Download The purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) is a flowering plant native t

1. The purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) is a flowering plant native to the island of New
Zealand. Populations of the purple loosestrife are distributed across the island and show
variations of many different traits. For example, populations that grow in northern regions grow
faster and produce flowers earlier than populations that grow in southern regions.
What is a possible explanation for variations within this species?
A.
Populations in northern regions have less time to grow and reproduce.
B.
Populations in northern regions live mostly in coastal habitats.
C.
Populations in southern regions receive more rainfall.
D.
Populations in southern regions live in warmer than average temperatures.
2. Chickens come from the wild jungle fowl of India. They were domesticated almost
5,000 years ago. A wild jungle fowl will lay 20 to 30 eggs in a year. Chickens raised by
humans typically lay 300 eggs in a year. What process is responsible for this increase in
egg production?
A.
Natural selection
B.
Mutations
C.
Competition
D.
Selective breeding
A student is using a microscope to compare internal leaf structures of aquatic plants and land plants. The student
observes large structures containing air in the aquatic plant leaf, but not in the land plant leaf. The student concludes
that these structures are an adaptation to an aquatic environment.
3.
Was the student's conclusion correct?
A.
Yes; the air helps the plant and its leaves to float in water.
B.
Yes; the air provides oxygen for other aquatic organisms.
C. No; the student made an error when the microscope slide was prepared.
D.
4.
5.
No; the air comes from bubbles in the water.
Which of the following most likely represents natural selection?
A.
The mating of two particular sheep to produce thicker wool.
B.
Humans breeding types of cows to produce more milk.
C.
Corn plants being selected for blue color.
D.
Crickets that chirp less are less likely to be eaten by a predator.
Which of these traits is LEAST likely to show a change when traced
through several generations of dogs?
A.
Number of legs
B.
Color of fur
C.
Length of fur
D.
Length of body
6.
A chicken farmer recorded data about physical traits for three generations of chickens.
For which trait is the farmer most likely doing selective breeding of chickens?
A.
Number of tail feathers
B.
Beak length
C.
Percentage of white feathers
D.
Weight
7. A fox spots a rabbit in a field. The fox begins to chase the rabbit, and the rabbit runs away.
Which statement describes the rabbit’s behavior in response to the stimulus of being chased?
A. The rabbit’s behavior is a tropism.
B. The rabbit’s behavior is a fight-or-flight response.
C. The rabbit’s behavior is a response caused by hunger.
D. The rabbit’s behavior is a response caused by an internal stimulus.
8. Why do animals exhibit defensive behaviors?
A. To find food in extreme weather conditions
B. To be sure that they get plenty of exercise
C. To protect themselves from other animals
D. To show off for the other animals in the habitat
9. Genetic
traits for four different organisms are listed in the table below.
W hich genetic trait may have occurred over several generations due to
natural selection?
10.
A.
I and II
B.
I, II, and III
C.
II, III, and IV
D.
I, II, III, and IV
There are many different breeds of horses. One type of horse is a very
large, heavy animal called a Clydesdale. This animal was bred to pull or
carry a very heavy load. This is an example of –
A.
Learned behavior
B.
Genetic replication
C.
Natural selection
D.
Selective breeding
11. Which of the describes a likely reason that a species would become extinct afte r a major
change?
A. The environmental change means fewer predators are around.
B. There are more homes for the species in the changed environment.
C. The change in the environment opens new resources with less competition.
D. There are not enough individuals of the species that are born with traits necessary to
survive in the new environment.
12. The dichotomous key shows that these plant structures are part of —
A.
a Buckeye tree
B.
an Ash tree
C.
a Pine tree
D.
a Honeylocust tree
13.
A dichotomous key for several organisms is shown below.
Which organism in the dichotomous key has no visible wings, short rear legs, and a
horned head?
A.
Mosquito
B.
Rhinoceros Beetle
C.
Thrips
D.
Butterfly
14. Charles Darwin studied many species of finches on the Galapagos Islands. What characteristic of these
finches showed differences that suggested changes that occurred over generations through natural selection?
A. Webbed feet
B. Wing structure
C. Beaks
D. Eye color
15. What is the main feature of birds that allows them to be light enough for flight?
A. fast-beating heart
B. strong muscles
C. hollow bones
D. complex lungs
16. An insecticide kills many insects, but a few survive. Because of natural selection, which of the following is most
likely to happen?
A.
Eventually the survivors will become resistant to the insecticide.
B.
The survivors will reproduce, and the offspring will be resistant to the insecticide.
C.
The survivors will reproduce, but the offspring will be killed by another application of the insecticide.
D.
The survivors will continue to survive for many years beyond their normal lifespan.
17. Which of the following describes camouflage?
A Viceroy Butterfly looks like a Monarch, so Blue Jays are less likely to eat them.
B. Snowshoe Hare changes its fur color from brown to white to blend in with the snow during the winter.
C. Blue-footed Boobies do a dance to attract mates.
D. A Spotted Salamander has bright yellow spots to warn predators that it is toxic
18. Which of the following is a human adaptation to survive in cold temperatures?
A. You turn the thermostat up
B. You grow hair to insulate your head
C. You cozy up under a blanket with a warm cup of hot chocolate
D. You put on your coat
19. All domestic dogs are descended from the
A. Grey Fox
B. Bears
C. Grey Wolf
D. Tigers
20. What is an example of artificial selection?
A. Letting dogs choose their own mates
B. Crossing a Labrador with a Poodle to create a Labradoodle
C. Creating larger cobs of corn
D. Both B and C