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Health in Christian Perspective Test 1 (Chapter 1) MULTIPLE CHOICE: Write the letter of the answer that best completes the statement. ________ 1. The proportion of nutrients compared to the number of calories the food contains is called ___? a. percent daily value c. nutrient density b. serving equivalents d. Food Guide Pyramid ________ 2. Substances that neutralize harmful molecules called free radicals are? a. lipoproteins c. vitamins b. antioxidants d. minerals ________ 3. Long chains of building blocks from which proteins are made are called ___? a. dietary fiber c. fatty acids b. amino acids d. cellulose ________ 4. Most of the body’s nutritional needs come from ___? a. proteins c. fats b. carbohydrates d. all of the above ________ 5. The tissue surrounding a tooth that holds it in place and protects its roots from decay is the ___? a. crown c. gingiva b. pulp d. enamel _________ 6. The physical and chemical breakdown of complex nutrients into simpler, water-soluble substances the body can use is called ___? a. cortisol c. digestion b. metabolism d. insulin _________ 7. The transitional change from childhood into adulthood is ___? a. peristalsis c. puberty b. adolescence b. placenta _________ 8. The endocrine gland that is sometimes called the “master gland” is the ___? a. adrenal gland c. thyroid gland b. parathyroid gland d. pituitary gland __________ 9. The hardest substance in the body is ___? a. dentin c. cementum b. collagen d. enamel __________ 10. The body’s largest internal organ is the ___? a. liver c. heart b. stomach d. gallbladder __________ 11. The body’s main source of energy should come from ___? a. fats c. carbohydrates b. vitamins d. proteins __________ 12. The general term for fatlike substances that are typically insoluble in water is ___? a. cholesterol c. fatty acid b. protein d. lipid __________ 13. The physical and chemical processes by which the body “burns” food and generates energy is called ___? a. cortisol c. digestion b. metabolism d. insulin COMPLETION: Write the answer that best completes the statement. __________________ 14. Two vitamins that function as antioxidants are Vitamin C and ___? __________________ 15. The visible part of a tooth is the ___. __________________ 16. The name for a developing child that is recognizable as a miniature baby from the second month until birth is a(n) ___? __________________ 17. The common unit for measuring the energy value of foods is the ___? __________________ 18. The movement of water, digested food, and other dissolved substances into the bloodstream is ___? __________________ 19. The “emergency action” hormone which prepares the body for stressful situations when strength and endurance are required is ___? __________________ 20. The structure that forms between the mother and unborn baby and does the work of several organ. SORT: Number the parts of the digestive tract in the order that food passes Through it. ________ 21. small intestine ________ 25. esophagus ________ 22. stomach ________ 26. oral cavity ________ 23. rectum ________ 27. colon ________ 24. pharynx COMPLETION: Identify each medical specialist or health-care professional described below. __________________ 28. A doctor who treats diseases of the teeth and gums is called a(n) ___. __________________ 29. A doctor who provides primary care for infants and children is called a(n) ___. __________________ 30. A doctor who treats diseases and disorders of the digestive system is called a(n) ___. MATCHING: Match each meaning with the correct prefix, suffix, or root. ___ 31. refers to the liver a. dent, don’t ___ 32. means “in, inside, or within” b. en-, end-, endo- ___ 33. means “fat or fatty” c. entero- ___ 34. means “surrounding or enclosing d. gastro- ___ 35. refers to the intestines e. hepat-, hepato- ___ 36. means “large” f. lip-, lipo- ___ 37. refers to sugar or carbohydrate g. –logy ___ 38. means “tooth” h. macro- ___ 39. means “science” or “study” i. micro- ___ 40. refers to the stomach j. –ose k. peri MATCHING: Match each function with the correct endocrine gland. Answers may be used more than once. 41. regulates blood calcium a. thyroid 42. regulates blood sugar b. pituitary 43. regulates growth c. pineal 44. regulates sleep d. parathyroid 45. regulates metabolism e. islets of Langerhans MY PLATE: According to 10 Tips to a Great Plate, write the answer that best completes the Statement. __________________ 46. Being physically active helps you ____ calories. __________________ 47. Eating too fast may lead to eating too many ___. __________________ 48. Half of your plate should consist of ___ and ___. __________________ 49. Substitute soda, energy drinks and sports drinks, which are a major source of added sugar and calories, for ___. __________________ 50. & 51. Name two of the foods you should eat most often. __________________ ESSAY: Explain the difference between saturated fats and unsaturated fats, and give examples of each. Which are better for your health?