
... Etterson 2007; Burgess & Marshall 2011). In ecological scenarios, environmental change is often positively autocorrelated (Halley 1996; Vasseur & Yodzis 2004), meaning environments in successive time intervals are more similar than would be expected by chance alone. In this scenario, a clear adaptiv ...
use of an explicit method for distinguishing exaptations from
... ABSTRACT – We applied a cladogram-based method for discerning between adaptations and exaptations. We used current definitions and recognition criteria to distinguish between the evolutionary terms adaptation and exaptation. Our cladogram identifies 14 specific exaptations for the conquest of land b ...
... ABSTRACT – We applied a cladogram-based method for discerning between adaptations and exaptations. We used current definitions and recognition criteria to distinguish between the evolutionary terms adaptation and exaptation. Our cladogram identifies 14 specific exaptations for the conquest of land b ...
The role of weak selection and high mutation rates in nearly neutral
... of ‘effectively equal’ depends on the population size and the details of mutations. The observed neutral genetic evolution in extremely large clonal populations can only be explained under current models if selection is completely absent. Such models typically consider the case where population dyna ...
... of ‘effectively equal’ depends on the population size and the details of mutations. The observed neutral genetic evolution in extremely large clonal populations can only be explained under current models if selection is completely absent. Such models typically consider the case where population dyna ...
Natural selection
... New species and biodiversity Speciation occurs when: •one species splits into two or more species; •one specie become a new species over time, as resulted from the changes in the allele frequencies in the genetic pool. Macroevolution depends on speciation. ...
... New species and biodiversity Speciation occurs when: •one species splits into two or more species; •one specie become a new species over time, as resulted from the changes in the allele frequencies in the genetic pool. Macroevolution depends on speciation. ...
“Adaptation”1
... 3. The laws of variation (what Darwin in the Origin called “the mysterious laws of variation and correlation of parts”) which, at this time, Darwin thought were such as to call forth variation only when adaptedness became imperfect, and then to call forth directed variation – variation adjusting the ...
... 3. The laws of variation (what Darwin in the Origin called “the mysterious laws of variation and correlation of parts”) which, at this time, Darwin thought were such as to call forth variation only when adaptedness became imperfect, and then to call forth directed variation – variation adjusting the ...
Origins and History of Darwinian Medicine
... selection itself. I will use the term Darwinian medicine for the contemporary approach, rather than evolutionary medicine (which some authors prefer), because the term “Darwinian” implicates directly the theory of natural selection. The term “Darwinian medicine” was first used by Benjamin Ward Richa ...
... selection itself. I will use the term Darwinian medicine for the contemporary approach, rather than evolutionary medicine (which some authors prefer), because the term “Darwinian” implicates directly the theory of natural selection. The term “Darwinian medicine” was first used by Benjamin Ward Richa ...
Introduction to Genetic Algorithms
... Step 1: Represent the problem variable domain as a chromosome of a fixed length, choose the size of a chromosome population N, the crossover probability pc, and the mutation probability pm. Step 2: Define a fitness function to measure the performance (i.e., fitness) of an individual chromosome in th ...
... Step 1: Represent the problem variable domain as a chromosome of a fixed length, choose the size of a chromosome population N, the crossover probability pc, and the mutation probability pm. Step 2: Define a fitness function to measure the performance (i.e., fitness) of an individual chromosome in th ...
the case of evolution
... thinking could be recognised more easily. Futuyma (2009) provides a list of 16 points that summarise essential components of current evolutionary thinking (known as ‘the evolutionary synthesis’). However, for a basic understanding of evolution by the process of natural selection, such as that requir ...
... thinking could be recognised more easily. Futuyma (2009) provides a list of 16 points that summarise essential components of current evolutionary thinking (known as ‘the evolutionary synthesis’). However, for a basic understanding of evolution by the process of natural selection, such as that requir ...
EXERCISE 17 Phylum Chordata: A Deuterostome Group
... What is the function of the notochord? How does its structure give it its stiffness? What is a nephridia? What system does it belong it? ...
... What is the function of the notochord? How does its structure give it its stiffness? What is a nephridia? What system does it belong it? ...
DARWIN
... was rapidly forthcoming. Darwin wrote to Lyell, "I have heard, by a roundabout channel, that Herschel saysmy book 'is the law of higgeldy-piggeldy.' What this exactly means I do not know, but it is evidently very contemptuous. If true this is a great blow and discouragement."e In the face of such a ...
... was rapidly forthcoming. Darwin wrote to Lyell, "I have heard, by a roundabout channel, that Herschel saysmy book 'is the law of higgeldy-piggeldy.' What this exactly means I do not know, but it is evidently very contemptuous. If true this is a great blow and discouragement."e In the face of such a ...
Evolutionary Psychology as Maladapted Psychology
... When Darwin finally turns to the topic of human evolution in The Descent of Man (1871), his defense should be seen against a historical backdrop in which there was skepticism about evolution as a naturalistic process, as well as skepticism concerning its applicability to human beings. There was also ...
... When Darwin finally turns to the topic of human evolution in The Descent of Man (1871), his defense should be seen against a historical backdrop in which there was skepticism about evolution as a naturalistic process, as well as skepticism concerning its applicability to human beings. There was also ...
DETECTING ECOLOGICAL TRADE-OFFS USING SELECTION EXPERIMENTS
... that a trade-off is present, i.e., that there is no (homozygous) genotype with maximal fitness in both environments. It is important to distinguish between two types of selection experiments. In traditional artificial selection experiments, individuals are measured for one or more traits each genera ...
... that a trade-off is present, i.e., that there is no (homozygous) genotype with maximal fitness in both environments. It is important to distinguish between two types of selection experiments. In traditional artificial selection experiments, individuals are measured for one or more traits each genera ...
How might epigenetics contribute to ecological speciation?
... in a chromosome without alternations in the DNA sequence’ (Berger et al., 2009). Similar to allelic variation, epialleles are defined as ‘alternative chromatin states at a given locus defined with respect to individuals in a population at a given time point and tissue type’ (Johannes et al., 2008). ...
... in a chromosome without alternations in the DNA sequence’ (Berger et al., 2009). Similar to allelic variation, epialleles are defined as ‘alternative chromatin states at a given locus defined with respect to individuals in a population at a given time point and tissue type’ (Johannes et al., 2008). ...
How might epigenetics contribute to ecological speciation?
... in a chromosome without alternations in the DNA sequence’ (Berger et al., 2009). Similar to allelic variation, epialleles are defined as ‘alternative chromatin states at a given locus defined with respect to individuals in a population at a given time point and tissue type’ (Johannes et al., 2008). ...
... in a chromosome without alternations in the DNA sequence’ (Berger et al., 2009). Similar to allelic variation, epialleles are defined as ‘alternative chromatin states at a given locus defined with respect to individuals in a population at a given time point and tissue type’ (Johannes et al., 2008). ...
Natural selection
... New species and biodiversity Speciation occurs when: •one species splits into two or more species; •one species becomes a new species over time, as resulted from the changes in the allele frequencies in the genetic pool. Macroevolution depends on speciation. ...
... New species and biodiversity Speciation occurs when: •one species splits into two or more species; •one species becomes a new species over time, as resulted from the changes in the allele frequencies in the genetic pool. Macroevolution depends on speciation. ...
Drift, not selection, shapes toll-like receptor variation among oceanic
... and distribution of functional genetic diversity among natural populations is a key issue in evolutionary and conservation biology. To do so accurately genetic data must be analysed in conjunction with an unambiguous understanding of the historical processes that have acted upon the populations. Her ...
... and distribution of functional genetic diversity among natural populations is a key issue in evolutionary and conservation biology. To do so accurately genetic data must be analysed in conjunction with an unambiguous understanding of the historical processes that have acted upon the populations. Her ...
PDF
... substantially from those of the past. Thus, the processes involved are not forward-looking and they do not seem purposeful or teleological in nature. Furthermore, as pointed out by Gould (1989, 1990), evolutionary paths are not unique and the actual long-run paths pursued may be influenced to a cons ...
... substantially from those of the past. Thus, the processes involved are not forward-looking and they do not seem purposeful or teleological in nature. Furthermore, as pointed out by Gould (1989, 1990), evolutionary paths are not unique and the actual long-run paths pursued may be influenced to a cons ...
On the Origin of Cats and Carnivores
... the exception of Australia, which is home to unique marsupial ‘cats’ that are deceptively, yet only superficially similar to the placental forms. On the North American continent are found the puma or cougar, commonly called mountain lions, and two smaller types — the lynx, and the similar-sized bobc ...
... the exception of Australia, which is home to unique marsupial ‘cats’ that are deceptively, yet only superficially similar to the placental forms. On the North American continent are found the puma or cougar, commonly called mountain lions, and two smaller types — the lynx, and the similar-sized bobc ...
Here - Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
... 1Z4, Canada. Fax: 604 822 2416; E-mail: [email protected] © 2006 Blackwell Publishing Ltd ...
... 1Z4, Canada. Fax: 604 822 2416; E-mail: [email protected] © 2006 Blackwell Publishing Ltd ...