Download Section 18.2 Archaebacteria and Eubacteria Pages 484

Section 18.2 Archaebacteria and Eubacteria Pages 484-491 Reading Guide
Diversity of Prokaryotes Page 484-486
1. Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.
2. List 3 places where you might find methane-producing (known as methanogens) archaebacteria.
Marshes, lake sediment, or digestive tracts of animals.
3. In which 2 places would you likely find archaebacteria that like salt (known as halophiles)? Utah’s
Great Salt Lake or the Dead Sea
4. Where would you find archaebacteria that like hot, acidic water (known as thermophiles)?thermal
vents in the ocean floor
5. True or false: Eubacteria thrive (live well) in extreme habitats.false
6. Eubacteria: The heterotrophs
- Heterotrophic bacteria use organic molecules as their food source.
- Others are parasites and obtain their nutrients from living organisms.
- Others are saprophytes that feed on dead organisms or organic wastes.
7. Eubacteria: Photosynthetic autotrophs
- Live in places with sunlight because they need light to make their food
- Ex. cyanobacteria
8. Eubacteria: Chemosynthetic autotrophs
- Make their own food by breaking down and releasing energy of inorganic compounds containing
sulfur and nitrogen in a process called chemosynthesis.
9.
Draw Figure 18.10 on p. 487. Label structures A-G.
Identifying Bacteria Page 488
A. Gram staining
10. Gram staining is a technique that distinguishes two groups of bacteria.
- Gram-positive bacteria are purple.
- Gram-negative bacteria are pink.
B. Bacteria Shape
11. What are the 3 most common bacteria shapes?
- Spheres called cocci
- Rods called bacilli
- Spirals called spiralla
12. How are bacteria grouped if they are staphylo?in a cluster Strepto? in a chain
Reproduction by binary fission & Sexual reproduction Page 488-89
13. Why can’t bacteria use mitosis or meiosis to divide because they do not have a nucleus
14. What process do bacteria use to reproduce? binary fission
15. Bacteria reproduction can happen VERY quickly. Some bacteria reproduce as often as every 20 minutes!
16. What 3 factors help limit bacteria growth? lack of nutrients or water, they can poison themselves with
their own wastes, or predators.
17. What is the form of reproduction that, for lack of better description, is considered “sexual reproduction”
for bacteria? conjugation
Diversity of Metabolism & A survival mechanism Page 491
18. Many bacteria require oxygen for respiration. These bacteria are called obligate aerobes (2 words).
19. Another bacteria, called obligate anaerobes (2 words), are killed by oxygen.
20. Bacteria can produce endospores that resists drying out, temperature extremes, & harsh chemicals. As
an endospore, the bacterium rests and does not reproduce.