Download B 406 H C

Name
BIOLOGY 406 HUMAN AND COMPARATIVE ANATOMY, SPRING 2009
FINAL EXAMINATION (PART 1)
Date
MULTIPLE CHOICE.⎯For the following multiple choice questions circle the letter in front of the
response that best answers the question or completes the sentence. (10%, 1% each)
1. Which of the following is derived
primarily from ectoderm?
a. pancreas
b. parotid salivary glands
c. thyroid
d. vertebrae
e. None of the above.
6. Which of the following is the receptor cell
for human/vertebrate hearing?
a. cones and rods
b. gustatory cells
c. hair cells
d. neurons directly
e. otoliths
2. Which of the following is derived
primarily from mesoderm?
a. cerebrum
b. dorsal root ganglion
c. kidney
d. liver
e. None of the above
7. Which of the following muscles is
involved in opening the mouth in a
human?
a. masseter
b. mylohyoid
c. pterygoideus
d. sternocleidomastoid
e. temporalis
3. In birds, air in the posterior air sacs
moves to which of the following places on
exhalation?
a. anterior air sacs
b. lungs
c. pharynx
d. trachea
e. None of the above
4. Blood in the human great saphenous vein
then moves to the….
a. anterior tibial vein
b. common iliac vein
c. deep femoral vein
d. external iliac vein
e. femoral vein
f. hepatic portal vein
g. inferior vena cava
h. internal iliac vein
5. Blood in the human right common carotid
entered this vessel from the….
a. aortic arch
b. ascending aorta
c. brachiocephalic artery
d. right brachial artery
e. right coronary artery
f. right external carotid artery
g. right internal carotid artery
h. right subclavian artery
8. Which of the following muscles is
involved in moving human scapulae
medially?
a. levator scapulae
b. pectoralis major
c. pectoralis minor
d. rhomboideus major
e. serratus anterior
9. Which of the following is evolutionarily
most closely related to you?
a. hagfish
b. chimaera
c. lamprey
d. shark
e. trout (teleost)
10. Which of the following among extant
vertebrates is unique to birds (not found
in crocodilians)?
a. aortic arch VI forms pulmonary
arteries
b. crop
c. four-chambered heart
d. gizzard
e. myelinated neurons
f. perforated acetabulum
LABEL.⎯For the following write the appropriate word or words in the available space. (5%)
Label the saggital section (medial view of
right side) diagram of a human brain
below with the following (3%):
Label bones 2, 3, and 6 and suture 5 on the
human skull diagram below (2%):
cerebellum, cerebrum, corpus callosum,
hypophysis, mesencephalon, pons,
DEFINITIONS.⎯For the following words or phrases define them as accurately and concisely as
possible. (10%, 2% each)
1. Edema:
2. Endothelium:
3. Ependymal cells:
4. Gastroenteritis
5. :Synovial joint:
(use your root words for this one):
Name
BIOLOGY 406 FINAL EXAMINATION (PART 2)
Date
SHORT ANSWER.⎯Address each question in as concise and lucid a manner as possible. Do NOT
exceed the space provided.
1. Fill in the lines below for cranial nerves I-X. (You do not need to indicate cranial nerves 0, IX,
X, XI, and XII.) (8%)
Sensory, motor, or both?
What is innervated?
cranial nerve name
I–
-
-
II -
-
-
III -
-
-
IV -
-
-
V–
-
-
VI -
-
-
VII –
-
-
VIII -
-
-
2. Briefly explain how the vertebrate pituitary/hypophysis develops. (Feel free, but do not feel
obliged, to use labeled sketches as part of your answer.) (6%)
3. Compare the development of human aortic arches and those in an alligator. Which arches are
retained in the adult and what do they do. (5%)
4. Compare and contrast the development of the kidney in hagfishes, amphibians, and humans.
How do kidneys generally develop and how do the adult kidneys in each differ? (Feel free, but
do not feel obliged, to use labeled sketches or a table for your answer.) (6%)
Name
BIOLOGY 406 HUMAN AND COMPARATIVE ANATOMY, SPRING 2009
FINAL EXAMINATION (PART 3)
Date
MULTIPLE CHOICE.⎯For the following multiple choice questions circle the letter in front of the
response that best answers the question or completes the sentence. (5%, 1% each)
1. Which of the following is the correct
On the human heart and major blood vessels
order of animal development?
diagram (ventral/anterior view) below
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
zygote-blastula-morula-gastrula-neurula
zygote-blastula-morula-neurula-gastrula
zygote-morula-blastula-gastrula-neurula
zygote-morula-blastula-neurula-gastrula
zygote-gastrula-morula-blastula-neurula
morula-zygote-blastula-gastrula-neurula
2. Which of the following is
developmentally derived from ectoderm?
a. digestive tract lining
b. dermis of skin
c. melanocytes (pigment cells)
d. vertebrae
e. None of the above.
3. Which of the following is primarily
derived from endoderm?
a. epidermis
b. kidneys
c. liver
d. vertebrae
e. None of the above
4. Which of the following contains
significant amounts (meaning a very large
amount) of collagen?
a. Cardiac muscle.
b. Skeletal muscle.
c. Smooth muscle.
d. Neural tissue.
e. None of the above.
5. Which of the following human body
cavities contains the heart?
a. abdominal
b. mediastinal
c. pelvic
d. pericardial
e. pleural
f. spinal/vertebral
label the following (5%):
Aorta,
Brachiocephalic Artery,
Left Carotid Artery,
Left Coronary Artery,
Left Subclavian Artery,
Pulmonary Trunk Artery,
Right Coronary Artery,
Superior Vena Cava
LABEL.⎯For the following write the appropriate word or words in the available space. (5%)
On the human skull diagram (left lateral
view) below label the following (4%):
Label muscles A and B on the diagram
below (2%):
Frontal, Maxilla, Nasal, Occipital, Parietal,
Sphenoid, Temporal, Zygomatic
DEFINITIONS.⎯For the following words or phrases define them as accurately and concisely as
possible. (6%, 2% each)
1. Dorsal mesentery:
2. Dorsal root ganglion:
3. Nucleus pulposus:
SKETCH.⎯Sketch and appropriately label a lancelet (cephalochordate). (4% each)
Name
BIOLOGY 406 FINAL EXAMINATION (PART 4)
Date
SHORT ANSWER.⎯Address each question in as concise and lucid a manner as possible. Do NOT
exceed the space provided.
1. Explain the homology of the malleus, incus, and stapes in a human to other bones in a bird
and a telesot. (Feel free, but do not feel obliged, to use a table and/or labeled sketches for your answer.)
(7%)
2. Generally explain how human male and female external genitalia are sexually homologous
and derived from common developmental precursors. Then explain how external genitalia
vary among the three major groups of mammals. (Feel free, but do not feel obliged, to use a labeled
sketch and/or table for your answer.) (6%)
3. Explain how the endoderm develops during organogenesis in a human. What anatomical
structures does it form and from what do they form. Hint: I’m particularly looking for discussion of
where “buds” form and what they become. (Feel free, but do not feel obliged, to use a labeled sketch for your
answer.) (7%)
4. Label the bones depicted in the human wrist (a left hand in dorsal view) below. The briefly
explain how the human pattern differs from the basic vertebrate pattern. (5%)