From quantum cloning to quantum key distribution with
... are linked by a Fourier transform, just as the Hadamard transform maps the computational basis to the dual basis for qubits. The quantum no-cloning theorem then implies that it is not possible to clone position states 兩x典 and momentum states 兩p典 by the same process. By measuring x and preparing clon ...
... are linked by a Fourier transform, just as the Hadamard transform maps the computational basis to the dual basis for qubits. The quantum no-cloning theorem then implies that it is not possible to clone position states 兩x典 and momentum states 兩p典 by the same process. By measuring x and preparing clon ...
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... win. B has one-way inside information if B has inside information relative to A, but A does not have any inside information relative to A. The unique situation in which no other party can have one-way inside information relative to a party Z is when Z assigns a pure state. Z is said to have a maxima ...
... win. B has one-way inside information if B has inside information relative to A, but A does not have any inside information relative to A. The unique situation in which no other party can have one-way inside information relative to a party Z is when Z assigns a pure state. Z is said to have a maxima ...
Composing Quantum Protocols in a Classical Environment
... This notation extends naturally to states that depend on several classical random variables X, Y etc., defining the density matrices ρXY E , ρXY E|E , ρY E|X=x etc. We tend to slightly abuse notation and write ρxY E = ρXE|X=x and ρxY E|E = ρY E|X=x,E , as well as ρxE = trY (ρxY E ) and ρxE|E = trY (ρ ...
... This notation extends naturally to states that depend on several classical random variables X, Y etc., defining the density matrices ρXY E , ρXY E|E , ρY E|X=x etc. We tend to slightly abuse notation and write ρxY E = ρXE|X=x and ρxY E|E = ρY E|X=x,E , as well as ρxE = trY (ρxY E ) and ρxE|E = trY (ρ ...
Gauge Theories of the Strong and Electroweak Interactions
... In classical physics there are two distinct kinds of objects: particles – point particles or continuous distributions of mass – and secondly fields, like gravitational or electromagnetic fields. In quantum mechanics the dichotomy between particles and fields is upheld, although the wave-particle dua ...
... In classical physics there are two distinct kinds of objects: particles – point particles or continuous distributions of mass – and secondly fields, like gravitational or electromagnetic fields. In quantum mechanics the dichotomy between particles and fields is upheld, although the wave-particle dua ...
Physics Adiabatic Theorems for Dense Point Spectra*
... We shall now summarize the results of [1], in a slightly different formulation better adapted to our purposes. The need for reformulation, of course, is that the spectral gap of [1] is not present here. However, the proof of [1] goes through without essential change if we simply replace the gap cond ...
... We shall now summarize the results of [1], in a slightly different formulation better adapted to our purposes. The need for reformulation, of course, is that the spectral gap of [1] is not present here. However, the proof of [1] goes through without essential change if we simply replace the gap cond ...
Private Quantum Channels
... infinitely precise complex numbers. Nevertheless, the question has a positive answer. More precisely, to send privately n qubits, a 2n-bit classical key is sufficient. The encryption technique is fairly natural. Alice applies to the state she wants to transmit a reversible quantum operation specif ...
... infinitely precise complex numbers. Nevertheless, the question has a positive answer. More precisely, to send privately n qubits, a 2n-bit classical key is sufficient. The encryption technique is fairly natural. Alice applies to the state she wants to transmit a reversible quantum operation specif ...
Quantum Algorithms for Estimating Gauss Sums and Calculating
... lower bounded by Ω(1/ log(log m)). Hence the expected number of times that we have to repeat the algorithm until we reach Step 4 is O(log(log m)). In all, and assuming that we can perform the Fourier transform exactly, this shows that this algorithm produces the state |χi with zero error probability ...
... lower bounded by Ω(1/ log(log m)). Hence the expected number of times that we have to repeat the algorithm until we reach Step 4 is O(log(log m)). In all, and assuming that we can perform the Fourier transform exactly, this shows that this algorithm produces the state |χi with zero error probability ...
Strong time operators associated with generalized
... time operator T is defined as an operator satisfying (1.1) with Q and P replaced by T and the Hamiltonian H of the quantum system under consideration, respectively. More precisely, we explain the weak Weyl relation (1.1) as follows. Let H be a Hilbert space over the complex field C. We denote by D(L ...
... time operator T is defined as an operator satisfying (1.1) with Q and P replaced by T and the Hamiltonian H of the quantum system under consideration, respectively. More precisely, we explain the weak Weyl relation (1.1) as follows. Let H be a Hilbert space over the complex field C. We denote by D(L ...
Information Flow in Entangled Quantum Systems
... Qa (so that Qa is dynamically isolated from those qubits) during the period between t and t+1. According to (7), the complete description of Qa during that period would be unchanged if F were replaced by any other gate. Hence it is a general feature of this formalism that when a gate acts on any set ...
... Qa (so that Qa is dynamically isolated from those qubits) during the period between t and t+1. According to (7), the complete description of Qa during that period would be unchanged if F were replaced by any other gate. Hence it is a general feature of this formalism that when a gate acts on any set ...
Quantum heat engine with multilevel quantum systems
... A usual heat engine operates between two heat baths, the temperature difference between which completely determines the maximum efficiency of the heat engine. Correspondingly, it is inferred that no power can be extracted if the two baths have the same temperature. But things become different when w ...
... A usual heat engine operates between two heat baths, the temperature difference between which completely determines the maximum efficiency of the heat engine. Correspondingly, it is inferred that no power can be extracted if the two baths have the same temperature. But things become different when w ...
The role of quantum physics in the theory of subjective
... where we find accounts of quantum theory most suitable to our purpose is (perhaps surprisingly) quantum cosmology – because in the early universe there are no observers, record-keepers or pieces of apparatus, and so these things are not presupposed in that theory. The aim of quantum cosmology (and r ...
... where we find accounts of quantum theory most suitable to our purpose is (perhaps surprisingly) quantum cosmology – because in the early universe there are no observers, record-keepers or pieces of apparatus, and so these things are not presupposed in that theory. The aim of quantum cosmology (and r ...
Including quantum effects in the dynamics of complex „i.e., large
... and achieved excellent results. It, too, has provided benchmark results to which other more approximate approaches can be tested. There are then a variety of approximate approaches that have been developed for dealing with complex systems, most of which can be described as “mixed quantum-classical” ...
... and achieved excellent results. It, too, has provided benchmark results to which other more approximate approaches can be tested. There are then a variety of approximate approaches that have been developed for dealing with complex systems, most of which can be described as “mixed quantum-classical” ...
