Download AP EUROPEAN CHAPTER 10 WORKSHEET

AP EUROPEAN CHAPTER 10 STUDY GUIDE
“Renaissance and Discovery”
Section 1 – The Renaissance in Italy
1. Describe the Renaissance transition from medieval to modern times.
2. What factors allowed Renaissance society to first take shape within the merchant cities of Italy?
Which five city-states evolved as most influential?
3. Describe the political make-up of Venice.
4. Name and describe the four competing social groups that existed within Florence at the time of the
Renaissance.
5. Discuss the social and economic factors that led to the Ciompi Revolt. What was the end result of
this uprising?
6. What occupations were represented in the Florentine council known as the Signoria? What role
did the Medici family play in controlling this council?
7. What was a despot? Why were they hired? What purpose did they serve and how was it carried
out?
8. Define diplomacy. In what ways was this concept implemented in the various city-states of Italy?
9. Explain the concept of humanism and the accompanying program of studia humanitatis.
10. Identify the three most prominent humanist authors and their most significant literary
contributions.
11. Discuss the purpose of Castiglione’s “Book of the Courtier” and Christine de Pisans’ “Treasure of
the City of Ladies”.
12. Describe the concept of Platonism. How was this concept promoted within the Florentine
Academy?
13. According to civic humanism what is the purpose of education?
14. Discuss the characteristics of Renaissance art. What new techniques aided its development?
15. Discuss the major contributions of the artistic greats da Vinci, Raphael, and Michelangelo.
16. What event prompted a dramatic rise in European slavery in the 14th century? How were slaves
viewed by their owners?
Section 2 – Italy’s Political Decline: The French Invasions (1494-1527)
17. Discuss the significance of the Treaty of Lodi.
18. What events prompted the creation of the League of Venice? What was its purpose?
19. Give evidence that the papacies of Alexander VI and Julius II were more concerned with secular
issues rather than their spiritual duties.
20. Discuss the political ideals set forth in Niccolo Machiavelli’s “The Prince”.
Section 3 – Revival of Monarchy in Northern Europe
21. Describe the characteristics of a sovereign state.
22. Discuss the ways that national monarchies of the 15th and 16th centuries administered justice,
changed the military, and raised income.
23. What impact did the actions of Louis XI have on France by the end of the 15th century?
24. Discuss the political, economic, and religious consequences of the marriage of Ferdinand and
Isabella.
25. How did Henry VII use the justice system and English law to check the power of the nobility in the
late 15th century?
26. Identify the Golden Bull. What was its purpose and function?
Section 4 – The Northern Renaissance
27. In what ways were the northern humanists different from their Italian counterparts?
28. Who invented the printing press? What effects did this invention have on the lives of the European
populace?
29. Explain Erasmus’ belief in philosophia Christi and how this could be achieved. What was the
response of the Catholic Church?
30. Describe the ideal society proposed by English humanist Thomas More in his most famous work
“Utopia”.
Section 5 – Voyages of Discovery and the New Empires in the West and East
31. Discuss the various motivations of the Portuguese and Spanish voyages of exploration.
32. Explain the contributions of the following explorers: Prince Henry “the Navigator”, Dias, da
Gama, Columbus, Vespucci, and Magellan.
33. Discuss the various consequences that Spanish exploration had on both Europe and the Americas.
34. What factors allowed the Spanish under the leadership of Cortes and Pizarro to conquer the Aztec
and Incan Empires?
35. What was the significance of Bartolome de Las Casas? How did the colonial Catholic Church
benefit economically in the New World?
36. Describe the agricultural institution known as the hacienda.
37. Discuss the various sources of labor used by the Spanish in the New World.
38. What impact did the influx of spices and precious metals have on the economies of Europe?